NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF LIGHT SCATTERING BY DENGUE INFECTED BLOOD
SUFRI BIN OTHMAN
Final Year Project Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the
Degree of Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Physics In the Faculty of Applied Sciences
Universiti Teknologi MARA
DISEMBER2011
i
This Final Year Project entitled "The numerical simulation of light scattering by dengue infected blood" was submitted by Sufri Othman, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Physic, in the Faculty of Applied Sciences, and was approved by
0*5
<>Prof. Madya Dr. Mohd Hanapiah Bin Mohd Yusoff
Supervisor
Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Physics Faculty of Applied Sciences
Universiti Teknologi mara 40450 Shah Alam
Selangor
Prof. Madya Md Yusof Theeran Project Coordinator
Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Physics Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi mara 40450 Shah Alam
Selangor
15 fft) ffltt
Q V J O M ^ - '
Prof. Madya Dr. AB Malik Marwan Bin AM
Head of Programme Bachelor of Science (Hons.) Physics
Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi mara 40450 Shah Alam "
Date:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Ailiamdulillah, finally this report is done, upon completion of this project, my gratitude to many parties which were involved in completing this report. I would like to express my highest- appreciation to my supervisor Dr Mohd Hanapiah Mohd Yusoff for his guidance and support throughout this course. His brilliant ideas and comments regarding this project were helpful in order for me to write this report correctly.
Special thanks to my friends for their supports and encouragement, for their company when I was doing my project.
Lastly, to my dearest family for their loving understanding when 1 spent time on writing and typing instead of being with them.
SUFR1 BIN OTHMAN
LIST OF TABLES
TITLE PAGE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii TABLE OF CONTENTS iv LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES viii ABBREVIATIONS xi ABSTRACT xii ABSTRAK xiii
INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1
1.1.1 Dengue fever 1
1.1.2 Blood 5 1.1.3 Composition of blood 6
1.1.3.1 Blood plasma 7
1.1.3.2 Red blood cells 8
1.1.3.3 white blood cells IQ
1.1.3.4 Platelets u
1.1.4 Blood constituent's index of refraction 13
1.1.5 MAC -ELISA 1 4
1.1.6 Optical technique in platelet count 14
iv
ABSTRACT
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF LIGHT SCATTERING BY DENGUE INFECTED BLOOD
The numerical simulation of light scattering by dengue infected blood is an investigation on the effects of electromagnetic wave's propagation and it's scattering in blood as the number of platelet and their states are varied. For normal blood condition, the number of platelet ranges from 147K/uL to 347 K/uL, but for dengue infected blood the number is reduced to below than lOOK/uL, a condition called Thrombocytopenia. The simulation is done using COMSOL Multiphysics Time-Harmonic Finite-Element Method. The refractive index of platelet is taken as 1.85 and the blood background consisting of red blood cell and plasma is taken as 1.39. Plane wave is normally incident on platelets in blood .The incident radiation ranging from wavelength of 400nm to lOOOnm is illuminated to the blood sample. Then, the normalized reflected and transmitted amounts of power are compared between the healthy and the dengue infected blood sample in different states of platelet. The result shows that both normalized transmitted and reflected coefficients varied at various wavelengths due to scattering by the number of platelets in blood sample. For activated platelet in the dengue infected blood, the normalized transmitted power increases with wavelength.
XII
