UNIVERSITI T E K N O L O G I MARA
COMPARISON STUDY O F R U G O S I T Y M O D E L L I N G R E S U L T I N G E R O M E L E D E R M A U S , BENTHIC T E R R A I N M O D E L E R AND C O R A L D E T E C T I O N M O D E L D E R I V E D F R O M A L G O R I T H M TOPOGRAPHIC POSITION INDEX
MUHAMMAD AEIQ BIN R O S L I
Thesis submitted in fulfillment O f the requirements for degree o f Bachelor in Surveying Scienee and Geomaties
(Hons)
Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying
J A N U A R Y 2018
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A U T H O R ' S D E C L A R A T I O N
I declare that the work in this dissertation was carried out i n accordance w i t h the regulations o f Universiti Teknologi M A R A . It is original and is the results o f m y o w n work, unless otherwise indicated or acknowledged as referenced work. This topic has not been submitted to any other academic institution or non-academic institution for any degree or qualification.
In the event that m y dissertation be found to violate the conditions mentioned above, I voluntarily waive the right o f conferment o f m y degree and agree be subjected to the disciplinary rules and regulations o f Universiti Teknologi M A R A .
Name o f Student Candidate l . D . N o . Programme
Faculty
Thesis/Dissertation Title
Signature o f Student Date
Muhammad A f i q b i n Rosli 2014453838
Bachelor o f Surveying Scienee and Geomaties (Hons) Architecture, Planning & Surveying
Comparison Study o f Rugosity Modelling Resulting from QPS Fledermaus, Benthic Terrain Modeller and Coral Detection Model Derived from A l g o r i t h m Topographic Position Index
January 2018
Approved by:
I certify that I have examined the student's work and found that they are i n accordance w i t h the rules and regulations o f the Department and University and fulfills the requirements for the award o f the Degree o f Bachelor i n Surveying Scienee and Geomaties (Hons).
Name o f Supervisor : En. Mnhd^7ninpp 7ninnl^ , "
Signature and Date
A B S T R A C T
Sea coral reefs are very important and erucial for marine life especially fish as it is their habitat and source o f food. The main purpose o f this study is to create the automated tool in A r c G l S toolbox w h i c h is to identify the coral reefs around Pulau Bidong, Terengganu. The data from multibeam w i l l be processed by insert value the sound velocity profile (SVP), insert tide value and patch test calibration value filtered using QPS Qimera, then get the bathymetry profile. While QPS Fledermaus that w i l l produee by compute rugosity. Rugosity is to differentiate between corals and sand. A l l o f these data then w i l l be exported into ArcGIS for producing Digital Elevation Model ( D E M ) and make a results and analysis based on QPS Fledermaus model, BTM-Terrain Ruggedness ( V R M ) model and Coral Detection model. So, the result o f this research shows on all three model w h i c h is profile detect the rugosity for the area to identify coral reefs. It is show the results given from QPS Fledermaus and Coral Detection o f the accuracy is 55% similar o f coral representation, and also the BTM-Terrain Ruggedness ( V R M ) and Coral Detection o f the accuracy is similar 5 1 % o f coral representation. The total area covered by coral reefs based on QPS Fledermaus is 2685.208 m^ and for BTM-Terrain Ruggedness ( V R M ) is 15914.485 m f So that, the Coral Detection M o d e l can identify more coral reefs area that covered is 19033.338 m^.
As a conclusion. Coral Detection tool derived from Topographic Position Index can be used based on similar coral representation to detect coral reefs because the result o f shape that show very dense and clear.
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T A B L E O F C O N T E N T
Item Page
A B S T R A C T i A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S ii
T A B L E O F C O N T E N T iii L I S T O F T A B L E S vii L I S T O F F I G U R E S viii L I S T O F A P P E N D I X xii L I S T O F A B B R E V I A T I O N S xiii
C H A P T E R I 1 I N T R O D U C T I O N 1 1.1 I N T R O D U C T I O N 1
1.2 R E S E A R C H B A C K G R O U N D I 1.3 P R O B L E M S T A T E M E N T 3
1.4 A I M 4 1.5 OBJECTIVES 4
1.6 R E S E A R C H QUESTIONS 5
1.7 S T U D Y A R E A 6 1.8 M E T H O D O L O G Y 7 1.9 THESIS O U T L I N E 8
C H A P T E R 2 10 L I T E R A T U R E R E V I E W 10
2.1 I N T R O D U C T I O N 10 2.2 H Y D R O G R A P H Y S U R V E Y 10
2.3 C O R A L REEF 11 2.3.1 Soft Coral Reef 12
2.3.2 Hard Coral Reef 13 i i i
3.5.3 Sound Velocity Profile (SVP) 42 3.5.4 Process for Patch Test Calibration 43
3.5.5 Bathymetry Data Filtering 45 3.5.6 QPS Fledermaus (Data Visualization) 46
3.5.6.1 Interpolation 46 3.5.6.2 Compute Rugosity 47
3.5.7 ArcGIS 10.4 49 3.5.7.1 M i n i m u m 50 3.5.7.2 M a x i m u m 51 3.5.7.3 Smooth (Mean) 52 3.5.7.4 Coral Detection Model 53
3.5.7.2 Benthic Terrain Modeler ( B T M ) 54
3.6 RESULT A N D A N A L Y S I S 55
3.7 S U M M A R Y 56
C H A P T E R 4 57 R E S U L T A N D A N A L Y S I S 57
4.1 I N T R O D U C T I O N 57 4.2 S O U N D V E L O C I T Y PROFILER (SVP) RESULT 57
4.3 C A L I B R A T I O N RESULT 58 4.4 B A T H Y M E T R Y RESULT 59 4.5 R U G O S I T Y RESULT 60 4.6 A C C U R A C Y OF C O R A L REEF R E P R E S E N T A T I O N 61
4.6.1 Fledermaus vs Coral Detection 62 4.6.2 B T M vs Coral Detection 63 4.7 T O T A L A R E A RESULT 64
4.7.1 Total Area for Fledermaus Model 65 4.7.2 Total Area for B T M Model 67 4.7.3 Total Area for Coral Detection Model 69
4.8 C O N C L U S I O N 71
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