VIA of Climate Change on Thailand Rice Production System: Current
understanding and plan
Chitnucha Buddhaboon
Director of Sakon Nakhon Rice Research Center
Rice Department,
Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives
Workshop for a Pilot Project on Climate Change Impact Assessment on Rice in Southeast Asia September 22-23, 2014, Ramkhamhaeng niverstity Bangkok, Thailand
Contents
v Introduction
v Vulnerability and Impact of CC on rice
v Adaptation strategies to climate change
v Recently research for rice adaptation
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Rice area map of Thailand Total area 10 M ha
Rainfed rice area
Irrigated rice area
Rice production systems
Floating rice Deep water rice
Rainfed rice 75%
Irrigated rice 23%
Upland rice 1%
50-‐100 cm of 1%
water depth >100 cm of
water depth
98%
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Vulnerability and Impact of CC on rice
v High temperatures coinciding with critical developmental stages (Irrigated rice)
v Floods causing complete or partial submergence (Rainfed and Irrigated rice)
v Drought (rainfed)
v Salinity (Rainfed and Irrigated rice)
(Mohanty et al., 2013)
Rice is sensitive to different abiotic stresses that will be exacerbated with more climate extremes under climate change:
Mean monthly maximum temperature (30 years) (TMD., 2014) High temperature in irrigated rice area
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7
3,910,621 ha 916,292 ha 77,271 ha
Drought-prone area Flood-prone area Drought and flood-prone area
Drought Flood
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5,535,597 ha
44,518 ha
Multiple stress area Salty area
Affected by sea water
Salty rice area
Effect of salinity on rice
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What has the RD done for rice production adaptation?
v Ongoing researches work for rice production adaptation to CC
v Management of related information
preparing for adaptation, iRiceZoning,
iRiceImage, iRiceMIS
Research works for rice production adaptation to CC
Rice Department has allocated budget for conducting researches on both for rice variety and rice production technology improvement.
Many of research projects related to adaptation of rice production under CC, consisting of;
1. Rice varietal improvement for flood, drought, heat and cold tolerance
2. Early maturity irrigated rice, both varietal improvement and its’
cultural practices
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Researches for rice production adaptation (cont.)
3. Adjustment of technology (appropriate variety, planting date, planting methods, fertilizer, and water management) for rice production under climate change
4. Carbon footprint and reduction of GHGs emission from major rice production system in Thailand
5. Effect of climate change on pathogen and out brake of rice diseases in continuous irrigated production system
Researches for rice adaptation (cont.)
6. Effect of climate change on biotype and population of significant insect pests in rice e.g. BPH
7. Rice zoning (to improve rice yield in suitable area and to convert unsuitable area for rice production to produce
other crops)
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Rice Zoning
iRiceZoning
http://www.ricethailand.go.th/home/index.php?
option=com_wrapper&view=wrapper&Itemid
=44
Soil suitability for rice production
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Rice yield under farmer’s technology
Rice yield under recommendation technology
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iRiceImage
http://carsr.agri.cmu.ac.th/projects/iriceimage/Monitor and display
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Monitor and display
http://carsr.agri.cmu.ac.th/projects/iRiceMIS/Center/?
cencode=100
iRiceMIS
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Input the data
Display the data
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28 Rice Research Centers under Bureau of Rice Research and Development
