International Journal of Social Science Research eISSN: 2710-6276 [Vol. 1 No. 2, December 2019]
http://myjms.moe.gov.my/index.php/ijssr
THE DESIGN AND BUILD OF EXPORTING INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR BANGKA PEPPERS
Eddy Jajang Jaya Atmaja1* and Ghiri Basuki Putra2
1 Faculty of Agriculture, Fishery and Biology, University of Bangka Belitung, Bangka, INDONESIA
2 Faculty of Engineering, University of Bangka Belitung, Bangka, INDONESIA
*Corresponding author: eddyjajangjaya@gmail.com
Article Information:
Article history:
Received date : 5 July 2019 Revised date : 16 July 2019 Accepted date : 9 October 2019 Published date : 17 October 2019
To cite this document:
Atmaja, E., & Putra, G. (2019). THE DESIGN AND BUILD OF
EXPORTING INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR BANGKA PEPPERS.
International Journal Of Social Science Research, 1(1), 8-17.
Abstract: Bangka Belitung (Babel) known since a long time ago as tin and white paper exported of the world prior to Vietnam which as paper produce for 200.000 tons a year. Indonesia hold in first position with mostly pepper is come from Bangka Belitung (Babel). Usually all paper from Bangka freight to Singapore (transit harbour) to Pangkalbalam, then had been used mother vessel or big ship from Singapore to Europe and United States. Now, Bangka Belitung first frights paper from Tanjungpriok (Jakarta) harbour to Singapore and other countries. The Exported chains appeared many implications, and many freight fee or cost from Bangka to Jakarta, Warehousing and others. From case, this journal focussed to design information system that design to give detail information about the export progress from arrivals and departures data from and to Pangkalbalam, Pangkalpinang harbours, Tanjungpriok (Jakarta) and Port of Singapore Authority (PSA), freight, ware housing cost and containers (20 feet even 40 feet). Information system will build by System Development Life Cycle method that is one of a development method for software development that usually use by many people for build information system. The system information build using PHP and contain information about peppers, port, schedule, ship, export mechanism and procedure and etc. For information, shipping operators or ship owners, tend to follow Basic Principal servant or ship follow trade (Ship comes for trading goods) not Trade follow the ship. This reality as based shipping has big spaces as goods place. In this
1. Introduction
To achieve the glory of Bangka’s pepper (Pipper ningrum L), as achieved by the Bangka Belitung Archipelago Province from 1987 to 2002, has recently become an important issue in the policy of rebuilding the smallholder plantation sub-sector in the 31st province of 34 provinces in Indonesia.
The issue of regaining glory or the golden age of pepper - both pepper production and exports in various countries - has gotten and "stolen" the attention of various parties, especially the media (press), business people, farmers and other stakeholders.
Because the price of pepper at the farmer level which continues to "sag" to penetrate below Rp.
60,000 per kilogram, makes the peasants nervous about, considering the loss will whack them because the cost of one kilogram of pepper production is not far from the prevailing selling price.
Not to mention the availability of fertile land for planting pepper on Bangka Island has diminished, this has resulted in the relaxation of tin mining regulations in early 2000 significantly reducing pepper areas on Bangka Island (IPC, 2017).
Pepper and tin, an important part of the history, economic and 'destiny' journey for Bangka Island and Belitong Island; long since before the Dutch colonial era until now. Erwiza Erman (2007: 100) calls these two commodities to be the leading export, but both show different conjunctures in terms of price.
Prices of pepper and tin often fluctuate and take different directions from each other in periods of deflation and inflation. Thee (1975, in Heidhues, 1992: 106) found a price phenomenon that is 'opposite' between pepper and tin on Bangka Island. When the price of tin fell, at that time pepper prices improved and rise.
Because of that, according to Thee, although in the early 1950s the frightening "jaundice" attacked pepper plants (this pepper disease had once spread in Malaya and Riau), when prices rose in the following decade turning all Bangka Islands into pepper plantations.
Heidhues (1992: 219) noted statistics about smallholder farmers showed that pepper planting continued to expand until the 1980s. There were around 6,100 hectares of land planted with pepper in 1970/71, 12,000 hectares in 1983 and over 20,000 hectares in 1984/85.
As known as the "King of Spice", Peppers, are the most important spice plants in international trade, and occupy approximately about one third of the total volume and value of spice trade globally (IPC, 2014).
context, Shipper brig those paper to big harbour which ship anchored.
Keywords: Pepper, Exporting, Information System, Port.
Suhirman (2017) in his paper entitled "Returning Indonesian Pepper Glory by Gernas Lada", stated in the past - before being defeated by Vietnam - 80 percent of the world's pepper needs were met by Indonesia. At that time Indonesia was known as the number one pepper producer in the world.
Citing data from the International Pepper Community published in 2016, Wiratno (2017), staff of the Agriculture Research and Development Agency of the Ministry of Agriculture, in his paper entitled "Product Innovation in an Effort to Increase Indonesian Pepper Competitiveness", explained one of Vietnam's advantages is crop productivity the price is big.
It was stated, from the area of pepper plants in Vietnam covering an area of 5,700 hectares, capable of producing 130,000 tons of pepper, or with productivity of 2,280.70 kilograms per hectare.
Vietnam exported its pepper to 133,650 metric tons or contributed 32.8 percent. While Indonesia has a pepper plantation area of 116,000 hectares, produces 77,000 tons of pepper, or productivity of each hectare of 663.79 kilograms. Of the total production, 58,075 metric tons were exported and accounted for 14.3 percent of the total export contribution from six world pepper producers (Vietnam, Indonesia, India, Brazil, Malaysia and Sri Lanka). See Table 1.
Table 1. World Pepper Production and Productivity Performance Country Area
(ha)
Production(t )
Productivit y (kg/ha)
Export(MT )
Value(US$000 )
Price/M T (US$000)
Contributio n (%) Vietnam 57000 130000 2280.70 133650 1277000 9.55 32.8 Indonesi
a
11600 0
77000 663.79 58075 548190 9.44 14.3
India 20000 0
65000 325.00 28000 300000 10.71 6.9
Brazil 20000 41500 2075.00 38034 347685 9.14 9.3
Malaysia 16300 22500 1380.37 13624 133042 9.77 3.3
Sri Lanka
32400 27155 838.12 16660 143618 8.62 4.1
Source: International Pepper Community, 2016
In Indonesia, the Bangka Belitung Archipelago Province ranks first as the largest pepper producer among the other four regions, also known as pepper producers, as shown in Table 2. Bangka Belitung produces white pepper, while Lampung produces black pepper.
Table 2. Area and Pepper Production Area by Province in 2017 in Indonesia
No. Province Area (Ha) Production (Ton) Percentage (%)
1. Bangka Belitung 48.695 32.352 38,9
2. Lampung 44.794 14.830 17,8
3. Sulawesi Selatan 14.407 5.181 6,2
4. Sumatera Selatan 11.366 8.855 10,6
5. Kalimantan Timur 9.699 7.046 8,4
Total 128.961 82.964 81,99
Source: Direktorat Jenderal Perkebunan, 2018,Indonesia
The glory day of pepper from Bangka Belitung occurred in the period 1987 to 2002, with production reaching 80 to 97 percent, or 62,000 tons per year from the total production of Indonesian pepper. Even according to Chatijah (2019: 2) white pepper becomes an export commodity with the aim of the United States, Singapore, Europe, Japan and other countries. The
highest export of Bangka white pepper occurred in 2002 at 42,190 tons. After that Bangka pepper exports dropped significantly.
Figure 1. Graph of Realization of Exports of White Pepper in 1991-2013
The prospect of the pepper and domestic consumption export market is still open and tends to increase coupled with the name pepper from Bangka Belitung which has been known for a long time. Indonesian pepper farmers are professional in pepper cultivation, experts for pepper commodities are quite large, and the availability of technology and infrastructure in pepper centers is quite good.
With the success of the target to achieve the success of this pepper, it is certain that pepper production from Bangka and Belitung Islands is increasing again, which of course pepper exports are also expected to increase to exceed the peak of the pepper season in 1987-2002. The availability of large amounts of pepper will certainly create trade and demand from other countries so that the ocean going ships will come to Bangka and Belitung Islands. As is known in the world of sea transportation known as the credo of the ship follow trade (ships will come when there is trade);
not the opposite, namely the trade follow the ship.
With the increase in pepper production and the amount of pepper exports expected to increase, the role of ports is important in this case the port of Pangkalbalam, Pangkalpinang. Pangkalbalam Port must provide the best service and the best prices in the pepper export process so that it can provide benefits for exporters and pepper farmers
Pangkalbalam Port is located in the city of Pangkalpinang, is the lifeblood and economic knot on the island. The port under the auspices of the State-Owned Enterprise PT Pelabuhan II is the entrance and exit of products to and from Bangka Island,
30,641 30,111
17,382
18,459 20,035 17,052
21,122
16,570 23,872
34,256 29,637
42,190
20,000 8,916
10,236 6,501
6,821 5,109 2,709
6,166 6,735 38,859
34,989 34,344 50,022
69,835 55,665
118,377
97,377 140,676
117,529
60,078 60,030
43,000
12,23017,937 18,143
30,242 24,761
10,881 33,394
55,246
0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
VOLUME VALUE
Hinterland Pangkalbalam Port has the potential to produce mining, agricultural and agro-industrial products. The main commodities are tin, kaolin, quartz sand, granite, rubber, palm oil, and pepper.
Starting as a small port that only serves motorized boats and sailboats, at present the port has been equipped with a 254 m long dock, stacking facilities covering 6,320 m2 and a passenger terminal with an area of 400 m2, and a parking area of 4,510 m2.
Equipped with container yards, ocean going vessels carry exported and imported goods from and to this port, as can be seen in Table 3.
Table 3. Ocean Going Data for Pangkalbalam Port Branch, 2015-June 2019
Year Type of Goods Unit IMPORT EXPORT Quantity Port
Origin/Destination 2015 CONTAINER BOX 1.708 2.162 3.870 SINGAPURA
2016 CONTAINER BOX 1.694 2.425 4.119 SINGAPURA BATU BARA TON/M³ 7.567 7.567 VIETNAM 2017 CONTAINER BOX 1.698 2.904 4.602 SINGAPURA
BATU BARA TON/M³ 7.683 7.683 VIETNAM 2018 CONTAINER BOX 1.986 2.962 4.948 SINGAPURA
BATU BARA TON/M³ 17.935 17.935 VIETNAM 2019 CONTAINER BOX 122 713 835 SINGAPURA BATU BARA TON/M³ 1.759 1.759 VIETNAM
TOTAL 42.152 11.166 53.318 Source: Pelabuhan II Pangkalbalam, 2019.
The role of ports in the export-import process is very important, because it regulates the ship's traffic that will deliver goods. For Bangka, the export-import port is the port of Pangkalbalam Pangkalpinang, which is the main port in the process of shipping goods both nationally and internationally.
One of the products from Bangka which is often exported is Bangka pepper, besides tin and rubber beams because Bangka pepper has been known for its quality since ancient times. Bangka pepper export data is needed to help the government and farmers in getting information about the export value of Bangka pepper every year that is sent through the port of the base of Pangkalpinang.
Therefore, the information system for pepper exports in the port of Pangkal Balam is important to use because it can facilitate the provision of information relating to pepper exports, ranging from the number of exports, shipping schedules, ships used, shipping destinations, delivery times and others.
This information system will provide convenience in the regulation and supervision of pepper export data that will come out from the port of origin, and can provide information on pepper exports to those who need it through the Internet network. This system will also provide information on the port of Pangkalbalam that is related to the export and import process.
2. Literature Review
The main products of pepper traded in the world (internationally) are the famous white pepper from Bangka Belitung and black pepper. White pepper and black pepper actually come from the same pepper fruit. White pepper is processed from the pepper that has been ripe on the tree, harvested, and peeled, and dried. Whereas black pepper is the fruit of a pepper plant that is harvested before the fruit ripens and is still green, and immediately dried without exfoliation.
Bangka Belitung is the largest producer of white pepper in Indonesia where the production of Bangka Belitung white pepper is around 80-97 percent of the total white pepper production that exists in Indonesia. Historically Bangka Belitung's white pepper has dominated the market until the end of the 90s, reaching 60-80 percent of the world market . White pepper from Bangka Belitung itself has been widely known in the world pepper market by the name of Muntok White Pepper.
Exports are the sale of goods abroad using the payment system, quality, quantity and other sales conditions that have been approved by the exporter and importer. Export demand is the amount of goods / services requested to be exported from a country to another country. The export process in general is the action to issue goods or commodities from within the country to enter them into other countries.
Malian (2003) explains that factors that influence exports can be seen from the supply and demand side. On the demand side, exports are influenced by export prices, real exchange rates, income and devaluation policies. While from the supply side, exports are influenced by export prices, domestic prices, real exchange rates, production capacity that can be produced through investment, import of raw materials and deregulation policies.
"Port" as a transportation infrastructure the sea is one of the nodes of the chain for the smooth operation of sea freight and land. So in general the port is an area of water that is protected against storm / wave / current, so the ship can rotate (turning basin), lean / anchor, such that loading and unloading goods and transferring passengers can implemented, in order to support these piers or waves functions, roads, warehouses, lighting facilities, telecommunications and so on, so that functions transfer of cargo from / to ships leaning in the port to their next destination can be done
Information system is a collection of hardware and computer software and human devices that will process data using the hardware and software. In addition, data also plays an important role in information systems. Data to be included in an information system can be in the form, procedures and other forms of data.
Information System (SI) is purpose to help in managerial decisions on adoption of new innovative and way to face a number of challenges in the future. The process to build the information system usually involve many user that have relation and will use the system that will help and make of more efficient and effective. Investments for information system in new area have varied levels of difficulty as newer innovative information system that offer improved performance may also offer a high of successful development
3. Design of Information System
In this section, will be design the interface of information system of pepper export that can be used by exporter, port of pangkalbalam and community.
Figure 2: Main Interface of Information System
In figure 2, we can see the menu about Ship Data, Schedule ETA, Pepper Export and Facility that available in Pangkalbalam Port. In this figure, will give information about anything that relative to pepper export from Bangka.
Figure 3: Interface of Ship Route
Figure 3 show one of ship route from Pangkalbalam, Pangkalpinang to Singapore to give estimated time arrived to Singapore Port or Pangkalbalam Port. In addition to Singapore there are also other routes to Jakarta and others according to the route provided by Pangkalbalam, Pangkalpinang
Figure 4: Interface of Location of Pangkalbalam Port
Figure 4 show location of Pangkalbalam Port Pangkalpinang and some facilities that available at the port
Figure 5: Interface of Data Ship In Pangkalbalam Port
Figure 5 show the type of ship that available at Pangkalbalam Port and the schedule of each ship.
4. Conclusion
The export and import information system from and to the newly designed Pangkalbalam Port, can provide economic and technical benefits for all parties related to exports and imports, both those in the Bangka Belitung Islands and in a number of regions and countries export destination.
On the other hand, it is technically possible to synergize with the system or other applications in transit ports, such as the Port of Singapore Authority (PSA) have been around for a long time operate Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), so that loading and unloading of goods is faster carried out and produced a high level of efficiency for each ship that arrived and anchored at the port of the Pangkalbalam, Pangkalpinang.
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