No fewer than 1,385,298 persons have been displaced, following insurgency and communal clashes in the North-Eastern states of Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba and Yobe.
This is based on the June 2015 Displacement Tracking Matrix report released by the International Organisation for Migration, in conjunction with the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA).The agency’s Director of Press Affairs, Mr. Sani Datti, said the report showed that Borno had the highest number of
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internally-displaced persons (IDPs), with 1,002,688; this is followed by Yobe, 125,484 and Adamawa, 113,437. He said Bauchi had 76,504, Gombe, 16,984 and Taraba, 20,501.
Barnabas (2015) claims that the report indicated that there was a slight decrease in the number of IDPs compared to the last report released in April, due to the movements of returnees observed on the ground, mostly in Adamawa state where the IDP population had decreased. In Borno state, the IDP population has increased since April, reaching over a million.
Data shows that 92 per cent of the IDPs lived with host communities and eight per cent lived in camps or camp-like sites. The survey shows that 52 per cent of the IDP populations are women and 48 per cent are men. Children of less than 18 years of age constituted 56 per cent of the IDP population and more than half of them are five years old or younger. The NEMA Director of Press Affairs said, the report highlighted that 95 per cent of the displacement was due to insurgency. Five per cent were forced to leave their place of origin because of communal clashes (Barnabas, 2015).
Table 2.2 A sampler of Boko Haram attacks
S/N Dates Location Nature Of Attacks Remark(S)
1 July 26, 2009
Bauchi State 5 days uprising and attack on the police station that spread to Maiduguri, Borno, Yobe, and Kano
Over 800 people killed
2 July 27, 2009
Yobe State Attack on Potiskum, Yobe State Divisional Police Headquarters
3 Police men and 1 fire service officer died 3 March
13, 2010
Plateau State Churches and markets attacks 300 people killed 4 Sept. 7,
FCT, Abuja Explosions near the Eagles Square 12 people killed and many injured 6 Oct. 11,
2010
Maiduguri, Borno State
Bombing/gun attack on a police station Destroys the station and injured three 7 Dec. 24,
Jos, Plateau State Christmas eve bomb attack on church 38 people killed
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Attack on politicians 8 persons killed including ANPP governorship candidate
11 March 2, 2011
Kaduna State Three residences of the Divisional Police Office, Mustapha Sandamu
Bomb attack Injured a police officer
13 April 8, 2011
Niger State Bombing of INEC office in Suleja Killed 8 Corps members 14 April 9,
2011
Unguwar Doki, Maiduguri, Borno State
Bomb explosion occurred at a polling unit Killed 17 people and many injured
15 April 29, 2011
Bauchi State Army Barracks in Bauchi bombed No death was recorded 16 May 29,
2011
Bauchi State Explosion at Mammy market of Shandawanka barracks
Claimed 18 lives and left many injured 17 May 30,
2011
Maiduguri, Borno State
Bombs exploded early morning on Baga road in Borno State
13 persons died and 40 injured 18 June 7,
2011
Maiduguri, Borno State
Series of bomb blasts Claimed five lives and injured many others 19 June 16,
2011
FCT, Abuja Bombing of Nigerian Police Headquarters 3 killed and many vehicles damaged 20 June 16,
2011
Maiduguri, Borno State
Bomb blast at Damboa town 4 children killed
21 June20, 2011
Katsina State Boko Haramstormed Kankara Police Station 9 policemen killed 22 July 9,
2011
Maiduguri, Borno State
A clash between Boko Haramand the military 31 persons killed 23 July 11,
2011
Kaduna State Tragic explosion at a relaxation joint in Fokados street Many people killed 24 July 12,
Borno State Explosion in Maiduguri Injured five people
26 July 23, 2011
Borno State An explosion close to the palace of the Shehu of Borno, Abubakar Garbai Elkanem
Bomb explosion near the palace of traditional ruler 8 persons died 28 Aug. 25,
Bauchi State Bomb attack on a police station in Misau 7 people, including 4 policemen 31 Sept. 13,
2011
Maiduguri, Borno State
Armed attack on military vehicle Injured 4 soldiers 32 Oct. 3,
2011
Maiduguri, Borno State
Attack on Baga Market 3 people killed
33 Nov. 4, 2011
Yobe State Attacks on Damaturu villages 150 people killed 34 Dec. 24,
2011
Jos, Plateau State Bomb attacks in churches and markets 80 people killed 35 Dec. 25,
2011
Niger State Christmas Day Bombing in Mandalla 50 people killed 36 Dec. 30,
Gombe State Bomb attack in a church 6 people died
38 Jan. 6, 2012
Yola, Adamawa State
Bomb attack in a Christ Apostolic Church 17 people died while 20 Igbo people were also killed in Mubi
39 Jan. 20, 2012
Kano State Bomb attacks 250 people killed in multiple attacks
40 Jan. 22,
Kano State Attacked a Police Station in Shagari Quarters Many injured
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42 Feb. 15, 2012
Kogi State Caused Jail Break in Koton Karji Prisons A warder killed and 199 prisoners released 43 April 26,
2012
FCT, Abuja Bombing of three media houses Killed 8 people and injured many people 44 April 29,
2012
Kano State Attack on Bayero University, Kano Killed 13 Christian Worshippers and senior non- academic staff and two Professors
45 April 30, 2012
Jalingo, Taraba State
Bomb explosion 11 persons killed and several others wounded
46 June 17, 2012
Kaduna State Church bombings 19 people were killed
47 August 7, 2012
Kogi State Deeper life church shootings 19 people were killed 48 Dec. 25,
2012
Potiskum, Yobe State
Gun Shots 27 Christians were killed
49 Jan. 4, 2013
Ogun State Prison break 15 inmates freed
50 March 18, 2013
Kano State Bus station bombing 22 were killed
51 April 16, 2013
Baga, Borno State Massacre 187 were killed
52 June 30, 2013
Ondo State Prison break 2 killed and 121 inmates freed
53 July 6, 2013
Yobe State School shooting 42 killed
54 August 12, 2013
Borno State Mosque attack 56 people killed
55 Sept. 12, 2013
Borno State Ambush attack by Boko Haramon Soldiers 40 soldiers killed 56 Oct. 29,
2013
Yobe State Attack by Boko Haramon Damaturu At least 128 killed; (95 militants, 23 soldiers, 8 police and 2 civilians)
57 Dec. 2, 2013
MMC, Borno State Air force base, police station, 2 filling stations and few houses destroyed
12 people killed 58 Dec. 7,
2013
Gwoza, Borno Vehicle burnt 15 people killed
59 Dec. 17, 2013
Bama, Kala balge and Ngala
Houses, shops, motorcycle and food items destroyed Not specified 60 Jan. 20,
2014
Adamawa State Madagali gun attack at a church 35 killed 61 Jan. 31,
2014
Adamawa State Madagali (Chakawa) gun attack Community totally razed, 59 killed.
62 Jan. 7, 2014
Gwoza, Borno State Properties destroyed Not specified
63 Jan. 8, 2014
Damboa, Borno State
Few houses, vehicle destroyed 4 people killed 64 Jan. 8,
2014
Bama, Borno State Houses, Security posts, shops destroyed 6 people killed 65 Jan. 17,
2014
Mobbar, Borno State
63 shops, houses burnt 20 people killed
66 Jan. 19, 2014
Jere, Borno State Houses burnt 20 people killed
67 Jan. 22, 2014
Jawa, Damboa, Borno State
30 houses and food items burnt 8 people killed 68 Jan. 22,
2014
Kaya, Damboa, Borno State
40 houses, food items and motor cycles destroyed 8 people killed 69 Jan. 22,
Bama, Borno Lives and properties destroyed 15 people killed 73 Feb. 9,
2014
Gwoza, Borno State Lives and properties destroyed Not specified
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12 houses, food items destroyed 4 people killed 76 Feb. 14,
Gwoza, Borno State Lives and properties destroyed 106 people killed 78 Feb. 19,
Gwoza, Borno State Entire community razed Not specified
80 Feb. 24, 2014
Gujba, Yobe State Library, Laboratories, staff quarters, student hostels and staff offices all destroyed
59 people killed 81 March 1,
2014
MMC, Borno State 78 houses, vehicle and 39 shops 49 people killed 82 March 1,
2014
Kaga, Borno State 360 houses, shops, market and other valuable properties destroyed
39 people killed 83 March 2,
2014
Mafa, Borno State Almost all of the community razed down 20 people killed 84 March 3,
2014
Jakana, Borno State 80% of the community burnt 35 people killed 85 March
14, 2014
MMC, Borno State Gun attack Not specified
86 March
Gujba, Yobe State Gun attack Not specified
88 March 20, 2014
Damboa, Borno State
5 vehicles burnt 10 people killed
89 March 14, 2014
Borno State Giwa barrack attacked by Boko Haram 600 Boko Haram members killed 90 April 15,
2014
Chibok, Borno State School girls kidnapping 276 female students kidnapped by Boko Haram 91 May 5,
Gwoza, Borno State Boko Haramambush Emir of Gwoza, Idrissa Timta killed 93 June 1,
2014
Mubi, Adamawa State
Bomb attack At least 40 people killed
94 July 18, 2014
Damboa, Borno State
Attack in Damboa town 18 killed by Boko Haram
95 Oct. 31, 2014
Gombe State Bomb explosion in bus station 4 people killed, 32 injured and 13 vehicles destroyed 96 Nov. 25,
2014
Borno State Suicide bomb 45 killed by Boko Haram suicide bomber
97 Dec.22, 2014
Gombe State Bus station bombing At least 27 killed
98 Jan. 2,
Republic of Chad Refugees flee Nigeria's Borno State following the Boko Harammassacre in the town of Baga
7,300 flee to neighboring Chad while over 1,000 are trapped on the island of Kangala in Lake Chad.
100 Feb. 6, 2015
Niger Republic Boko Haramforces launch raids on the towns of Bosso and Diffa, both in Niger
The Chadian military assists the NigerianArmed Forces in repelling the attacks. 5 Nigerians are killed Boko Haram, killing scores of the insurgents
Sambisa forest invasion
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103 April 24, 2015
Borno State Last area controlled in Nigeria by Boko Haram's forces is in the Sambisa forest.
Suicide bomb in the Market 19 Dead and 47 injured.
105 August 25, 2015
Damaturu, Yobe State
Suicide bomb in a motor park 6 Dead and 41 injured.
106 August 26, 2015
Maiduguri, Borno State
Suicide bomb near Maiduguri Airport 1 Soldier and 1 Female civilian dead 107 August
31, 2015
Damboa, Borno State
Insurgents on horseback attacks 25 Dead and many injured
Source: Authors adoption; Eze (2013: 92-94), NEMA (2014) and author’s compilation from reliable daily news sources.
As observed in table 2.2 above, it portrays all the Boko Haram attacks both within Nigeria and its neighbours; Cameroon, Chad and Niger Republics from July 2009 to August 2015 so far captured. It however, portrays the various attacks on innocent civilians as well as the security forces involved in the fight against the dreaded group. These attacks, as shown in the table, portrays the various dates, locations, nature of attacks and the remarks on such attacks by the so-called Boko Haram terrorist group. All these attacks portray negative incentives to both traders and investors, especially in the North-East region as well as on the stable revenue flow to the government.