REDICTIVE MODELING INTERNAL FAULTS OF POWER TRANSFORMER
This thesis is presented in partial fulfillment for the award of the Bachelor of Electrical Engineering (Hons)
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
SABRINI BINTI ABU HASSAN
BACHELOR (HONS) IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PULAU PINANG
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah S.W.T the Most Gracious, Ever Merciful who has given me the strength and ability to complete this project and report. I would like to take this opportunity to extend my heartfelt appreciation to this following persons whose have contributed directly or indirectly towards the completion of the study.
I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my project supervisor Cik Noor Azila Binti Ismail for his valuable guidance, comments and ideas towards the success of this project. I really appreciate the discussions, professional advises and inspirations.
My gratitude also goes to my family who had given me moral support especially my father, Abu Hassan Bin Abd. Ghani and my mother, Sabariah Binti Mohd. Yusoff.
Thank also to all my brother and sisters.
Last but not less, I would like to thank to my best friends, Mohd Irawan, Ismalily, Malisa, Jamilah, Farida, Ismawati and my entire classmate for their encouragement towards the success of this thesis and prayed for my success.
Thank you and I wishes you all the best.
ABSTRACT
This thesis presents the predictive modeling internal faults of power transformer with respect to the impact of the failure to the transformer. The successful development of this thesis is based on simulations using PSCAD/EMTDC software.
Firstly a model of single phase distribution transformer with internal winding short circuit faults was design by using PSCAD/EMTDC software. The types of winding faults are considered is tum-to-ground fault. The flux leakages of winding are used as the phase variables. The flux leakage variation is obtained from equation [1 ]-[3]
covering the full operation range of the transformer with the winding short circuit faults.
Then after design the transformer, source will be applied to the transformer and the simulator tool allows varying of the transformer for the purpose of evaluating the behavior of the transformer under the tum-to-ground fault. By having the simulator tool, transformer analysis can be simulated for any type of configuration without having to perform laboratory experiments. For that purpose, this thesis presents the development of the transformer model using digital simulation software.
The purpose of this project is to design the dynamic models of the behavior transformer in distribution power system network and examine power transformers through impact of the failure by designing a model that can be used to perform a simulation using the software, PSCAD.
According to the title, “Predictive Modeling of Power Transformers,” the impact of the failure will predicted after the complete design tested in the PSCAD software. The result of this test will be showed on computer when PSCAD run the simulation of the transformer.
This test is very useful because in a real distribution system cannot be tested because it will damage the equipment and the transformer. Due to higher cost of transformer, so that this thesis will help to reduce the cost in the power system by do the testing using computer software to predict the impact of the faults of the transformer when
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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DECLARATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF FIGURES ix
LIST OF TABLE x
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Principles of Power Systems 1
1.2 Primary Distribution Systems 2
1.3 Power Transformer 2
1.4 Objective of Thesis 4
1.5 Scope of Work 4
1.6 Thesis Outline 5
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Literature Review on Power System Modeling 6
2.2 Literature Review on Modeling of Power Transformer 7 2.3 Literature Review on Modeling of Power Transformer with Fault 8 2.4 Literature Review on On-line Condition Monitoring of Transformer 9
CHAPTER 3: METHADOLOGY
3.1 Introduction of PSCAD/EMTDC software 11
3.2 The General Principle of Transformer 13
3.2.1 Ideal Power Equation 14
3.3. Power Transformer Model 16
3.4 Power Transformer Model with Internal Fault 17
3.5 Measurement on Practical Transformer Model 18
3.6 Transformer Generator Custom Model 19
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Principles of Power Systems
An understanding of basic design principles is essential in the operation of electric power systems [4]; figure 1.1 shows a one-line diagram of a typical electrical power generation, transmission, and distribution system.
Figure 1.1: Typical Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution System.
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