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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SAFETY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND SAFETY COMPLIANCE BEHAVIOR

AMONG LABORATORY PERSONNEL IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

NURUL FATIN BINTI MD RODZI

MASTER OF SCIENCE

(OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT) UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA

JULY 2020

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SAFETY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND SAFETY COMPLIANCE BEHAVIOR

AMONG LABORATORY PERSONNEL IN THE NORTHERN REGION OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA

By

NURUL FATIN BINTI MD RODZI

Thesis Submitted to

School of Business Management, Universiti Utara Malaysia,

in Fulfillment of the Requirement for the

Master of Occupational Safety and Health Management

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i

Permission to Use

In presenting this thesis in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree from Universiti Utara Malaysia, I agree that the Universiti Library may make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for the copying of this thesis in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purpose may be granted by my su- pervisor(s) or, in their absence, by the Dean of School of Business Management. It is understood that any copying or publication or use of this thesis or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission.

It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to Universiti Utara Malaysia for any scholarly use which may be made of any material from my thesis.

Requests for permission to copy or to make other use of materials in this thesis, in whole or in part, should be addressed to:

Dean of School of Business Management Universiti Utara Malaysia

06010 UUM Sintok

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Abstract

This study aims to determine the relationship between safety management practices and safety compliance behaviour among laboratory personnel in Northern region.

The safety management practices are management commitment, safety training, safety communication and feedback, employees’ involvement, safety rules and procedures and safety promotion policies. The quantitative survey using questionnaires adapted from the previous studies was used in this study. A total of 134 laboratory personnel at five laboratory in Northern region were involved in this study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics via IBM SPSS Statistics.From the study, management commitment, workers involvement, safety training, safety communication and feedback and safety promotion policies were not have significant relationship with safety compliance behaviour among laboratory personnel. Meanwhile, only safety rules and procedure have significant relationship between safety compliance behaviour among laboratory personnel. Finally, managerial and theoretical implications are discussed and recommendations for future researchers.

Keywords: Safety management practices, safety compliance behavior, laboratory personnel.

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Abstrak

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara amalan pengurusan keselamatan dan tingkah laku pematuhan keselamatan di kalangan kakitangan makmal di wilayah Utara. Amalan pengurusan keselamatan adalah komitmen pengurusan, latihan keselamatan, komunikasi keselamatan dan maklum balas, penglibatan pekerja, peraturan dan prosedur keselamatan dan polisi promosi keselamatan. Tinjauan kuantitatif menggunakan soal selidik yang disesuaikan dari kajian sebelumnya digunakan dalam kajian ini. Seramai 134 pegawai makmal di lima makmal di wilayah Utara terlibat dalam kajian ini. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif melalui Statistik IBM SPSS. Dari kajian, komitmen pengurusan, penglibatan pekerja, latihan keselamatan, komunikasi keselamatan dan maklum balas dan dasar promosi keselamatan tidak mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan tingkah laku pematuhan keselamatan di kalangan kakitangan makmal. Sementara itu, hanya peraturan keselamatan dan prosedur mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkah laku pematuhan keselamatan di kalangan kakitangan makmal. Akhirnya, implikasi pengurusan dan teori dibincangkan dan cadangan untuk penyelidik masa depan.

Kata kunci: Amalan pengurusan, pematuhan keselamatan, pekerja makmal.

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Acknowledgements

First and formost, I would like to express my sincere appreciation and thanks for my supervisor, Dr. Zuraida Binti Hassan for her encouragement, guidance, advice, teaching and help throughout this project. I am especially grateful for her assisstance in all the time of research and writing of this thesis.

Additionaly, I would aslo express my gratitude and thanks for College of Business (COB), Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM), Malaysia, for their constructive comments and invaluable suggestion.

To my husband, my mother, brothers, sisters, my children and all my family members, thank you so much for your encouragement and financial support.

Last but not least, I would also like to express my deepest thanks to all my classmates, for their constant encouragement and advice. This thesis would not have been possible without their help and support.

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v

Table of Contents

Permission to Use ... i

Abstract ... ii

Abstrak ... iii

Acknowledgements ... iv

Table of Contents ... v

List of Tables ... viii

List of Figures ... ix

List of Appendices ... x

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION... 1

1.1 Background of the study ... 1

1.3 Research Questions... 7

1.4 Research Objectives ... 7

1.5 Scop of The Study ... 8

1.6 Significance of The Study ... 8

1.7 Definition of Key Term ... 9

1.8 Organization of The Thesis ... 10

1.9 Conclusion ... 11

CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW ... 12

2.1 Safety Compliance Behavior ... 12

2.2 Safety Management Practices ... 13

2.2.1 Management Commitment ... 14

2.2.2 Workers Involvement ... 15

2.2.3 Safety Training ... 15

2.2.4 Safety Communication and Feedback ... 16

2.2.5 Safety Rules and Procedure ... 16

2.2.6 Safety Promotion Policies ... 16

2.3 The Relationship between Safety Compliance Behavior and Safety Management Practice... 17

2.3.1 The Relationship between Safety Compliance Behavior and Management Commitment ... 17

2.3.2 The Relationship between Safety Compliance Behavior and Workers Involvement ... 18

2.3.3 The relationship between Safety Compliance Behavior and Safety Training ... 19

2.3.4 The relationship between Safety Compliance Behavior and Safety Communication and Feedback ... 19

2.3.5 The relationship between Safety Compliance Behavior and Safety rules and Procedure ... 20

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vi

2.3.6 The relationship between Safety Compliance Behavior

and Safety Promotion Policies ... 21

2.4 Underpinning Theory ... 21

2.5 Framework Development ... 22

2.6 Conclusion ... 23

CHAPTER THREE MOTHODOLOGY ... 24

3.1 Research Framework ... 24

3.2 Hypothesis Development ... 25

3.2.1 The Relationship between Safety Compliance Behavior and Safety Management Practice ... 25

3.2.2 The Relationship between Safety Compliance Behaviour and Management Commitment ... 26

3.2.3 The Relationship between Safety Compliance Behaviour and Workers Involvement ... 26

3.2.4 The relationship between Safety Compliance Behaviour and Safety Training ... 27

3.2.5 The relationship between Safety Compliance behaviour and Safety Communication and Feedback ... 28

3.2.6 The relationship between Safety Compliance Behaviour and Safety rules and Procedure ... 29

3.2.7 The relationship between Safety Compliance Behaviour and Safety Promotion Policies ... 29

3.3 Research Design ... 30

3.4 Operational Definition ... 31

3.5 Measurement of Variable ... 32

3.6 Sampling Technique ... 38

3.6.1 Population and Sample ... 38

3.6.2 Sample size ... 38

3.7 Data Collection Procedure ... 39

3.8 Data Analysis Procedure ... 40

3.9 Pilot Test ... 40

3.10 Validity and Reliability ... 41

3.11 Conclusion ... 42

CHAPTER FOUR ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS ... 43

4.1 Introduction ... 43

4.2 Response Rate... 43

4.3 Respondent's Demographic Background ... 44

4.4 Reliability Analysis ... 46

4.5 Descriptive Analysis of Variables ... 47

4.6 Pearson Correlation Analysis ... 49

4.7 Hypothesis Testing ... 51

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vii

4.8 Summary ... 53

CHAPTER FIVE DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ... 54

5.1 Introduction ... 54

5.2 Recapitulation of Result ... 54

5.3 Discussion ... 55

5.3.1 Management Commitment and Safety Compliance Behavior ... 55

5.3.2 Workers Involvement and Safety Compliance Behavior ... 56

5.3.3 Safety Training and Safety Compliance Behavior ... 56

5.3.4 Safety Communication and Feedback and Safety Compliance Behavior ... 57

5.3.5 Safety Rules and Procedure and Safety Compliance Behavior ... 58

5.3.6 Safety Promotion Policies and Safety Compliance Behavior ... 59

5.4 Implication of Study ... 60

5.4.1 Managerial Implications ... 60

5.4.2 Theoretical Implications ... 62

5.5 Limitation of Research ... 63

5.6 Recommendation for Other Researchers ... 64

5.7 Conclusion ... 66

REFERENCES ... 67

APPENDIX A: QUESTIONNAIRE ... 70

APPENDIX B: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS ... 75

APPENDIX C: RELIABILITY ANALYSIS ... 77

APPENDIX D: CORRELATION ANALYSIS ... 79

APPENDIX E: MULTIPLE REGRESSION... 81

APPENDIX F: TURNITIN ... 83

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viii

List of Tables

Table 1.1 Status Report on the Number of Malaysian Laboratories Accredited by Standards

Malaysia as of 31 January 2019 3

Table 3.1 Operational Definition 31

Table 3.2 Measurement of Variables or Instrumentation 32

Table 3.3 Pilot Study 41

Table 4.1 Response Rate 43

Table 4.2 Descriptive Statistics of Participants

Demographic Factors 45

Table 4.3 Reliability Analysis 47

Table 4.4 Descriptive of Variables 48

Table 4.5 Correlation Analysis 50

Table 4.6 Model Summary 51

Table 4.7 Multiple Regression Result on Safety Compliance 52

Table 4.8 Hypotheses Results 52

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ix

List of Figures

Figure 2.1. Research Framework of the present study 23 Figure 3.1 Research Framework of the present study 25 Figure 3.2 The Output of a Priori Power Analysis 39

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x

List of Appendices

Appendix A Questionnaire 70

Appendix B Descriptive Statistics 75

Appendix C Reliability Analysis 77

Appendix D Correlation Analysis 79

Appendix E Multiple Regression 81

Appendix F Turnitin 83

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1

CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION

This chapter outlines the background of the study. Next, the scope and limitations of the study and organization of the project paper will be discussed. In the last part of this chapter, a brief description of the purpose of the remaining chapters is presented, such as the problem statement, research questions, research objectives, and significance of the study.

1.1 Background of the study

In the 21st century, managing occupational safety and health become the main management agenda for the organization in all employment sectors, including the laboratory services sector. This agenda was essential because efficient and effective management related to safety and occupational health in the organization increase the awareness, quality, and safety behavior (Hossain, Tarannum & Chowdhury, 2015). Also, problems and underlying causes related to job insecurity can be recognized effectually (Hon, Chan & Yam, 2014).

Hence, managing occupational safety and health also associated with laboratory services, either in the industrial, health care, scientific research institutions, or universities. Working in the laboratory may cause harm to laboratory personnel due to risky surroundings thus need more attention. Individual work in the laboratory is referred to as laboratory personnel. Laboratory personnel is a person who performs practical hands-on work in laboratories. Laboratory personnel works with a wide variety of fields such as medicine, biology, chemistry, electronics, geology, and the environment.

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67

REFERENCES

Baizura Zubir, Fazidah Saad, Wan Faradiana Wan Maidin, & Mohd Riduan Jamaludin. (2016). Safety and health awareness among staff and students in workshop and laboratory of an engineering technology university campus.

International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, 5(3), 285- 288.

Barling, J. (2001). Management practices affect occupational safety. Ontario, Canada: School of Business, Queen’s University.

Chandrakantan Subramaniam, Faridahwati Mohd Shamsudin, Md Lazim Mohd Zin, Subramaniam Sri Ramalu, Z. H. (2014). Safety management practices and safety compliance in small medium enterprise: mediating role safety perticipation.

Cheyne, A. J.., & Cox, S., (2000). Assessing safety culture in offshore environments.

Safety Science, 34, 111–129.

Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An Interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602.

David A. Hofmann, Rick Jacobs, and F. L. (1995). High reliability process industries: individual micro, and macroorganizational influences on safety

performance. J Safety Res, 26(1), 131–149.

https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzw145.

Dilley, H. dan Kleiner, B.H. (1996). Creating a Culture of Safety. Work Study. Vol.

45(3): pp. 5-8.

Dov Zohar. (1980). Safety Climate in Industrial Organizations: Theoretical and Applied Implications. Journal of Applied Psychology, 65(1), 96–102.

Faridah. (2009). Journal of Community Health 2009: Vol 15 Number 2 ORIGINAL ARTICLE. Journal of Community Health, 15(2), 43–59.

Hon, C. K. H, Chan, A.P.C, & Yam, M.C.H. (2014). Relationship between safety climate and safety performance of building repair, maintenance, minor alteration, and addition (RMAA) works. Safety Science, 65, 10-19.

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Hossain, M.A., Hossain, M.M., Tarannum, S., & Chowdhury, T.H. (2015). Factors affecting OSH practices in private universities: an empirical study from Bangladesh. Safety Science, 72, 371-378.

J Zakaria, CR Che Hassan, MD Hamid, EH Sukadarin - Process safety progress, 2020.

Labodova, A. (2004). Implementing integrated management systems using a risk analysis based approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 12, 571-580.

Marín, L. S., Lipscomb, H., Cifuentes, M., & Punnett, L. (2017). Associations between safety climate and safety management practices in the construction industry. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 60(6), 557–568. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.22723.

Neal, A., & Griffin, M. A. (2006). A study of the lagged relationships among safety climate, safety motivation, safety behavior, and accidents at the individual and group levels. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(4), 946–

953. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.4.946.

Neal, A., Griffin, M. A., & Hart, P. M. (2000). The impact of organizational climate on safety climate and individual behavior. Safety Science, 34(1–3), 99- 109. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00008-4.

Settoon, R. P., Bennett, N., & Liden, R. C. (1996). Social exchange in organizations:

Perceived organizational support, leader-member exchange, and employee reciprocity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(3), 219–227.

https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.81.3.219.

Subramaniam, C., Zin, M. L. M., & Nadir, S. R. (2013). Hubungan Amalan Pengurusan Keselamatan dengan Pematuhan Keselamatan Pekerjaan di Jabatan Bomba dan Penyelamat Malaysia (Relationship between Safety Management Practices and Job Safety Compliance in Fire and Rescue Department Malaysia). Jurnal Pengurusan (UKM Journal of Management), 37(December 2015), 133–142.

Vinodkumar, M. N., & Bhasi, M. (2010). Safety management practices and safety behaviour: Assessing the mediating role of safety knowledge and motivation. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 42(6), 2082–2093.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.06.021.

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Vredenburgh, A. G. (2002). Organizational safety. Journal of Safety Research, 33(2), 259–276. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-4375(02)00016-6.

Zitty Sarah Ismail, Kadir Ariffin, & Kadaruddin Aiyub. (2015). Promoting OSHA at higher institutions: Assessment of level of safety awareness among laboratory users. Taylor’s Business Review, 5(2), 155-164.

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70

APPENDIX A: QUESTIONNAIRE

RESPONDENT NO:

UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA

Graduate School of Business Management

I am Nurul Fatin binti Md Rodzi, student part time in Master of Science (Occupational Safety and Health Management) from the Universiti Utara Malaysia are conducting a research Relationship between Safety Management Practices and Job Safety Compliance among Laboratory personnel. I would appreciate if you would complete this questionnaire. I hope you can spare some time and help me in answering several questions that I have prepared in order to help my studies. All of your information is confidential. Your cooperation is kindly appreciated. Thank you.

Sincerely yours,

Nurul Fatin binti Md Rodzi 823655

Master in Science (Occupational Safety and Health Management)

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71

Cirle the most appropriate response number for you beside each item, using the scale below.

1 = Strongly disagree

2 = Disagree 3 = Neither disagree nor agree

3 = Agree 4 = Strongly agree

STATEMENT 1 2 3 4 5

Section A : Management Commitment 1. Safety is given high priority by the management

1 2 3 4 5

2. Safety rules and procedures are strictly followed by

the management 1 2 3 4 5

3. Corrective action is always taken when the

management is told about unsafe practices 1 2 3 4 5 4. In my workplace managers/supervisors show interest

in the safety of workers 1 2 3 4 5

5. Management considers safety to be equally

important as production 1 2 3 4 5

6. Members of the management attend safety meetings

1 2 3 4 5

7. I feel that management is willing to compromise on

safety for increasing production. 1 2 3 4 5

8. When near-miss accidents are reported, my

management acts quickly to solve the problems 1 2 3 4 5 9. My company provides sufficient personal protective

equipments (PPE) for the workers. 1 2 3 4 5

STATEMENT 1 2 3 4 5

Section B : Safety Training

1. My company gives comprehensive training to the employees in workplace health and safety issues.

1 2 3 4 5

2. Newly recruits are trained adequately to learn safety

rules and procedures. 1 2 3 4 5

3. Safety issues are given high priority in training

programmes. 1 2 3 4 5

4. I am adequately trained to respond to emergency

situations in my workplace. 1 2 3 4 5

5. Management encourages the workers to attend safety

training programmes. 1 2 3 4 5

6. Safety training given to me is adequate to enable to

me to assess hazards in workplace. 1 2 3 4 5

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72

STATEMENT 1 2 3 4 5

Section C : Worker’s Involvement 1. Management always welcomes opinion from

employees before making final decisions on safety

related matters. 1 2 3 4 5

2. My company has safety committees consisting of

representatives of management and employees. 1 2 3 4 5 3. Management promotes employees involvement in

safety related matters 1 2 3 4 5

4. Management consults with employees regularly

about workplace health and safety issues. 1 2 3 4 5 5. Employees sincerely participate in identifying safety

problems 1 2 3 4 5

STATEMENT 1 2 3 4 5

Section D : Safety communication and feedback 1. My company have a hazard reporting system where

employees can communicate hazard information before incidents occur.

1 2 3 4 5

2. Management operates an open door policy on safety

issues. 1 2 3 4 5

3. There is sufficient opportunity to discuss and deal

with safety issues in meetings. 1 2 3 4 5

4. The target and goals for safety performance in my

organization are clear to the workers. 1 2 3 4 5 5. There is open communications about safety issues in

this workplace. 1 2 3 4 5

STATEMENT 1 2 3 4 5

Section E : Safety rules and procedures 1. The safety rules and procedures followed in my

company are sufficient to prevent incidents

occurring. 1 2 3 4 5

2. The facilities in the safety department are adequate

to meet the needs of my organization. 1 2 3 4 5

3. My supervisors and managers always try to enforce

safe working procedures. 1 2 3 4 5

4. Safety inspections are carried out regularly.

1 2 3 4 5

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73 5. The safety procedures and practices in this

organization are useful and effective. 1 2 3 4 5

STATEMENT 1 2 3 4 5

Section F : Safety promotion policies 1. In my company safe conduct is considered as a

positive factor for job promotions. 1 2 3 4 5 2. In my company employees are rewarded for

reporting safety hazards (thanked, cash or other

rewards, recognition in news letter, etc.) 1 2 3 4 5 3. In my company safety week celebration and

other safety promotional activities arranged by the management are very effective in creating safety awareness among the workers.

1 2 3 4 5

4. There exists very healthy competition among the employees to find out and report unsafe

condition and acts. 1 2 3 4 5

5. Our supervisor becomes very unhappy and angry when employees find out and report

unsafe conditions and acts in our section 1 2 3 4 5

STATEMENT 1 2 3 4 5

Section G :Safety compliance 1. I use all necessary safety equipments to do my

job. 1 2 3 4 5

2. I carry out my work in a safe manner.

1 2 3 4 5

3. I follow correct safety rules and procedures

while carrying out my job. 1 2 3 4 5

4. I ensure the highest levels of safety when I

carry out my job. 1 2 3 4 5

5. Occasionally due to lack of time, I deviate from

correct and safe work procedures. 1 2 3 4 5 6. Occasionally due to over familiarity with the

job, I deviate from correct and safe work

procedures. 1 2 3 4 5

7. It is not always practical to follow all safety

rules and procedures while doing a job. 1 2 3 4 5

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74 Section H: Personal Details

Instructions: Please tick ( / ) in the appropriate box.

1. Gender

Male Female

2. Age

< 25 years old 36- 45 years old

25- 35 years old > 45 years old

3. Education Level

Bachelor‟s Degree Master‟s Degree

PhD

4. Working Experience

< 1 years 6-10 years

1-5 years >10 years

6. Job Position

Entry level Middle level management

Intermediate/Experience level Senior,Top Management,Chief First Level Management

6. Nature of Company Business

Engineering Pharmaceutical/Cosmetic

Biotechnology Manufacturing

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75

APPENDIX B: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

Gender

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid MALE 45 33.6 33.6 33.6

FEMALE 89 66.4 66.4 100.0

Total 134 100.0 100.0

Gender

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid MALE 45 33.6 33.6 33.6

FEMALE 89 66.4 66.4 100.0

Total 134 100.0 100.0

Education level

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid Bachelors degree 100 74.6 74.6 74.6

Masters Degree 15 11.2 11.2 85.8

PhD 5 3.7 3.7 89.6

Other 14 10.4 10.4 100.0

Total 134 100.0 100.0

Working experience

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid <1 years 24 17.9 17.9 17.9

1-5 years 41 30.6 30.6 48.5

6 - 10 years 29 21.6 21.6 70.1

> 10 years 40 29.9 29.9 100.0

Total 134 100.0 100.0

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76 Job position

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid Entry Level 29 21.6 21.6 21.6

Intermediate/Experience Level

41 30.6 30.6 52.2

First Level Management 40 29.9 29.9 82.1

Middle Level Management 8 6.0 6.0 88.1

Senior,Executive,Top Management and Chief

16 11.9 11.9 100.0

Total 134 100.0 100.0

Nature of company

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative Percent

Valid Engineering 14 10.4 10.4 10.4

Biotechnology 76 56.7 56.7 67.2

Pharmaceutical/Cosmetics 20 14.9 14.9 82.1

Manufacturing 8 6.0 6.0 88.1

OTHER 16 11.9 11.9 100.0

Total 134 100.0 100.0

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77

APPENDIX C: RELIABILITY ANALYSIS

C1 : Management Commitment Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Alpha

Cronbach's Alpha Based on

Standardized Items

N of Items

.709 .778 9

C2 : Safety Training

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Alpha

Cronbach's Alpha Based on

Standardized Items

N of Items

.788 .829 6

C3 : Workers Involvement Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Alpha

Cronbach's Alpha Based on

Standardized Items

N of Items

.694 .734 5

C4 : Safety Communication and Feedback Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Alpha

Cronbach's Alpha Based on

Standardized Items

N of Items

.627 .701 4

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78 C5 : Safety Rules and Procedure

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Alpha

Cronbach's Alpha Based on

Standardized Items

N of Items

.697 .733 5

C6 : Safety Promotion Policies

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Alpha

Cronbach's Alpha Based on

Standardized Items

N of Items

.806 .802 4

C7 : Safety Compliance

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Alpha

Cronbach's Alpha Based on

Standardized Items

N of Items

.611 .739 5

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79

APPENDIX D: CORRELATION ANALYSIS

Correlations

MANAGEMEN TCOMMITMEN T

SAFETYTRAIN ING

WORKERSINV OLVEMENT

SAFETYCOM MUNICATION ANDFEEDBACK

SAFETYRULE SANDPROCE DURE

SAFETYPROM OTIONPOLICI ES

SAFETYCOMP LIANCE

MANAGEMENTCOMMITM ENT

Pearson Correlation

1 .590** .685** .651** .602** .473** .319**

Sig. (2- tailed)

.000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000

N 134 134 134 134 134 134 134

SAFETYTRAINING Pearson Correlation

.590** 1 .703** .741** .703** .605** .409**

Sig. (2- tailed)

.000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000

N 134 134 134 134 134 134 134

WORKERSINVOLVEMEN T

Pearson Correlation

.685** .703** 1 .751** .772** .618** .327**

Sig. (2- tailed)

.000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000

N 134 134 134 134 134 134 134

SAFETYCOMMUNICATIO NANDFEEDBACK

Pearson Correlation

.651** .741** .751** 1 .792** .744** .412**

Sig. (2- tailed)

.000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000

N 134 134 134 134 134 134 134

SAFETYRULESANDPRO Pearson Correlation

.602** .703** .772** .792** 1 .595** .458**

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80

CEDURE

Sig. (2- tailed)

.000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000

N 134 134 134 134 134 134 134

SAFETYPROMOTIONPOL ICIES

Pearson Correlation

.473** .605** .618** .744** .595** 1 .339**

Sig. (2- tailed)

.000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000

N 134 134 134 134 134 134 134

SAFETYCOMPLIANCE Pearson Correlation

.319** .409** .327** .412** .458** .339** 1

Sig. (2- tailed)

.000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .000

N 134 134 134 134 134 134 134

**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

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81

APPENDIX E: MULTIPLE REGRESSION

E1 : Model Summary

Model Summaryb

R

Square Adjust ed R Square

Std. Error of the Estimate

C h a n g e S ta ti st ic s Mod

el

R R

Squa re Cha nge

F Change

d f 1

d f 2

Sig. F Change

1 .49

1a

.2 41

.205 2.130

80

.241 6.719 6 12

7 .000

a. Predictors: (Constant), SAFETYPROMOTIONPOLICIES,

MANAGEMENTCOMMITMENT, SAFETYTRAINING,

SAFETYRULESANDPROCEDURE, WORKERSINVOLVEMENT, SAFETYCOMMUNICATIONANDFEEDBACK

b. Dependent Variable: SAFETYCOMPLIANCE

E2 : ANOVA

ANOVAa

Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

1 Regression 183.031 6 30.505 6.719 .000b

Residual 576.618 127 4.540

Total 759.649 133

a. Dependent Variable: SAFETYCOMPLIANCE

b. Predictors: (Constant), SAFETYPROMOTIONPOLICIES, MANAGEMENTCOMMITMENT, SAFETYTRAINING,

SAFETYRULESANDPROCEDURE, WORKERSINVOLVEMENT, SAFETYCOMMUNICATIONANDFEEDBACK

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82 E3 : Coefficients

Coefficients

Unstandardized Coefficients

Standardized Coefficients

t Sig.

Model B Std. Error Beta

1 (Constant) 11.610 1.405 8.263 .000

MANAGEMENTCOMMITM ENT

.034 .051 .074 .661 .510

SAFETYTRAINING .111 .079 .176 1.413 .160

WORKERSINVOLVEMENT -.172 .113 -.218 -1.520 .131

SAFETYCOMMUNICATIO NANDFEEDBACK

.032 .153 .035 .213 .832

SAFETYRULESANDPROC EDURE

.310 .116 .384 2.684 .008

SAFETYPROMOTIONPOLI CIES

.061 .093 .077 .654 .515

a. Dependent Variable: SAFETYCOMPLIANCE

(32)

83

APPENDIX F: TURNITIN

Rujukan

DOKUMEN BERKAITAN

Six facets of safety management practices namely management commitment, safety training, and worker’s involvement, safety communication and feedback, safety rules

This study examines the relationship between job safety, safety program and policies and management safety practices towards safety behavior among academicians in

This study examines the relationship between job safety, safety program and policies and management safety practices towards safety behavior among academicians in

Then, the objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between safety management practice (management commitment, safety training, athletes involvement,

ii) Which safety climate dimension (Management Safety Practices, Supervisory Safety Practices, Safety Attitude, Safety Training, Job Safety and Co- Workers Safety

The six dimensions of safety climate in this study are management safety practices, supervisory safety practices, safety attitude, safety training, job safety and co- workers

This study is to determine the significant link of six dimensions in safety management practices (i.e. management commitment, safety training, workers’ involvement, safety

Then, the significance of the study deliberates the relationship between safety management practices (i.e. management commitment, safety training, workers’