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In addition, personnel from both Bank Al Rajhi and Bank Islam were interviewed regarding their application of personal financing through tawarruq and inah

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ئدﺎﺒﻣ :ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻠﻟ تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗو

يﺰﻴﻟﺎﳌا مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑو ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﲟ ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻧرﺎﻘﻣ ﺔﺳارد

داﺪﻋإ

قﺎﺤﺳإ ﷲا ﺪﺒﻋ ﺪﻤﳏ

نرﺎﻘﳌا نﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟا ﰲ ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﳌا ﺔﺟرد ﻞﻴﻨﻟ ﺚﲝ قﻮﻘﺤﻠﻟ ﻢﻴﻫاﺮﺑإ ﺪﲪأ ﺔﻴﻠﻛ

ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﻣ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﳉا

ﺲﻄﺴﻏأ

٢٠١٠

(2)

ﺺﺨﻠﻣ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

ﺞﺘﻨﻣ ﺚﺤﺒﺑ ﺖﻣﺎﻗ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ ّنإ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤَﺘﻟا

دﻮﺟﻮﳌا ٍﻞﻛ ﰲ

ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا

ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟاو فﺪﻬﻳ يﺬﻟاو ،مﻮﻤﻌﻟا ﻪﺟو ﻰﻠﻋ

ﲑﻓﻮﺗ ﱃإ ﺪﻘﻨﻟا

يرﻮﻔﻟا ﻟ

سﺎﻨﻠ ءﺎﻀﻘﻟ ﺗﻬﺎﺟﺎﺣ

ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻟا .

مﺪﻘﺗ ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا كﻮﻨﺒﻟﺎﻓ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤَﺘﻟا

قوﺪﻨﺻ ﺐﻧﺎﺟ :ﺎﳘو :ﲔﺒﻧﺎﺟ ﻦﻣ

ﻚﻨﺒﻟا ﻦﻣ بﻮﺤﺴﻣ ﻎﻠﺒﻣ ﺐﻧﺎﺟو .ةﺪﺋﺎﻔﺑ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﳌا ﰲ ﻊﻓﺪﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟا نﻮﻜﻳو ،ضﺮﻘﻟا ﻪﻴﻄﻌﻳ ﺪﻴﺻر نود )

overdraft

(

،ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﰲ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟارﻮﺻ ﺎﻣأو . ﺎ�ﺈﻓ

نﻮﻜﺗ

إ نﻮﻜﺗ ﺎ�أ:ﻲﻫو رﻮﺻ ﺲﲬ ﰲ وأ ةرﺎﺟﻹاوأ ﺔﲝاﺮﳌاوأ ﺔﻨﻴِﻌﻟاوأ قرﻮّﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﺎّﻣ

ﺔﻛرﺎﺸﳌا

تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ نﺎﻴﺑ ﰲ ًﺎﻴﺳﺎﺳأ ًاﺰﻴﻛﺮﺗ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا تﺰّﻛر ﺪﻘﻓ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻧ ﺖﻗﻮﻟا ﰲو .ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺑ ﱠﺘﻟا

ﻞﻳﻮﻤ

ﱠﺸﻟا ﰲ ﻲﺼﺨ ّﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ

و ﻲﺤﺟا ﺔﻴﻀﻘﻟ ﻞﺼﻔﻟا نﺎﻴﺒﻟا ﻊﻣ ،ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺔﻔﺼﺑ يﺰﻴﻟﺎﳌا مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ

َﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟاو قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻟﺄﺴﳌا ﰲ دﻮﺟﻮﳌا بذﺎﺠﺘﻟا ﰲ ﻦُﻤﻜﺗ ﱵﻟاو ،ﺔﻳﺎﻐﻟاو أﺪﺒﳌا ﺚﻴﺣ ﻦﻣ ﺔ

ﺚﺤﺒﻟا اﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟا ﻚﻠﺳ ﺪﻗو .ﻊﻨﳌاوأ زاﻮﳉا ﰲ ءﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟا ﲔﺑ فﻼِﳋاو قﺎﻓِﻮﻟا ﺚﻴﺣ ﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺎﻣ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟ ﱯﺘﻜﳌا ﺚﺤﺒﻟا ﰲ ّﺐﺼﻨﻳ يﺬﻟا :يﺮﻈﻨﻟا ﺐﻧﺎﳉا :لوﻷا :ﲔﺠﻬﻨﻣ ﱠﺘﻟ

ﻞﻳﻮﻤ

ﱠﺸﻟا ﻲﺼﺨ ﻔﻟا ﺐﺘﻜﻟا ﰲ

يﺬﻟا :ﻲﻘﻴﺒﻄّﺘﻟا ﺐﻧﺎﳉا :ﱐﺎﺜﻟاو .ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟا ثﻮﺤﺒﻟاو ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻاو ﺔﻴﻬﻘ

ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﰲ ﻞّﺜﻤﺘﻳ ﱠﺘﻟا

ﱠﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤ ﻲﺼﺨ

ﻚﻟذو .ةﺪﺋﺎﻔﻟا ﻢﻌﺗ ﺎﻤﻴﻛ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﺾﻌﺑ ﰲ

ﺔﻠﺌﺳﻷا زﺮﻓو ﺔﻴﺼﺨّﺸﻟا ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻘﳌا ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ –

ﺔﻠﺳاﺮﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻦﻣ ﱟﻞﻛ ﰲ ﲔﻟوﺆﺴﻤﻠﻟ -

.مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑو ﻲﺤﺟاّﺮﻟا ﺺﻠﺧو

ا اﺬﻫ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ّنأ ﻦﻣ رﻮﻬﻤﳉا َيأر ّنأ ﱃإ ﻊﺿاﻮﺘﳌا ﺚﺤﺒﻟ

ﻢﱠﻈﻨﳌا ﰲﺮﺼﳌا قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ّنأ ﺎﻤﻛ،ﻢﻬﺘﻟدأ ةﻮﻘﻟ ٌﺰﺋﺎﺟ ﻲﻬﻘﻔﻟا قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا رﻮﻬﲨ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ءاﺮﺟﻻﺎﻓ ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ّﺎﻣأو ،عﻮﻴﺒﻟا ﺔﺤﺻ ﱃإ يدﺆﺗ ﱵﻟا طوﺮﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﻦﻜﻟ ٌﺰﺋﺎﺟ ًﺎﻤﻠﻋ ،ﺰﺋﺎﺟ ﲑﻏ ءﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟا ﰲﺮﺼﳌا قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﱃإ ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ًﺎﺒﻳﺮﻗ ﻞﻘﺘﻧا مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ ّنﺄﺑ

.ﻢﱠﻈﻨﳌا ﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ نﻮﻜﺗ نأ ﱃﺎﻌﺗ ﷲا ﻦﻣ ﻮﺟرأ ،اًﲑﺧأو

ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻨ و ﺎًﺳاﱪِﻧ ًﺎﺳﺎﻴﻘﻣ

ﺎﻬﻴﻟإ عﻮﺟﺮﻠﻟ ﰲ

ﳌا ﺪﻨﻋ ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺴ ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟا

ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻢﻬﻠﻳﻮﲤ ﺐﻧﺎﺟ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﻊﻣ .

ب

(3)

ABSTRACT

This study examines the nature of personal financing in general, in both Islamic and conventional banks. Most conventional banks offer personal financing through their interest-based loan package or overdraft facility, which is advance money, or draft loan in excess of credit balance in accounts for a limited period. Islamic banks at international and national levels practise various shariah concepts such as bay’

tawarruq, inah, murabahah and ijarah for personal financing. The study focuses on tawarruq and inah as practiced by Bank Al Rajhi and Bank Islam in Malaysia, in personal financing, in order to examine their conformity with Islamic law. This study is based on both theoretical analysis and fieldwork, and data is collected both from the writings of classical Muslim jurists and contemporary Muslim scholars. In addition, personnel from both Bank Al Rajhi and Bank Islam were interviewed regarding their application of personal financing through tawarruq and inah. The study reveals that inah is not permissible according to the majority of the jurists. In the case of tawarruq, there are two types, viz. Classical tawarruq and organized tawarruq. The First is completely permissible, since it fulfils all requirements and conditions of valid sales, whereas the permissibility of the second depends on the fulfillment of certain

conditions.Bank Islam has adopted organized tawarruq starting from ٢٠٠٩ for for personal financing.

ج

(4)

APPROVAL PAGE

I certify that I have supervised and read this study and that in my opinion; it conforms to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Comparative Laws.

...

Badruddin Hj Ibrahim.

Supervisor

I certify that I have read this study and that in my opinion it conforms to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Comparative Laws.

……….

Muhammad Abdurrahman Sadique Internal examiner

...

Abdurrahman Raden Aji Haqqi External examiner

This thesis was submitted to the Department of Islamic Laws and is accepted as a

fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Comparative Laws.

...

Badruddin Hj Ibrahim

Head, Department of Islamic Laws

This thesis was submitted to the Kulliyyah of Laws and is accepted as a fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Comparative Laws.

...

Mohd Akram Shair Mohamad Dean, Kulliyyah of Laws

د

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DECLARATION

I hereby declare that this thesis is the result of my own investigations, except where otherwise stated. I also declare that it has not been previously or concurrently

submitted as a whole for any other degrees at IIUM or other institutions.

Mohammed Abdullahi Ishak

Signature ……… Date ………..

ه

(6)

ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﲟ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﳉا

ةرﻮﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﺮﻴﻏ ثﺎﺤﺑﻷا ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﺔﻴﻋوﺮﺸﻣ تﺎﺒﺛإو ﻊﺒﻄﻟا قﻮﻘﺤﺑ راﺮﻗإ ﻊﺒﻄﻟا قﻮﻘﺣ

٢٠١٠ قﺎﺤﺳإ ﷲا ﺪﺒﻋ ﺪﻤﶈ ﺔﻇﻮﻔﳏ م

ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻠﻟ تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗو ئدﺎﺒﻣ

:

ﺔﺳارد ﺔﻧرﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻴﺑ ﻲِﺤﺟاﱠﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ

ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﻤﺑ ﻚﻨﺑو

مﻼﺳإ يﺰﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟا

يﺄﺑو ﻞﻜﺷ يأ ﰲ رﻮﺸﻨﳌا ﲑﻏ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا اﺬﻫ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا وأ ،جﺎﺘﻧإ ةدﺎﻋإ زﻮﳚ ﻻ

وأ خﺎﺴﻨﺘﺳﻻا ﻚﻟذ ﰲ ﺎﲟ (ﺎﻫﲑﻏ وأ ﺔﻴﻧوﱰﻜﻟإ وأ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺔﻴﻟآ)ةرﻮﺻ ﻟا

نوﺪﺑ ،ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘ نذإ

:ﺔﻴﺗﻵا تﻻﺎﳊا ﰲ ﻻإ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟا ﻦﻣ بﻮﺘﻜﻣ

١ . اﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ةدﺎﻣ ﺔﻳأ سﺎﺒﺘﻗا ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻶﻟ ﻦﻜﳝ رﻮﺸﻨﳌا ﲑﻏ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

ﻻا طﺮﺸﺑ ﻢﺗﻬﺎﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﰲ

.ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﻣ ةرﻮﺼﺑ ﺺﻨﻟا ﻖﻴﺛﻮﺗو ﺲﺒﺘﻘﳌا ﺺﻨﻟا ﺐﺣﺎﺻ ﻞﻀﻔﺑ فاﱰﻋ ٢ . ﻟ نﻮﻜﻳ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺠﻠ ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﲟ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا

ﻖﺣ ﺎﻬﺘﺒﺘﻜﻣو خﺎﺴﻨﺘﺳﻻا

ﺑ وأ ﻪﺘﻋﺎﺒﻄﺑ) ةرﻮﺼ

ﺔﻴﻟآ .ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗو ﺔﻴﺗﺎﺴﺳﺆﻣ ضاﺮﻏﻷ (

٣ . ا ﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌ نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﲟ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﳉ

اﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﺦﺴﻧ جاﺮﺨﺘﺳا ﻖﺣ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

رﻮﺸﻨﳌا ﲑﻏ .ىﺮﺧﻷا ثﻮﺤﺒﻟا ﺰﻛاﺮﻣو تﺎﻌﻣﺎﳉا تﺎﺒﺘﻜﻣ ﺎﻬﺘﺒﻠﻃ اذإ

٤ . ا ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟا دوﺰﻴﺳ ا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﳉ

ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﲟ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺎﻬﻣﻼﻋإ ﻊﻣ ﻪﻧاﻮﻨﻌﺑ

.ﻩﲑﻴﻐﺗ ٥ . ا ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺘﻘﻓاﻮﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ لﻮﺼﳊا ضﺮﻐﻟ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺎﺑ لﺎﺼﺗﻻا ﻢﺘﻴﺳ خﺎﺴﻨﺘﺳ

اﺬﻫ ﲑﻏ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

رﻮﺸﻨﳌا .ﺔﺒﺘﻜﳌا ﰲ ﺮﻓﻮﺘﳌا ﱐوﱰﻜﻟﻹا وأ يﺪﻳﱪﻟا ﻪﻧاﻮﻨﻋ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ،داﺮﻓﻸﻟ

٦ . ﺎﺳﺮﻟا ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ ﻦﻣ ﻊﻴﺑﺎﺳأ ةﺮﺸﻋ لﻼﺧ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟا ﺐﺠﺘﺴﻳ ﱂ اذإو مﻮﻘﺘﺳ ،ﻪﻴﻟإ ﺔﻬﺟﻮﳌا ﺔﻟ

ا ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣ ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﲟ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﳉ .ﻪﺑ ﲔﺒﻟﺎﻄﳌا ﺪﻳوﺰﺗ ﰲ ﺎﻬﻘﺣ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳﺎﺑ

.قﺎﺤﺳإ ﷲا ﺪﺒﻋ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ :راﺮﻗﻹا اﺬﻫ ﺪﻛأ

... ...

...

ﻊﻴﻗﻮﺘﻟا

ﺦﻳرﺎﺘﻟا

و

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ﺎﻤﻬﻓ .ﱘﺮﻜﻟا يﺪﻟاو ﱃإو ،ﰊرد ﱄ رﻮﻨﻳ يﺬﻟا حﺎﺒﺼﳌا ﺔﻧﻮﻨﳊا ﺔﳝﺮﻜﻟا ﰐﺪﻟاو ﱃإ ناﺬّﻠﻟا

ﱐﺎﻴﺑر

ﱘﻮﻘﻟا ﻖﻳﺮﻄﻟا ﱃإ ﱐﺎﻳﺪﻫأو ًاﲑﺒﻛ ﱐﺎﻴﻋرو ًاﲑﻐﺻ -

ﻢﻠﻌﻟا ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ -

ﺎﳘﺮﻤﻋ ﷲا لﺎﻃأ . .ﻪﺘﻋﺎﻃ ﰲ

تاﻮﻋﺪﻟا ﺺﻟﺎﲞ ّﻲﻠﻋ اودﺎﺟ ﻦﻳﺬﻟا ﻢﻠﻌﻟا ﺔﺒﻠﻃو ﻲﺋﺎﻗﺪﺻأو ﱵﻠﺋﺎﻋو ﰐاﻮﺧأو ﰐﻮﺧإ ﻊﻴﲨ ﱃإو .رﺎﻫدزﻻاو حﺎﺠﻨﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﻓﺎﳊا ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟاو ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟا ةﺎﻴﳊا ﱂﺎﻋ ﰲ

ز

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ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗو ﺮﻜﺷ

ﻪﻴﻠﻋو ،تﺎﳊﺎﺼﻟا ﻢﺘﺗ ﻪﺘﻤﻌﻨﺑ ﻦﻳﺬﻟا ﷲ ﺪﻤﳊا ﻩﺪﺣو

لﺎﻜﺗﻻا ﰲ

ﻊﻴﲨ

،تﺎﻤﻠﳌا ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺎﻓ

ﻪﻟ

ًﻻوأ ﻩﺪﺣو ًاﲑﺧأو ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻤﻌﻧ

﴿:ﻞﻳﺰﻨﺘﻟا ﻢﻜﳏ ﰲ ﻞﺋﺎﻘﻟا ﻮﻬﻓ ،ﻪﻘﻴﻓﻮﺗو ْﻦِﺌَﻟ

ْﻢُﺗْﺮَﻜَﺷ ْﻢُﻜﱠﻧَﺪﻳِزََﻷ

﴾ ].

ةرﻮﺳ

،ﻢﻴﻫاﺮﺑإ ﺔﻳﻵا

: ٧ .[

ﺪﻤﳏ ﺎﻧﺪﻴﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ نﻼﻤﻛﻷا نﺎﲤﻷا مﻼﺴﻟاو ةﻼﺼﻟاو ﻰﻠﻋو ρ

: ﺪﻌﺑو . ﻢﻠﺳو ﻪﺒﺤﺻو ﻪﻟآ ﻪﻧإ ﻦﻣ بﺎﺑ فاﱰﻋﻻا ﻖﳊﺎﺑ

ﻪﻠﻫﻷ ρ لﺎﻗ

"

ﻻ ﺮﻜﺸﻳ ﷲا ﻦﻣ ﻻ ﺮﻜﺸﻳ سﺎﻨﻟا

"

ﻦﻤﻓ اﺬﻫ

،ﻖﻠﻄﻨﳌا ﻪﺟﻮﺗأ نأ ّﻻإ ﲏﻌﺴﻳ ﻻ

ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﻳﺰﳉا

ﱠيﺪﻟاو ﱃإ ﲔﻤﻴﻈﻌﻟا ﻦﻳﺬﻠﻟا

ﺎﻤﻬﻣ

ُﺖﻠُﻗ ْﻦﻠﻓ ﺎﻤﻬﻴﻓوأ ﺎﻤﻬّﻘﺣ

ﻦﻣ ﺮﻜﺸﻟا

،نﺎﻨﺘﻣﻻاو ﻻو

ﻚﻠﻣأ .ﺔﺼﻟﺎﳋا ةﻮﻋﺪﻟا ّﻻإ ﺎﻤﳍ

ﺎﻤﻛ

ﻪﺟﻮﺗأ رﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟا ﱃإ ﺮﻓاﻮﻟا ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﻢﻴﻫاﺮﺑإ جﺎﺣ ﻦﻳﺪﻟا رﺪﺑ

اﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ فاﺮﺷﻹﺎﺑ ﲏﻣﺮﻛأ يﺬﻟا

ﻻو .ﺚﺤﺒﻟا ﲏﺗﻮﻔﻳ

ﺎﻨﻫ نأ ﻩﻮﻧأ

،ﻪﺗﺮﺑﺎﺜﻣو ﻩﺪﻬﲜ ﺪﻘﻓ

تﺪﻔﺘﺳا ﻦﻣ

ﻪﺗﺎﻬﻴﺟﻮﺗ

،ةﺪﻳﺪﺴﻟا

ﻪﺗﺎﻈﺣﻼﻣو ﺔﻤّﻴﻘﻟا

ﱵﻟا ﲏﻔﲢأ ﲏﻧإو .ﺎﺑﻬ ﻻ

ﺪﺟأ ﻦﻣ مﻼﻜﻟا ﺎﻣ

ﻲﻔﻳ ﻩﺮﻜﺷ ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗو ﻩدﻮﻬﺟ

ﻪﺋﺎﻄﻋو

،ﻲﻤﻠﻌﻟا ﲑﻏ

ﲏﻧأ ﻮﻋدأ ﷲا ﻪﻟ ماوﺪﺑ ﻖﻴﻓﻮﺘﻟا ﺔّﺤﺼﻟاو

ماودو

،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻌﻟا نأو

ﻪﻳﺰﳚ ﷲا ﲑﺧ

،ءاﺰﳉا نأو كرﺎﺒﻳ ﰲ ﻪﻠﻤﻋ ﻊﻔﻨﻳو ﻩﺮﻤﻋو

،ﻪﺑ نأو نﻮﻜﻳ ﻚﻟذ ﰲ ناﺰﻴﻣ ﻪﺗﺎﻨﺴﺣ مﻮﻳ

ﺔﻣﺎﻴﻘﻟا . ﰲو

مﺎﺘﳋا ﻻ ﲏﺗﻮﻔﻳ نأ ﻻإ ﱠﻞُﻛﺮﻜﺷأ

ﻦَﻣ ﻢﻫﺎﺳ ﻲﻌﻣ ﰲ جاﺮﺧإ اﺬﻫ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺰّﻴﺣ ﱃإ

،دﻮﺟﻮﻟا

ﲏﻧﺎﻋأو ﻪﻴﻠﻋ

ﻦﻣ ةﻮﺧﻹا ءﻼﻣﺰﻟاو

،ﻢﻫﲑﻏو ّﺺﺧأو

يﺪﻬﻣو ،ﲔﻣأ ﻒﺑ ﻒﻳﺬﺣ :ةﻮﺧﻹا ﺮﻛﺬﻟﺎﺑ

.ردﺎﻘﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ﺪﲪأو ،ﺮﻤﻋ ﺎﻤﻛ

ﺮﻜﺷأ ﻞﻛ ﻦﻣ ىﺪﺳأ ًﺎﻓوﺮﻌﻣ ﱄإ

ﰲ ﻞﻴﺒﺳ زاﺮﺑإ اﺬﻫ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺟﻮﻟا ﻲﺿﺮﳌا ﺺﺧأو

ﺮﻛﺬﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﻴﻤﻋ

ﺔﻛرﺎﺒﳌا ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ -

نﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻛ -

ﻢﻴﻫاﺮﺑإ ﺪﲪأ

ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﳌا ﺔﻨﳉ ءﺎﻀﻋأ ماﺮﻜﻟا ةﺬﺗﺎﺳﻷاو ﻪﻧاﻮﻋأو رﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟا ﺺﺧﻷﺎﺑو

ﻲﺟﺎﻋ ﻦﻳدر ﻦﻤﺣﺮﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ

كرﺎﺒﻳو ًاﲑﺧ ﷲا ﻩاﺰﺠﻓ ﱐﺮﺑ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻦﻣ ﻲﻘﺣ ﰲ

ﻪﻠﻤﻋ ﻊﻔﻨﻳو ﻩﺮﻤﻋو ﺪﺒﻋ رﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟا ﻚﻟﺬﻛو ،ﻪﺑ

ﰒ ،ﻲﻘﻳﺪﺻ ﻦﲪﺮﻟا ﺮﻜﺸﻟا

ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺠﻠﻟ

،ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﲟ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا ﺔّﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا

ىﺰﺠﻓ ﷲا ﻊﻴﻤﳉا ًاﲑﺧ .

ح

(9)

تﺎﻳﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

ﺺﺨﻠﻣ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

...

...

ب....

ﺺﺨﻠﻣ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻹا ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺎﺑ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

...

...

ج

لﻮﺒﻘﻟا ﺔﺤﻔﺻ ...

...

د

ﺢﻳﺮﺼﺗ ...

...

...

ـﻫ

ﻊﺒﻄﻟا قﻮﻘﲝ راﺮﻗإ ...

...

و

ءاﺪﻫﻹا ...

...

...

ز

ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗو ﺮﻜﺷ ...

...

ح

تﺎﻳﻮﺘﳏ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

...

...

ط

ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺎﺑ لواﺪﳉا ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ...

...

م

لواﺪﳉا ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻹا ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺎﺑ

...

...

ن

ﲔﻧاﻮﻘﻟا ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ ...

...

س

فوﺮﳊا ...

...

...

ع

ﻞﺼﻔﻟا لوﻷا

: ﻞﺼﻔﻟا يﺪﻴﻬﻤﺘﻟا

...

...

١

ﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌا ...

...

...

١

ﺚﺤﺒﻟا فاﺪﻫأ ...

...

٥

ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻣ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

...

...

٥

تﺎﻴﺿﺮﻓ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا

...

...

٥

تﺎﺳارﺪﻟا ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟا

ﻦﻋ عﻮﺿﻮﳌا ...

...

٦

ﺪﻳﺪﲢ لﺎﳎ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا ...

...

١٣

ﺞﻬﻨﳌا ﻊﺒﺘﳌا ﰲ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا ...

...

١٤

ط

(10)

ﻲﻠﻜﻟا ﺚﺤﺒﻟا ﻢﻴﻤﺼﺗ ...

...

١٦

ﻞﻜﻴﳍا يﺮﻈﻨﻟا ﺚﺤﺒﻠﻟ

...

...

١٧

ا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟ

ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا مﻮﻬﻔﻤﻟ ﻞﺧﺪﻤﻟا : ...

١٩

:لوﻷا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻣ

...

١٩

لوﻷا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا :

ﻪﺘﻴﻫﺎﻣ ﺔﻳﻮﻐﻠﻟا ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻼﻛ ﺔﻓﺎﺿإ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻦﻣو ،ﺔﻴﺣﻼﻄﺻﻹاو

ﺾﻌﺒﺑ ﺎﻬﻀﻌﺑ ﲔﺘﻤﻠﻜﻟا ...

...

١٩

ﱐﺎﺜﻟا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا :

ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻪﺘﻴﻫﺎﻣ ...

٢٤

ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا

ُﺻ َ : ﻮ ﻩر ﺳرﺎﲤ ﱵﻟا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﺎﻬ

...

٢٦

لوﻷا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﰲ ُﻩُرَﻮُﺻ :

...

٢٦

ﱐﺎﺜﻟا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﰲ ُﻩُرَﻮُﺻ :

...

٢٧

ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا :ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا ﻚﻨﺑو

مﻼﺳإ يﺰﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟا

ﻪﺗﺎﻤﻴﻈﻨﺗو ...

...

...

٥٠

:لوﻷا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ ﻦﻋ ﺔﻴﳜرﺎﺗ ةﺬﺒﻧ

و يﺰﻴﻟﺎﳌا مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ ...

٥٠

ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا :

ﰲ ﻪﻃوﺮﺷو ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا تﻻﺎﳎ ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ

و

يﺰﻴﻟﺎﳌا مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ ...

...

٦٠

:ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ﱢﺪﻘﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺔﺑﻮﻠﻄﳌا تاﺪﻨﺘﺴﳌا

ﻟ م ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻠ فﺮﺼﻣ ﰲ

و ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا يﺰﻴﻟﺎﳌا مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ

يﺪﻘﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛو ...

٧٢

:ﻊﺑاﺮﻟا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ ﰲ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا تاﺰﻴﳑ

و مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ

يﺰﻴﻟﺎﳌا ةدﺎﻔﺘﺳﻻا قﺮﻃو

ﻪﻨﻣ ...

...

٧٦

:ﻊﺑاﺮﻟا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ

قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا “

و ﺗﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺐﻧﺎﺟ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا

فﺮﺼﻣ ﻲﻓ

ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا ...

...

...

٧٨

:لوﻷا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا مﻮﻬﻔﻣ

ﻪﻋاﻮﻧأو ...

...

٧٨

ي

(11)

ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ﻪﻄﺑاﻮﺿو ﻪﻤﻜﺣ :

...

...

٩٠

:لوﻷا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ﻦﻳﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌا ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟاو ﻰﻣاﺪﻘﻟا ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟا ﺪﻨﻋ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﻢﻜﺣ

٩٠

:ﱐﺎﺜﻟا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﺾﻌﺑ ﻪﻳﺮﲡ يﺬﻟا ﻢﻈﺘﻨﳌا قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻢﻜﺣ

١٠٠

ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ طﺎﺸﻧ ﰲ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ :

ﺐﻧﺎﺟ ﰲ

ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ...

...

١١٣

ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا تﺎﻴﻟﻵا :لوﻷا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ﺎﻬـﻣﺎﻈﺘﻧا ىﺪﻣو قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻠﻟ

...

١١٣

ﻊﻠﺴﻟا تﺎﲝاﺮﻣ ﰲ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا :ﱐﺎﺜﻟا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ...

١١٦

ﺪﺳ ﰲ ءﻼﻤﻌﻟا ﻊﻴﺠﺸﺘﻟ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا :ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ا

ﻢ�ﻮـﻳد د ...

١١٧

فﺮﺼﻣ ىﺪﻟ رﺎﻤﺜﺘﺳﻻا ﻰﻠﻋ ءﻼﻤﻌﻟا ﲔﻜﻤﺘﻟ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا :ﻊﺑاﺮﻟا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا

ـ ﺎﻫﲑﻏو ﺔﻳرﺎﻤﺜﺘﺳﻻا ﻖﻳدﺎﻨﺼﻟا ﰲ ـ ...

١١٩

:ﺲﻣﺎﳋا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ّﺳﻮﺗ ىﺪﻣ

ﺼﻣ ةﺮﻈﻧ ﰲ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻊ فﺮ

ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا ...

١١٩

ﻟا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ﻰﻠﻋ مﻮﻘﺗ ﺔﻨﻤﻴﻬﳌا ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﻞﻳﻮﲤ ﺔﻐﻴﺼﻛ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا رﺎﺒﺘﻋا :سدﺎﺴ

ﻎﻴﺼﻟا ﻊﻴﲨ ﺮﺧﻷا

...

...

١٢١

ﻟا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ّﺸﻟا ﻪﺟوأ :ﻊﺑﺎﺴ

ﻼﺘﺧﻻاو ﻪﺒ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟا ىﺪﻟ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﲔﺑ ف

ىﺪﻟ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا و

ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ ...

...

١٢٢

ﻞﺼﻔﻟا :ﺲﻣﺎﺨﻟا

ﻊﻴﺑ ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا

و ﺗﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺐﻧﺎﺟ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا

،مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ

يﺰﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟا ...

...

...

١٢٥

:لوﻷا ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ِﻌﻟا مﻮﻬﻔﻣ

ْـﻴ َﻨﺔ ...

...

١٢٥

ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا

ﻩرﻮﺻ ﺔﻓﺎﻜﺑ ﺔﻨﻴِﻌﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﻢﻜﺣ : ...

١٣٠

ﺚﺤﺒﻤﻟا ﻊﺑاﺮﻟا

تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ: ﰲ ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا

طﺎﺸﻧ ﺐﻧﺎﺟ ﰲ مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا

ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ...

...

١٤٠

ﺎﻬـﻣﺎﻈﺘﻧا ىﺪﻣو ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا تﺎﻴﻟﻵا :لوﻷا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ...

١٤٠

ّﺸﻟا ﻪﺟوأ :ﱐﺎﺜﻟا ﺐﻠﻄﳌا ﻼﺘﺧﻻاو ﻪﺒ

ﻰﻣاﺪﻘﻟا ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟا ىﺪﻟ ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا ﲔﺑ ف

ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟاو ﰲ مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ ...

...

١٤٢

ك

(12)

ﺺﺨﻠﻣ ﰲ ﺔﻔﻗﻮﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻠﻟ ﱐﻮﻧﺎﻘﻟا رﺎﻃﻹا

ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﻣ ﰲ ...

١٤٧

ﺔﻤﺗﺎﺨﻟا ﻪﺗﺎﻴﺻﻮﺗو ﺚﺤﺒﻟا ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻧ :

...

...

١٤٩

ﺤﺒﻟا ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻧ :ًﻻوأ ﺚ

...

...

١٤٩

اﱰﻗﻹاو ،تﺎﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟا :ًﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ تﺎﺣ

...

...

١٥١

ردﺎﺼﻤﻟاو ﻊﺟاﺮﻤﻟا ...

...

١٥٢

ﻖﺣﻼﻤﻟا ...

...

...

١٦٦

ل

(13)

لواﺪﺠﻟا ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

لوﺪﳉا ﺔﺤﻔﺼﻟا

١ ١ . ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟا قرﻮّﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺒﻟ

ﻲﻬﻘﻔﻟا

٣٤

٢,١ ﺔﻴﻓﺮﺼﳌا ﺔﻨﻴِﻌﻟا ﻊﻴﺒﻟ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟا

٣٥

٣,١ ءاﺮﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﻣﻶﻟ ﺔﲝاﺮﻤﻠﻟ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟا

٤٠

٤,١ ةرﺎﺟﻺﻟ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟا ﻚﻴﻠﻤﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﻬﺘﻨﳌا

٤٤

٥,١ ﺔﺼﻗﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﺔﻛرﺎﺸﳌا ﻊﻴﺒﻟ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟا

٤٨

ﻢﻈﻨﳌا قرﻮّﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺒﻟ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟا ٦,٤

١١٢

٧,٤ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟا قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا تﺎﻴﻟﻵ

ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ ﰲ

١١٥

٨,٤ ﺔﻌﻠﺴﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﻞﶈ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟا

١٣٤

١,٥ قرﻮﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟ مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ

١٤٦

م

(14)

ﻦﻴﻧاﻮﻘﻟا ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ

ﻚﻨﺒﻟا نﻮﻧﺎﻗ يﺰﻛﺮﳌا

يﺰﻴﻟﺎﳌا ١٩٥٨

.

) (CBT

.

نﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻴﻓﺮﺼﳌا ﺔ

١٩٨٣

).

IBA .(

ﻞﻓﺎﻜﺘﻟا مﺎﻈﻧ نﻮﻧﺎﻗ ١٩٨٤

.

نﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳌاو ﺔﻴﻓﺮﺼﳌا ﺔﺴﺳﺆﳌا ١٩٨٩

.( BAFIA).

نﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺗ ﳌا ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳌا تﺎﺴﺳﺆ ٢٠٠٢

. (DFIA).

نﻮﻧﺎﻗ ا ﻲﻣﻮﻜﺣ رﺎﻤﺜﺘﺳ .

نﻮﻧﺎﻗ لﺎﳌا سأر قﻮﺳ ﻂﻄﳐ ٢٠٠٧

. .(CMSA)

نﻮﻧﺎﻗ دﻮﻘﻌﻟا ١٩٥٠ .

ﱐﺎﻴﺒﻟا ﻢﺳﺮﻟا كﻼﺘﻣا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟ

ضرﻷا ﰲ

ﻟا دﻼﺒ ١٩٦٥ .

نﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻟا تﺎﻛﺮﺸ ١٩٦٥

.

نﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻟا ﻢﺳﺮ ﻢﺘﳋا .

ﲔﻧاﻮﻗ ﻟا ﻳﺮﻀ ﺔﺒ .

ﺔﻴﺋاﺮﺟﻹا ﲔﻧاﻮﻘﻟا .

ن

(15)

LIST OF TABLES

Page No.

. No

Table

١.١ Illustration of classical tawarruq ٣٤ ١.٢ Illustration of bay’ ‘inah ٣٥ ١.٣ Illustration of bay’ murabahah ٤٠ ١.٤ Illustration of bay’ ijarah ٤٤ ١.٥ Illustration of bay’ musharakah ٤٨ ٤.٦ Illustration of organized tawarruq ١١٢ ٤.٧ Structure of tawarruq in Bank Al Rajhi ١١٥ ٤.٨ Illustration of concessions that belong to Bank Al Rajhi in execution

tawarruq sale. ١٣٤ ٥.١ Organized tawarruq concept in Bank Islam Malaysia ١٤٦

س

(16)

LIST OF STATUTES

Central Bank Act –CBT-١٩٥٨ Islamic Banking Act ١٩٨٣ . Stamp Act ١٩٤٩

Takaful Act ١٩٨٤.

Contracts Act ١٩٥٠.

Banking and Financial Institutions Act ١٩٨٩ (BAFIA).

Companies Act ١٩٦٥.

Development Financial Institutions Act - DFIA- ٢٠٠٢.

Government Investment Act.

Capital Market Scheme Act -CMSA ٢٠٠٧.

National Land Code ١٩٦٥.

Taxation Laws.

Procedural Laws.

ع

(17)

فوﺮﺤﻟا

ء ع ،

ب b غ gh

ت t ف f

ث th ق q

ج j ك k

ح Í ل l

خ kh م m

د d ن n

ذ dh ـھ h

ر r و w

ز z ي y

س s ــــــَ a

ش sh ــــــِ i

ص Î ــــــُ u

ض Ì ا+ــــــَ ā

ط Ï ْي + ــــــِ ī

ظ Ð ْو + ــــــُ ū

ف

(18)

لوﻷا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا ﻟا ﻞﺼﻔﻟا يﺪﻴﻬﻤﺘ

ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻤﻟا :

ﳌﺎﻌﻟا بر ﷲ ﺪﻤﳊا ﻪـﻤﻌﻧ ﻢﻴـﻈﻋو ﻪـﻟﻼﲜ ﻖﻴﻠﻳ ًاﺪﲪ ﲔ

: يذ ﺮـﻣأ ﻞـﻛ ﺢﺘﻔﺘـﺴﻳ ﻩﺪـﻤﲝ يﺬـﻟا

ﺮــﺳ ﺎــﳌ ﻢﻬــﺿاﺮﻏأ ﻖــﻓو ﻰــﻠﻋ ﻻ ﻪــﺗدارإ و ﻪــﻤﻠﻋ ﻖــﻓو ﻰــﻠﻋ ﻢﻫﺮــﺴﻴﻣو ،ءﺎــﺷ ﺎــﳌ ﻖــﻠﳋا ﻖﻟﺎــﺧ،لﺎﺑ ﺐــﻳﺮﻗ ﻢﻬﻨــﻤﻓ ﻦﻳﺪــﺠﻨﻟا ﻢﻫاﺪــﻫو ،ﺪﻴﻌــﺳو ﻲﻘــﺷ ﻢﻬﻨــﻤﻓ ،ﲔﺘــﻀﺒﻘﻟا ﻰــﻀﺘﻘﲟ ﻢﻬﻓّﺮــﺼﻣو ،ءﺎــﺳو ــﻠﻋ لﺪــﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﻢــﻬﻗازرأ رﺪــﻗ ﺎــﻤﻛ ،ﻲــﻘﺗو ٌﺮﺟﺎــﻔﻓ ﲔﻣﺎــﳍﻹا لﻮــﺒﻗ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﻢﻬﻳﻮــﺴﻣو ،ﺪــﻴﻌﺑو ﻢــﻜﺣ ﻰ

ﲏﻏو ﲑﻘﻔﻓ ﲔﻓﺮﻄﻟا

١

:ﺪﻌـﺑو ﺔﳊﺎــﺻ ﻪﺘﻋﺮــﺷ نأو ،ﺎــﻬﻠﻛ نﺎــﻳدﻷا ﻰــﻠﻋ ﷲا ﻩﺮــﻬﻇأ يﺬــﻟا ﻖــﳊا ﻦﻳﺪــﻟا ﻮــﻫ مﻼــﺳﻹا نإ

ﻖــــﻳﺮﻃ ﺔﻳﺮـــﺸﺒﻠﻟ ﲔـــﺑو ،ﺚـــﺋﺎﺒﳋا ﺎـــﻨﻴﻠﻋ مﺮـــﺣو تﺎــــﺒﻴﻄﻟا ﻪـــﻴﻓ ﺎـــﻨﻟ ﷲا ﻞـــﺣأ ،نﺎـــﻜﻣو نﺎـــﻣز ﻞـــﻜﻟ ــﺗﻬﻻﺎﳎ ﻞــﻛ ﰲ ﺎﺗﻬدﺎﻌــﺳ تﻼﻣﺎــﻌﳌاو كﻮﻠــﺴﻟاو شﺎــﻌﳌا ﰲ ،ﺎ

كﱰــﻳ ﱂو ،...

ﻪﻠــﺼﻓ ﻞــﺑ ًﺎــﺜﺒﻋ ﺮــﻣﻷا

ﺒﻋ ﱀﺎﺻ ﰲ ًاﲑﺧ نﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﲟ ﻢﻠﻋأ ﻪﻧﻷ ،ماﺮﳊاو لﻼﳊا ﲔﺒﻓ ،ﻂﺑاﻮﺿو ﺪﻋاﻮﻗ ﻦﻤﺿ،ًﻼﻴﺼﻔﺗ ﺎ

.ﻩد

ﺔــﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟا تﺎــﺳارﺪﻟا ﻞــﻇ ﰲ ثﺎــﲝﺄﺑ نوﺮــﺻﺎﻌﳌا نﻮﺜﺣﺎــﺒﻟا ﲎــﺘﻋا ،ﺔــﻴﻟﺎﳌا قﻮــﺴﻟا ﻲﻣﺎــﻨﺗ ﻞــﻇ ﻲــﻔﻓ ﳌا لﺎــﳎ ﰲ حﺎــﺑرﻷا تﺎــﻧﻮﻨﻜﻣ ﺢﻴــﺿﻮﺗ ﱃإ فﺪــﺗﻬ ﺔــﻗﻮﻣﺮﻣو ﺔــﻣﺎﻫ ﺔــﻧﺎﻜﻣ ﻞــﺘﲢ ﺔﻴﻓﺮــﺼﳌا تﻼﻣﺎــﻌ

،ﺐـﺘﻜﻟا تﺎـﻬﻣأ ﰲ ءﺎـﻤﻠﻌﻟا ﻪـﻧود ﺎـﻣو ةﺮـﻬﻄﳌا ﺔـﻳﻮﺒﻨﻟا ﺔﻨـﺴﻟاو ﱘﺮـﻜﻟا نآﺮﻘﻟا صﻮﺼﻨﺑ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا .ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳌا تﺎﺴﺳﺆﳌاو ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا تﺎﻛﺮﺸﻟاو تﺎﺌﻴﳍا ﰲ ﻪﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ

۱

،ﱯﻃﺎﺸﻟا قﺎﺤﺳا ﰊأ ﻰﺳﻮﻣ ﻦﺑ ﻢﻴﻫاﺮﺑإ مﺎﺼﺘﻋﻻا

توﲑﺑ) يدﺎﳍا ﺪﺒﻋ ﷲا ﺪﺒﻋ ضﺎﻳر :ﺎﻬﺳرﺎﻬﻓ ّﺪﻋأ ، -

راد :نﺎﻨﺒﻟ

ﰊﺮﻌﻟا ثاﱰﻟا ءﺎﻴﺣإ ت.د ،

ج .(

١ ص ، ١١ .

(19)

ﻻ ﱵﻟا ﺔﻳدﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻓﺮﺼﳌا ﻒﺋﺎﻇﻮﻟا يدﺆﺗ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻣ تﺎﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا نأ ﻚﺷ ﻻ

دﺎﺼﺘﻗﻼﻟ ﲎﻏ ﻰﻤﺴﻳ ﺎﻣ ﱃإ ءﻮﺠﻠﻟا نود ﻦﻣو ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ئدﺎﺒﳌا سﺎﺳأ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻦﻜﻟو ،ﺎﻬﻨﻋ

ةﺪﺋﺎﻔﻟﺎﺑ

؛ًءﺎﻄﻋ وأ ًاﺬﺧأ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟا ﺪﻋاﻮﻘﺑ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﳌا ﻪﺗﻼﻣﺎﻌﻣو ﻪﻃﺎﺸﻧ ﻲﺣاﻮﻧ ﰲ ماﺰﺘﻟﻻا ﻮﻫو

ﺾﺋﺎﻔﻟا بﺎﻌﻴﺘﺳاو ،ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا تﺎﻌﻤﺘﻟﻤﺠا ﰲ ﻞﻓﺎﻜﺘﻟاو ﺔﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ ءﺎﻘﺗرﻻا فﺪﺑﻬ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺑ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻠﻟ ﱄﺎﳌا ،ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﻊﻤﺘﻟﻤﺠا ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻣ ءﺎﻐﺘﺑا ﰲ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟا ﺪﺻﺎﻘﲟ ماﺰﺘﻟﻻاو ،لﻼﺣ ﻞﻜﺸ

ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑو ،ﺔﻨﻜﻤﳌا تﺎﻣاﺪﺨﺘﺳﻻا ﻞﻀﻓأ ﱃإ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻣ دراﻮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻳﺪﻟ ﺎﻣ ﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﰒ ﻦﻣو كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﺖﻌﻄﻗ ﺪﻘﻟو ،ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻔﻟﺎﳐ ﺔﻄﺸﻧأ ّيأ ﻞﻳﻮﲤ وأ رﺎﻤﺜﺘﺳﻻا مﺪﻌﺑ مﺰﺘﻠﻳ ﻟوأ ﺔﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ،ﺔﻳﻮﺑﺮﻟا ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﺐﻧﺎﲜ ﺎﻬﺘﱠﻠِﻗ ﻢﻏر روﺪﻟا اﺬﻫ مﺎﲤإ ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﰲ ﺔﻴ

ﻩﺬﻫ ﻞﻤﻌﺗ نأ قﻼﻃﻹا ﻰﻠﻋ ًادراو ﻦﻜﻳ ﱂ ﺚﻴﺣ ﰊﺮﻐﻟا ﱂﺎﻌﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻲﻠﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺎﻬﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﺎﻨﺛرو ﱵﻟاو ﻦﻣ رﱢﺮﺤَﺘُﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﰲﺮﺼﻣ مﺎﻈﻧ رﺎﻜﺘﺑا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻐﻟا ىﻮﻘﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ناﺪﻠﺒﻟا ﻞﺟﻷ ةﺪﺋﺎﻔﻟا

٢.

و ﱴﺣ ﰲ ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﺐﻧﺎﺟ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺴﻓﺎﻨﳌا ﺔﻬﺟاﻮﻣ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹا فﺮﺼﳌا ﻊﻴﻄﺘﺴﻳ

ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﳚ ﻚﻟﺬﻟو ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﳌا ﻢﻬﻌﻳرﺎﺸﳌ مزﻼﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻢﳍ ﺮﻓﻮﻳ نأ ﺪﺑﻻ ﻦﻳﺮﻤﺜﺘﺴﳌا باﺬﺘﺟا ﻰﻌﺴﻳ نأ فﺮﺼﳌا ﻻا ﻎﻴﺼﻟا دﺎﳚﻹ

ﻦﻜﻤﺘﻳ ﱵﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻳرﺎﻤﺜﺘﺳ ﻞﻳﻮﲤ ﻦﻣ ﺎﳍﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ

ﻻا تﺎﻋوﺮﺸﳌا ا ﺔﻳرﺎﻤﺜﺘﺳ

.ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟا مﺎﻜﺣأ ﻊﻣ ضرﺎﻌﺘﻳ ﻻ ﺎﲟ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﳌ ٣

:ﻲﻠﻳ ﺎﻣ ﱃإ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا دﻮﺟو ﺔﻴﳘأ ﻊﺟﺮﺗو

ًﻻوأ ﺎﳚإ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا تﺎﻌﻤﺘﻟﻤﺠا ﺔﺒﻏر ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺗ : ﻦﻋ ﺪﻴﻌﺑ ﰲﺮﺼﳌا ﻞﻣﺎﻌﺘﻠﻟ تاﻮﻨﻗ د

.ةﺪﺋﺎﻔﻟا رﺎﻌﺳأ ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا ًﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ ﻪﻘﻓ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟ لﺎﳎ دﺎﳚإ : .ﺔﻴﻓﺮﺼﳌا ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷا ﰲ تﻼﻣﺎﻌﳌا

ًﺎﺜﻟﺎﺛ .ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹا دﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا ﺲﺳﻷ ﻲﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﺪﻌﺗ : ٤

ﻣ..ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻷا ﻚﻨﺒﻟا٢

ﺎﻳرﻮﺳ ﰲ ًﺎﺒﻳﺮﻗو ؟ﻮﻫ ﻮﻳﺎﻣ ﺢﻔﺼﺘﻟا ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ.

١ ، ٢٠٠٨ ، ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ :

http://www.akhawia.net/archive/index.php/t-٦٢٩٥١.html >d .

ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﺔﻴﻫﺎﻣ۳

، ﻮﻳﺎﻣ ﺢﻔﺼﺘﻟا ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ ١

، ٢٠٠٨ ، ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ :

http://www.badlah.com/page-٤٨.html

.ﻪﺴﻔﻧ رﺪﺼﳌا٤

٢

(20)

ﻴﻟإ ﺔﺟﺎﳊا ﻲﻄﻐﺗ ةدﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺷ ًﺎﻐﻴﺻ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻠﻟ نأ مﻮﻠﻌﳌا ﻦﻣو تﺎﻛرﺎﺸﳌا دﻮﻘﻋ ﻞﺜﻣ ﻪ

ﻹﺎﺑ ﺔﲝاﺮﳌا عﻮﻴﺑو عﺎﻨﺼﺘﺳﻻا دﻮﻘﻋو ﻢﻠﺴﻟا عﻮﻴﺑو ﲑﺟﺄﺘﻟاو عﻮﻴﺑ ﱃإ ﺔﻓﺎﺿ

ﺔﻐﻴﺻ ّيﺄﻓ قرﻮﺘﻟا

.ﺎﻬﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا زﻮﳚ ؛ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸﻟا ﻎﻴﺼﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ

٥

ﻮﻫ يﺬﻟا ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ًﻻﺎﺜﻣ ﺬﺧﺄﻧ ةﺮﻜﻔﻟا لﺎﺼﻳﻹو حﺎﻀﻳﻹا ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﻤﻠﻟو ا ﻚﻨﺒﻟا مﺎﻴﻗ ﻹ

،ﻲﻘﻴﻘﳊا ﺮﻌﺴﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻰﻠﻋأ لﺪﻌﲟ ﺮﻌﺴﻟا ﻢﻴﻴﻘﺘﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻴﻗ ﰒ ،ءاﺮﺸﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ ﻲﻣﻼﺳ

ﺒﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻴﻗ ﰒ ﻦﻣ و ﻊﻴ

ﻰﻠﻋﻷا) ﺪﻳﺪﳉا ﺮﻌﺴﻟﺎﺑ دﺮﻔﻠﻟ ﺮﻛذ نوﺪﺑ و طﺎﺴﻗأ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻦﻜﻟو (

.ةﺪﺋﺎﻔﻟا ﻰﻤﺴﻣ

٦

نوﲑﺜﻜﻟا صﺮﳛ يﺬﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ عﻮﻨﻟا اﺬﻫ

- ﺪﻤﳊا ﷲو -

ةزﺎﳎ نﻮﻜﺗ نأ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺔﻴﻧآﺮﻘﻟا ﺔﻳﻵا ﺺﻧ ﺐﺴﺣ ًﺎﻋﺮﺷ مﺮﶈا ﺎﺑﺮﻟا ﻦﻋ دﺎﻌﺘﺑﻻا فﺪﺑﻬ ًﺎﻋﺮﺷ

:

و﴿

ﱠﻞَﺣَأَ◌

ُﻪﱠﻠﻟا َﻊْﻴَـﺒْﻟا

َمﱠﺮَﺣَو ﺎَﺑﱢﺮﻟا -

ﺎﻬﻨﻣ ﱵﻟاو ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﻪﻘﻔﻟا ﰲ دﻮﻘﻌﻟا ﻦﻣ عﻮﻧﺄﺑ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﺎﻬﻳﺮﲡ

ﱠـﺘﻟا َﻮ ﱡر ﰲ ﺎﳍﺎﻜﺷأ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﲟ ﺔﻴﻠﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا تﺎﺴﺳﺆﳌا ﻦﻣ ًادﺪﻋ ﺲّﲪ يﺬﻟا ﺮﻣﻷا ،ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟاو ق ﻊﻣ ﺔﻘﻓاﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳإ ﻎﻴﺻ ﱃإ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺸﻟا ضوﺮﻘﻠﻟ ﺎﺗﻬﺎﺠﺘﻨﻣ ﺮﻳﻮﲢ ﱃإ ﺔﻴﺿﺎﳌا ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻘﻟا تاﻮﻨﺴﻟا

ﺎﻜﺣأ .ﺎﻬﻳرﺎﺸﺘﺴﻣو تﺎﺴﺳﺆﳌا ﻚﻠﺗ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸﻟا تﺎﺌﻴﳍا ءﺎﻀﻋأ ﺔﻘﻓاﻮﻣ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟا م

٧

،ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺐﻟﺎﻃو لﻮﻤﳌا ﲔﺑ ﺔﻴﻘﻳﻮﺴﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺐﻠﻃو ضﺮﻋ ﺔﻃﺎﺴﺒﺑ ﺔﻟﺄﺴﳌا نذإ

ﺪﻴﺼﻘﻟا ﺖﻴﺑ اﺬﻫو ـ ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻟو -

ﺔﻈﺤﻠﻟ ﺎﻧﺮﻜﻓ ﻞﻫ .ﻞﻴﺼﻔﺗ ﱃإ جﺎﺘﲢ

ةدﺎﻳﺰﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻔﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺪﻤﺘﻌﻳ يﺬﻟاو ﻞﻜﺸﻟا اﺬﺑﻬو ﺢﺿاو ﱐآﺮﻗ ﺺﻨﺑ ﺎﺑﺮﻟا ﱘﺮﲢ فﺪﺑﻬ ةﺪﺣاو ﻟا ﻞﻫو !؟ﻖﺣ ﻪﺟو ﲑﻐﺑ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻞﻤﻌﺗ ﱵﻟا ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸﻟا تﺎﺌﻴﳍا تﺎﻔﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺐﺴﺣ ﺔﻠﻳﺪﺒﻟا ﻎﻴﺼ

ﺎﺑﺮﻟا ﱘﺮﲢ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻤﻜﳊاو فﺪﳍا اﺬﻫ ﺖﻘﻘﺣ لﺰﻌﻨﻣ

؟

٨.

ﻊﻴﻨﳌا نﺎﻤﻴﻠﺳ ﻦﺑ ﷲا ﺪﺒﻋ٥

ةﺮﺻﺎﻌﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا تﺎﺟﺎﻴﺘﺣﻻا ءﻮﺿ ﻲﻓ قرﻮﺘﻠﻟ ﻲﻬﻘﻔﻟا ﻞﻴﺻﺄﺘﻟا ، ،

ﺔﻠﳎ ثﻮﺤﺒﻟا

ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ، نﻮﻌﺒﺴﻟاو ﱐﺎﺜﻟا دﺪﻌﻟا -

ﺔﻨﺴﻟ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺜﻟا ىدﺎﲨ ﱃإ لوﻷا ﻊﻴﺑر ﻦﻣ : راﺪﺻﻹا ١٤٢٥

ـﻫ.

كرﺎﺒﳌا ﷲا ﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﺑ ﻞﻴﺒﻧ ٦

ﺔﻤﻠﺳأ ﻦﻜﻤﻳ ﻞﻫ ،

؟(ةﺮﻓﺎﻜﻟا ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﺳأﺮﻟا) ،

ﺔﻴﻧوﱰﻜﻟﻻا ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا ﺔﻔﻴﺤﺻ بﺎّـﺘـُﻛ-

ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا

ﺪﺣﻷا

، ٢٨ ﺔﺠﳊا وذ ١٤٢٨

ﻖﻓاﻮﳌا ـﻫ

٠٦/٠١/٢٠٠٨

م - - دﺪﻌﻟا ٥٢٠٠ . ﻮﻳﺎﻣ ﺢﻔﺼﺘﻟا ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ ١

،

٢٠٠٨ ، ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ :

http://www.elaph.com/ElaphWeb/NewsPapers/٢٠٠٦/١٠/١٨٧٥٥٣.htm .

.ﻪﺴﻔﻧ رﺪﺼﳌا ٧

.ﻪﺴﻔﻧ رﺪﺼﳌا۸

٣

(21)

"ﻮﻫ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ نإ ﺚﻴﺣو اﺬﻫ

َﻣ تﺎَﻘْـﻴِﺒْﻄَﺗو ئِدﺎَﺒ ﻞْﻳِﻮْﻤﱠﺘﻠِﻟ

ﻲِﺼْﺨﱠﺸﻟا :

"

ﻦﻴﺑ ﺔﻧرﺎﻘﻣ ﺔﺳارد فﺮﺼﻣ

ﻲِﺤِﺟاﱠﺮﻟا ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﻤﺑ

و مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ يﺰﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟا

"

.

ﺎﺑﻬ لﻮَﻤﺘَﻳ ﱵﻟا دﻮﻘﻌﻟا ﻰﻠﻋﺮﺼﺘﻗﺄﺳ ﱐﺈﻓ ُفﺮﺼﻣ

نﺈﻓ اﺬﻫو ًﺎﻴﺼﺨﺷ ًﻼﻳﻮﲤ ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ

ﻊﻴﺑ ﺔﻄﺳاﻮﺑ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟﺎﺑ مﻮﻘﻳ ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا

ﻟ ًﺎﻓﻼﺧ مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺒ

ﻪﻧﺈﻓ يﺰﻴﻟﺎﳌا ﻳ

مﻮﻘ

ﻮﺑ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟﺎﺑ نأ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ،ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﺔﻄﺳا

ﻻ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺼﺘﻘﻳ ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ

.ﲑﻏ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا اﺬﻫ ﻲﻣاﺮﻣ كرﺪﻳ نأ ﺔﻟﺎﺠُﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﻟ ﲎﺴﺘﻳ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌا ﻩﺬﳍ ﺮﻇﺎﻨﻟا نإ ﻪﻴﻠﻌﻓ

ﻊﻴﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺰﻛﺮﻤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻦﻣ ﻩدﺎﻌﺑأو قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا

ﻪﻳﺮﳚ يﺬﻟا ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺪﻟا ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺘﻟا ﻊﻣ ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ

رﺎﻘﻣ ﻊﻣ ةﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌا تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟا راﺮﻏ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻪﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌا ﻊﻴﺒﺑ ﻪﺘﻧ

ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا ﰲ :

“ يﺰﻴﻟﺎﳌا ،مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ

” .

ﻰﻠﻋ بﺎﺒﺼﻧﻻا ﺐﻧﺎﺟ ﱃإ اﺬﻫ ﻮﻫ يﺬﻟا ﺚﺤﺒﻟا اﺬﳍ ﺔﻳواﺰﻟا ﺮﺠﺣ

تﺎَﻘْـﻴِﺒْﻄَﺗو ئِدﺎَﺒَﻣ :

ﻞْﻳِﻮْﻤﱠﺘﻠِﻟ ﻲِﺼْﺨﱠﺸﻟا

ﻊﻴﺑ ﺖﺼﺼﺧ ﱐﺄﺑ ًﺎﻤﻠﻋ.

قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا عاﻮﻧأ تادﺮﻔﳌ ﻩرﻮﻠﺒﺗو ﻪﺘﻌﺴﻟ ﺮﻛﺬﻟﺎﺑ

ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺐﻧﺎﳉا ﰲ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳌا تﻼﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟا ﱂﺎﻌﻟا لﻮﺣ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﻦﻣ ٍﲑﺜﻛ ﰲ

ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹا .

ﻪﺘﻴﲰ ﺪﻗو -

ﺖﻔﻠﺳأ ﺎﻤﻛ -

"

تﺎَﻘْـﻴِﺒْﻄَﺗو ئِدﺎَﺒَﻣ ﻞْﻳِﻮْﻤﱠﺘﻠِﻟ

ﻲِﺼْﺨﱠﺸﻟا

" : ﺔﺳارد

ﻦﻴﺑ ﺔﻧرﺎﻘﻣ فﺮﺼﻣ

ﻲِﺤِﺟاﱠﺮﻟا ﻚﻨﺑو ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﻤﺑ

مﻼﺳإ ."يﺰﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟا و

نأ لﺄﺳأ ﷲا ﻪﺑ ﻊﻔﻨﻳ

، ﻪﻧإ

و ﻚﻟذ ﱄو .ﲔﻌﲨأ ﻪﺒﺤﺻو ﻪﻟآ ﻰﻠﻋو ﺪﻤﳏ ﺎﻧﺪﻴﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﱠﻢُﻬّﻠﻟا ﻞﺻو .ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ردﺎﻘﻟا

٤

(22)

:ﺚﺤﺒﻟا فاﺪﻫأ فاﺪﻫأ زﱪﺗ اﺬﻫ

ﺚﺤﺒﻟا :ﻲﻠﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ

١ - ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺣ نﺎﻴﺑ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا

ﺔﻳﻮﻐﻠﻟا ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻄّﺘﻟاو ،ﺔﻴﺣﻼﻄﺻﻻاو

ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻪﺗﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ اﺬﻛو ،ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘّﺘﻟاو ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا

ﺔﻣﺎﻋ ﺔﻔﺼﺑ .

ﺔﻳﺮﻫﻮﳉا قوﺮﻔﻟا نﺎﺴﻧﻹا فﺮﻌﻳ نأ ﺔﻣﺎﳍا رﻮﻣﻷا ﻦﻣ ﻪﻧإ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻲﻛ

فﺮﻌﻳ ءاﺮﺟإ لﻼﺧ

.ﺄﻄﳋا ﻦﻣ باﻮﺼﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا

٢ - ﻒﺸﻛ ﺔﻣزﻼﻟا رﻮﻣﻷا ﻖﺋﺎﻘﺣ

ﰲ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﰲ ًﺔﺻﺎﺧ

و ﻣﺎﻌﳌا ﻩﺬﻫ ﰲ لﻮﺧﺪﻟا نﺎﺴﻧﻹا ةدارإ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا ﻠﺔ

.

٣ - ﺔﺳارد تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﱠﺘﻟا

ﱠﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤ ﻲﺼﺨ

ﰲ ّﺮﻟا فﺮﺼﻣ و ﻲﺤﺟا

ﺔﻔﺼﺑ يﺰﻴﻟﺎﳌا ،مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ

.ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﺪﻋاﻮﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻫﺮﻫﻮﺟ ﺔﻣﺪﳋا ﻩﺬﻫ ﺪﻤﺘﺴﺗ

ﺎﻬﻨﺒﺗ ﱵﻟا فرﺎﺼﳌا

ﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔ،

مﻼﺳإ ﻚﻨﺑ ﰲ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻟا وأ ﻲﺤﺟاﺮﻟا ﰲ قرﻮﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ـﻛ .

ﺚﺤﺒﻟا ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻣ

:

،ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺷ ﲑﻏ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﺑ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا يﺮﲡ ﺔﻳرﺎﺠﺘﻟا ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﻦﻣ ًاﲑﺜﻛ نأ مﻮﻠﻌﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﻦﻣ ﲑﻔﻐﻟا ّﻢﳉا ﻦﻫاﺮﻟا ﺮﺼﻌﻟا ﰲ ﺪﺟُو ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﱵﻟا ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا كﻮﻨﺒﻟا ﰲ ﱴﺣو

ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳإ ﺬﻓاﻮﻧ ﺎﳍ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟا ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻳ ﺎﻣ ﻮﳓ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا اﺬﻫ ﻞﺜﲤ

ﰲ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟاو ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا لﺎﺧدﻷ ًﺔﺻﺎﺧ ،ﻊﺳاو فﻼﺘﺧا ﱃإ ىّدأ ﺎﳑ تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟا ﰲ فﻼﺧ دﻮﺟو ﻫ ﺎﺴﺗا ﰲ ﺔﺜﻋﺎﺑ ﺔﻠﻜﺸﻣ ﻩﺬﻫ نأ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟا ﱪﺘﻋا ﻪﻴﻠﻌﻓ .ﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﻩﺬ ﺔﻘﺗﻮُﺒﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ ﺔﻌﻗُر ع

ﺎﻤﻴﻛ ،

.ﻊﲨأ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﲑﺴﺗ نأ ﻲﻐﺒﻨﻳ يﺬﻟا ﻞﺜﻣﻷا ﻖﻳﺮﻄﻟا ﺢﻀﺘﻳ

:ﺚﺤﺒﻟا تﺎﻴﺿﺮﻓ إ

ن قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻊﻴﺑ ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا لﺎﳎ ﰲ ﲤ ٍﺔﻐﻴﺼﻛﺮﻬﻇ

،ىﺮﺧﻷا ﻎﻴﺼﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻨﻤﻴﻬﳌا ٍﺔﻴﻠﻳﻮ

.ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟا ﺪﻋاﻮﻗ ﻊﻣ ﻖﻔﺘﻳ يﺬﻟا

ﻦﻋ ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟا تﺎﺳارﺪﻟا عﻮﺿﻮﻤﻟا

:

٥

(23)

ﻲﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ

تﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﳌا ةﺪﻳﺪﳉا

ﱡﺖـَُﲤ ﱵـﻟاو ﺔـﺳارﺪﻟﺎﺑ نوﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌا ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟا ﺎﳍوﺎﻨﺗ ﱵﻟا

تادﺮـﻔﳌ ﻢﻫﱪـﺳ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ ﻚﻟذو،ﺔﻠﺼﺑ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﰲ ةﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌا تﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟا ﺐﻧﺎﺟ ﱃإ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟا رﺎﺷأ نأ ﻖﺒﺳ ﺪﻗ.مﻮﻴﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا فرﺎﺼﳌا ﰲ ﺎﻬﺋاﺮﺟا ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛو ﺔﻟﺄﺴﳌا ﻦﻋ ﻪﺜﻳﺪﺣ

ﺔـﻴﻟﺎﻣ ﺔـﻠﻣﺎﻌﻣ ﺔـّﻳ ِﻷ ﻂﺒـﻀﻨﻣ ﻲـﻬﻘﻓ ﻢـﻜﳊ لﻮـﺻﻮﻟا ﰲ ﻞـﺻﻷا نأ ﻦﻣ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا تﺎﻴﺿﺮﻓ ةﺮـﺻﺎﻌﻣ

ًﺎـﻴﻬﻘﻓ ﺎـﻬﻔﻴﻴﻜﺗ ﲎـﺴﺘﻳ ﱴـﺣ ،ﺔـﻠﻣﺎﻌﳌا ﻩﺬـﻫ دﺎـﻌﺑﻷ مﺎـﺘﻟا ﻢـﻬﻔﻟا ﰲ ًﻻوأ ﻖﻘﺤﺘﻳ ﺔﺤﻴﺤـﺻ ةرﻮـﺼﺑ

.

ﲔﺜﺣﺎــﺒﻟاو ،ءﺎــﻬﻘﻔﻟاو ءﺎــﻤﻠﻌﻟا ﺾـﻌﺑ ﺎــﺑﻬ مﺎــﻗ ﱵـﻟا تﺎــﺳارﺪﻟا ﺾــﻌﺑ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﻒـﻗو ﺪــﻗ ﺚــﺣﺎﺒﻟا نﺈـﻓ .ﺎـﻬﳘأ ﺮﻛﺬـﺑ ﻲـﻔﺘﻜﻧ ،ًﺎـﺛﻮﲝو ًﺎـﺒﺘﻛ ﻚـﻟذ ﰲ اﻮـﺒﺘﻜﻓ ﻲـﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻞـﻳﻮﻤﺘﻟا ﻦﻋ ﻢﻜﳊا ﰲ ﻦﻳﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌا

ﰐﻵا ﻮﺤﻨﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﻚﻟذ نﺎﻴﺑ ﻚﻴﻟإو :

،ﺮﻈﻨﻠﻟ ﺖﻔﻠﳌا ﻦﻤ قرﻮـﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻤـﺴﺗ نأ

ـﺑﻬ ﻢـﺳﻻا اﺬ

، و ﱄﺎـﺘﻟﺎﺑ يدﺮـﻓ ﱃإ قرﻮـﺘﻟا ﻢﻴـﺴﻘﺗ

ﰲﺮﺼﻣو

، دﺮﻳ ﱂ ﺪﻨﻋ ءﺎﻬﻘﻓ ﻟا ﻰﻣاﺪﻘ ﻛ ﻲﻬﻘﻓ ﺢﻠﻄﺼﻤ فوﺮﻌﳌا

ﻞﺑ ،ﻢِﻬِﻠَﺒِﻗ ﻦِﻣ ﻪﻟﺎﻤﻌﺘـﺳا ىﺮـﺟ

،ﻢﻠﻌﻟا ﻞﻫأ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻫﲑﻏ نود ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊا ءﺎﻬﻘﻓ ﺔﻨﺴﻟأ ﻰﻠﻋ و٩

ﻞﺟﺆﻣ ﻦﻤﺜﺑ ﺔﻌﻠﺳ يﱰﺸﻳ نأ :ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻣ

،

ﺮﺧﻵ ﺎﻬﻌﻴﺒﻳ ﰒ ﺎﻬﻌﺋﺎﺑ ﲑﻏ

ًاﺪﻘﻧ

، ﺪـﻘﻨﻟا ﻰـﻠﻋ لﻮـﺼﳊا ﰲ ﻪﺘﺒﻏﺮﻟ لﺎﳊا ﺎﻬﻨﲦ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺤﻴﻟ نﺈـﻓ ،

:ﻲــﻬﻓ لوﻷا ﺎــﻬﻌﺋﺎﺑ ﺲــﻔﻧ ﱃإ ﺎــﻬﻋﺎﺑ ِﻌﻟا

ْـﻴــَﻨ نإ ﺎــﻣأ ،

ﻲــﻬﻓ ﺚــﻟﺎﺛ فﺮــﻃ ﱃإ ﺎــﻬﻋﺎﺑ :

قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا

.

قرﻮـﺘﻟا ﻊــﻴﺑ ﱃإ ترﺎـﺷأ ﱵـﻟا ﺔــﳝﺪﻘﻟا ﺐـﺘﻜﻟا ﻦـﻣو ﺔـﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟا ﺔـﻴﺣﺎﻨﻟا ﻦــﻣ

ﻞﻴــﺼﻔﺗ ﲑـﻏ ﻦــﻣ

:ﺔﻟﺄﺴﳌا تاﺮﻔﳌ "

ّم ُﻷا

"١٠

ﶈ،

ﺪﻤ ﻦﺑ ﺲـﻳردإ ﻲﻌﻓﺎـﺸﻟا

. ﻓ ﻪـﻧﺈ قرﻮـﺘﻟا ﺮﻛﺬـﻳ ﱂ ـﺑﻬ

ةﺮـﺷﺎﺒﻣ ﻢـﺳﻻا اﺬ

قرﻮــﺘﻟا ﺔــﻴﻠﻤﻋ نﻮﻤــﻀﻣ ﺮــﻛذ ﻦــﻜﻟو ﰲ

ﺎــﺟﻵا ﻊــﻴﺑ بﺎــﺑ ﺖــﲢ عﻮــﻴﺒﻟا بﺎــﺘﻛ ل

ﻚﻟﺬــﻛو .

:بﺎــﺘﻛ

"

عوﺮـــﻔﻟا "١١

ﺦﻴـــﺸﻠﻟ ، ﺪـــﻤﳏ

ﻦـــﺑ ﺢـــﻠﻔﻣ . ﺔﻟﺄـــﺴﻣ بﺎـــﺘﻜﻟا اﺬـــﻫ ﰲ ﺮـــﻛذ قﱡرَﻮـــﱠـﺘﻟا

ﻞﺋﺎـــﺴﻣ ﻦﻤـــﺿ

ِﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا ﰲ ﻪﺜﻳﺪﺣ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻚﻟذو ﺔﻴﻓﻼﳋا و

لﺎﻣ ﱃإ ﺔﻣﺮﳊا ﰲ اﺬﻫ ﻊﻴﺒﻟا .

۹

ﺔﻴﺘﻳﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟا ﺔﻋﻮﺳﻮﻤﻟا :ط ،ﺖﻳﻮﻜﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا نوﺆﺸﻟاو فﺎﻗوﻷا ةرازو :ﺖﻳﻮﻜﻟا) ،

٢ ، ١٤٠٨ ـﻫ -

١٩٨٨ ج (م ١٤ ص ، ١٤٨ .

۱۰

ﺪﻤﳏ ﻦﺑ

،ﻲﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟا ﺲﻳردإ مﻷا

، ﺞﻳﺮﲣ :ﻖﻴﻠﻌﺗو دﻮﻤﳏ :توﲑﺑ )،ﻲﺟﺮﻄﻣ راد

ﺐﺘﻜﻟا

،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟا ١٤١٣ ـﻫ ١٩٩٣

ج . ٣ ص ، ٩ .

ا ﺪﻤﳏ ۱۱

ﻦﺑ ﺢﻠﻔﻣ

، ﷲا ﺪﺒﻋ ﰊأ ﻲﺳﺪﻘﳌا ﻦﻳﺪﻟا ﺲﴰ عوﺮﻔﻟا بﺎﺘﻛ

) :ط،ﺐﺘﻜﻟا ﱂﺎﻋ :توﲑﺑ ٤

، ١٤٠٥ ـﻫ -

١٩٨٥ ج ( م ٤ ص،

١٧١ .

٦

(24)

ًﺎــﻀﻳأ و

"بﺎــﺘﻛ عﻮــﺿﻮﳌا اﺬــﻫ ﱃإ قﺮــﻄﺗ فﺎــﺸﻛ

عﺎــﻨﻘﻟا ﻦــﻋ ﻦﺘــﻣ عﺎــﻨﻗﻹا ،"١٢

ﺦﻴــﺸﻠﻟ

ﺚﻴﺣ.ﰐﻮُﻬﺒﻟا ﺲﻳردإ ﻦﺑ ﺲﻧﻮﻳ ﻦﺑ رﻮﺼﻨﻣ زاﻮﺟ ﱃإ بﺎﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺐﻫذ

قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا .

ﻪـــﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﰲ ﺔـــﻴﻤﻴﺗ ﻦـــﺑا مﻼـــﺳﻹا ﺦﻴـــﺷ رﺎـــﺷأ اﺬـــﻛو

"

عﻮـــﻤﺠﻣ ىوﺎـــﺘﻓ

"١٣

عﻮـــﺻﻮﳌا اﺬـــﻫ ﱃإ

، و ﺮﻛذ

ﺔﻟﺄﺴﻣ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻦﻋ ﻪﺜﻳﺪﺣ ﺪﻨﻋ ِﱘِﺮَْﲢ

ِﻞَﻴِْﳊا ﺐﻫذو عﻮﻴﺒﻟا ﰲ ﱃإ

مﺪﻋ ﻮﺟ ا زﻩ ﻦـﻣ ﺪـﺼﻘﻟا نﻷ ؛

ﺔﻌﻠـــﺴﻟا نأو ةﺪـــﺋاز ﻢﻫارﺪـــﺑ ﻢـــﻫارد ءاﺮـــﺷ ﱃإ لوﺆـــﻳ ﻪـــﻧإ ﺚـــﻴﺣ ﺪـــﻘﻨﻟا ﻰـــﻠﻋ لﻮـــﺼﳊا ﻪـــﺑ ﻞـــﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟا ةدﻮﺼﻘﻣ ﲑﻏ ﺔﻄﺳاو .

ﺔــــــﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟا ﻩﺬــــــﻫ ﱃإ رﺎــــــﺷأو ًﺎــــــﻀﻳأ

ﻢﻴــــــﻗ ﻦــــــﺑا

" ﻪــــــﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﰲ بر ﻦــــــﻋ ﻦﻴﻌﻗﻮــــــﻤﻟا مﻼــــــﻋإ

ﻦﻴﻤﻟﺎــﻌﻟا

"١٤

ﺔﻟﺄــﺴﻣ بﺎــﺘﻜﻟا اﺬــﻫ ﰲ ﺮـﻛذ ، قﱡرَﻮــﱠـﺘﻟا

ﺪــﻨﻋ ﻚــﻟذو ﺎــﻬﳝﺮﲢ ﱃإ ﺐـﻫذو ﻦــﻋ ﻪــﺜﻳﺪﺣ

ﻪــﲪر ﺔــﻴﻤﻴﺗ ﻦـﺑا مﻼــﺳﻹا ﺦﻴــﺷ ﻪـﻴﻟإ ﺐــﻫذ ﺎــﲟ ﲑـﺧﻷا ﰲ ﻪــﻟﻮﻗ ًاﺪــﻳﺆﻣ ﺎـﻤﻬﻨﻴﺑ قﺮــﻔﻟا نﺎــﻴﺑو ِﺔـَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا ﷲا . ﺮﺧآ ﻊﺿﻮﻣ ﰲ ﷲا ﻪﲪر لﺎﻗو :

ﺔﻟﺄﺴﻤﻛ ﻮﻫ

ﺔَﻨْـﻴِﻌﻟا ﺎﺑﺮﻟا ﱃإ ﺔﻠﻴﺳو ﺬﺨﺘﻳ اﺬﻫ نﻷو ءاﻮﺳ

ـﻫأ.

و ﺐﺘﻜﻟا ﺎﻣأو ﷲا ﻪﻨﻜﻣ ﱵﻟا ﺔﺜﻳﺪﳊا ثﻮﺤﺒﻟا

ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻠﻟ ﰐﻵﺎﻛ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ فﻮﻗﻮﻟا

:

لوﺎﻨﺗ بﺎﺘﻛ

،

"

ﻞﺋﺎﺳرو ىوﺎﺘﻓ

"١٥

ﻠﻟ ، ﻢﻴﻫاﺮﺑإ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻤﳏ ﺦﻴﺸ .

ﱃإ قﺮﻄﺗ عﻮﺿﻮﻣ اﺬﻫ

ﺎًﺑاﻮﺟ

ﻢﻜﺣ ﻦﻋ ﻪﻟﺄﺳ ﻦﳌ ﻪﻨﻣ قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا

ﻓ لﺎﻘ : ﺔﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻰﻤﺴﺗ ﺔﻟﺄﺴﳌا ﻩﺬﻫ

قﱡرَﻮﱠـﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ رﻮﻬﺸﳌاو

ﺎﻫزاﻮﺟ ﺐﻫﺬﳌا -

ﺮﻛذ نأ ﺪﻌﺑ لﺎﻗ ﰒ لﻮﻗ

زاﻮﳉا ﰲ ﻒﻟﺎﺧ ﻦﻣ -

ﺐﻫﺬﳌا ﻦﻣ رﻮﻬﺸﳌاو

باﻮﺼﻟا ﻮﻫو ﺎﻫزاﻮﺟ .

ﻂﻘﻓ ﺔﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟا ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻟﺄﺴﳌا ﻩﺬﻫ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻠﻜﺗ و

ﻪﻨﻜﻟ ﺮﻛﺬﻳ ﱂ

ﺮﻔﳌ ﻞﻴﺻﺎﻔﺗ .قرﻮﺘﻟا تاد

ﺲﻳردإ ﻦﺑ ﺲﻧﻮﻳ ﻦﺑ رﻮﺼﻨﻣ ۱۲

،ﰐﻮُﻬﺒﻟا فﺎﺸﻛ عﺎﻨﻘﻟا ﻦﻋ ﻦﺘﻣ عﺎﻨﻗﻹا ) ، :توﲑﺑ

،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟا ﺐﺘﻜﻟا راد ١٤١٨

ـﻫ -

١٩٩٧ ج .(

٣ ص ، ١٨٦ .

ﺪﲪأ ﻦﻳﺪﻟا ﻲﻘﺗ ۱۳

ﻦﺑ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﺗ

،ﱐاﺮﳊا عﻮﻤﺠﻣ ىوﺎﺘﻓ ) ، م.د : :ط ،ﻊﻳزﻮﺘﻟاو ﺮﺸﻨﻟاو ﺔﻋﺎﺒﻄﻠﻟ ءﺎﻓﻮﻟا راد ٢

، ١٤١٩ ـﻫ -

١٩٩٨ ج .( م ١٥ ص ، ١٩ .

۱٤

ﺮﻜﺑ ﰊأ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻤﳏ ﺔﻳزﻮﳉا ﻢﻴﻗ ﻦﺑ

ﷲا ﺪﺒﻋ ﻮﺑأ ﻦﻴﻤﻟﺎﻌﻟا بر ﻦﻋ ﻦﻴﻌﻗﻮﻤﻟا مﻼﻋإ ،

: ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﺪﻌﺳ فوءﺮﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ﻪﻃ

)

،ﻞﻴﳉا راد :توﲑﺑ ١٩٧٣

ج.(م ٣ ص ، ٢٢ .

۱٥

ﻢﻴﻫاﺮﺑإ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻤﳏ ﻞﺋﺎﺳرو ىوﺎﺘﻓ ،

توﲑﺑ) ، - :ط ،ﺪﻴﻠﺠﺘﻠﻟ يزار ﺔﺴﺳﺆﻣ :نﺎﻨﺒﻟ ٢

ج(ت.د،

٧ ص،

٦١ - ٦٢

٧

Rujukan

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