ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺩﻭ ﺙﻮﲝ
The Challenges Faced by Muslim Minority and the Position of Islam on the Matter: The Muslim Minority in Sri Lanka as a Case Study
Cabaran-Cabaran yang Dihadapi oleh Minority Muslim dan Pendirian Islam: Kajian Kes Minority Muslim Sri Lanka
سﺎﻧﻣﻟا دﺑﻋ ﻲطوﯾﺳ مﯾﻫارﺑإ دﻣﺣﻣ نﺑ قﯾدﺻ دﻣﺣﻣ
ثﺣﺑﻟا صﺧﻠﻣ
تﺎــﻴﻠﻗﻷا عﻮـﺿﻮﻣ
ﺐﺴــﺑ تﺎﻨﻴﻌﺴــﺘﻟا ﺬــﻨﻣ ﺚــﺤﺒﻟا ﺔﺣﺎـﺳ ﰲ ﺔﻜﺋﺎﺸــﻟا تﺎﻋﻮــﺿﻮﳌا ﻦــﻣ
ﻷا ﻊـــﻤﺘﳎ ﺐـــﻠﻄﻳ ﱵـــﻟا ةﺪﺠﺘﺴـــﳌا ﺎﻳﺎﻀـــﻘﻟا ﻦـــﻣ ﻪـــﻈﻔﲢ ﱵـــﻟا ﻪـــﻗﻮﻘﺣ قﺎـــﻘﺣإ ﺎـــﻬﻴﻓ ﺔـــﻴﻠﻗ
سرﺪـﻟﺎﺑ ﺎـﻫوردﺎﺒﻓ ،ﺎـﻬﻴﻠﻋ ءﺎـﻤﻠﻌﻟا رﺎـﻈﻧأ تﺰـﻛﺮﲤ ﺪﻗو ،ﱂﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﻬﻬﺟاﻮﻳ ﱵﻟا تﺎﺑاﺮﻄﺿﻻا ﺶﻗﺎﻨﺘـﺳ ﱵـﻟا ﺔـﺳارﺪﻟا ﻩﺬـﻫ ﻲـﻤﺘﻨﺗ ﺎـﻬﻴﻟإو ،ثﺎﲝﻷاو ﺐﺘﻜﻟا اﺬﻫ ﰲ تﺮﺜﻛو ،ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟاو ـﻫﺮﺛأو ،ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮــﺳ ﰲ ﺔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا ﺔــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻊـﻗاو ﰲ تﺎﻳﺪــﺤﺘﻟا ﻦـﻣ ﺎـﻌﲨً ﰲ ﺎ
ﻞــﻣﺎﻌﺘﻟا ﲑــﻏ ﻊـﻣ
تﺎـــﻴﻠﻗﻸﻟ ﺔﺴـــﻴﺋﺮﻟا تﻼﻜﺸــﳌا نﻷ ؛نﺎـــﻳدﻷاو سﺎـــﻨﺟﻷا ﺔــﻔﻠﺘﳐ ﺔـــﻴﺒﻠﻏﻷا ﻦـــﻣ ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا ﺎــﻤﻬﻗﻮﻘﺣ ﲔﻓﺮـﻄﻟا ﺔـﻓﺮﻌﻣ مﺪــﻋو ،ﺔـﻴﻠﻗﻷاو ﺔـﻴﺒﻠﻏﻷا ﲔــﺑ ﺔـﻗﻼﻌﻟا ءﻮـﺳ ﺎﻬﺒﺒــﺳ ﱂﺎـﻌﻟا لﻮـﺣ رﻮـﻈﻨﳌا لﻼـﺧ ﻦـﻣ ﺔـﻗﻼﻌﻟا ﻩﺬـﻫ نﺎـﻴﺑ ﺔـﺳارﺪﻟا ﻩﺬـﻫ ىﺮﺤﺘﺘـﺳو ،ﺮـﺧﻵا ﻩﺎـﲡ ﺎـﻤ ﺎﺒﺟاوو ﻲﻣﻼــﺳﻹا ﻦـــﻣ ﻼــﻛ ﺔﻄﺑﺎﻀــﻟا ﻪـــﻣﺎﻜﺣأو ،ﺔــﻳﺮﺜﻛﻷاو ﺔــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻲﻣﻮـــﻬﻔﻣ ﻦــﻋ ﺚﻳﺪــﳊا ﰲ ً
:
ﻢــﺳﺎﺑ تﺎﺒﺼــﻌﺘﻟاو تﻻﺎـﻬﳉا لوﺰــﺘﻟ ؛ﺔـﻤﻛﺎﳊا تﺎــﻳﺮﺜﻛﻷا ﻞـﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﰲ تﺎــﻴﻠﻗﻷا تﺎـﺒﺟاو ﻊـــﻤﺘ ا ﻒـــﺻ صﺮـــﻳ ﺎـــﲟ ﺔـــﻤﻛﺎﳊا تﺎـــﻳﺮﺜﻛﻷا ﻩﺬـــﻫ ىﺪـــﻟ تﺎـــﻴﻠﻗﻷا قﻮـــﻘﺣو ،مﻼـــﺳﻹاﱡ
ﺸـــﻣ ذﺎﺘـــﺳأ
كرﺎ ﺑ ﺎـــﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﻣ ﺔـــﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼـــﺳﻹا ﺔـــﻌﻣﺎﳉا ،ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴـــﻧﻹا مﻮـــﻠﻌﻟاو ﻲﺣﻮـــﻟا فرﺎـــﻌﻣ ﺔـــﻴﻠﻛ ،ﺔﻨﺴـــﻟاو نآﺮـــﻘﻟا ﻢﺴـــﻘ ،
shayuthy.manas@unissa.edu.bn
ﻩارﻮﺘﻛد ﺐﻟﺎﻃ
ﺑ ﺎﻳﺰﻴﻟﺎﻣ ﺔﻴﳌﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﳉا ،ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴﻧﻹا مﻮﻠﻌﻟاو ﻲﺣﻮﻟا فرﺎﻌﻣ ﺔﻴﻠﻛ ،ﺔﻨﺴﻟاو نآﺮﻘﻟا ﻢﺴﻘ ،
siddeeki@hotmail.com
دﻠﺟﻣﻟا 21 ددﻌﻟا ، 41 ) ب ) ( 1439 / 2017 ( 45 - 68
IIUM Press ـﻟ ﺔظوﻔﺣﻣ ﻊﺑطﻟا قوﻘﺣ ﺎﯾزﯾﻟﺎﻣ ﺔﯾﻣﻟﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﯾﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟﻟا ISSN 1823-1926 (Print)
ﺔﻳﺎﻬﻨﻟا ﰲ ﻂﺒﻀﻟا اﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﻞﺼﺤﺘﻴﻟ ؛ﻪﺗﺪﺣو سﺮﻜﻳوﱢ ُ ﲔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا ﲑـﻏ بﻮﻠﻗ بﺬﺠﻨﺗ نأ
تﺎﻳﺪــﺤﺘﻟا ﺔــﻬﺟاﻮﻣ ﰲ مﻼــﺳﻹا ﻒــﻗﻮﻣ زاﺮــﺑإ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﺔــﺳارﺪﻟا ﻩﺬــﻫ ﺰــﻛﱰﺗو ،مﻼــﺳﻹا ﱃإ ﰲ ﺔــﻨﻫاﺮﻟا عﺎــﺿوﻷا ﻰــﻠﻋ ادﺎــﻤﺘﻋا ﺔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا ﲑــﻏ ﺔــﻴﺒﻠﻏﻷا ﻞــﺒﻗ ﻦــﻣ ﺔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا ﺔــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻩﺎــﲡً ا مﻮـﻬﻔﻣ نﺎﻴﺒﻟ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟاو ءاﺮﻘﺘﺳﻻا ﻪﻣاﻮﻗ ﺞﻬﻨﲟ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا ﺖﻄﺒﻀﻧا ﺪﻗو ،ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ ﺔـﻴﻠﻗﻷ
ﰒ ،ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮـــﺳ ﺔـــﻟوﺪﺑ ﻒـــﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟا ﰒ ،ﺎـــﻬﻫﺎﲡ مﻼـــﺳﻹا ﻒـــﻗﻮﻣو ﺔﻤﻠﺴـــﳌا تﺎـــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ةﺄﺸـــﻧو ﺔـﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻩﺬـﻫ تﺎﻴﻟوﺆﺴـﻣ ﻞﻴﺼـﻔﺗ ﰒ ،ﺎـﻬﻴﻓ ﺔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا ﺔﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﺎﻬﻬﺟاﻮﺗ ﱵﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟا نﺎﻴﺑ ﺎﻫزﺎﻴﺘﺟاو تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ ﺔﻬﺟاﻮﻣ ﰲ .
تﺎﻤﻠﻜﻟا ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺳﻷا
: ﻼﻳﺮﺳ ،ﺔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﺔﻴﻠﻗﻷا ،تﺎﻴﻟوﺆﺴﳌا ،تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟا ﺎﻜﻧ
.
Abstract
The topic of minority is among sensitive issues from the nineties due to the continuous issues that require the minority to realize their rights that would save them from the conflicts that are facing the world. Scholars have indeed been focusing on this issue and had been studying and analysing the situation, producing numerous studies and books. This study will be a continuation of this effort as it would discuss the challenges in the context of the Muslim minority in Sri Lanka and its impact on the relationship with non-Muslims who are the majority of a multi-racial and multi -religious nation. This is because the main problems for minorities around the world are due to the deteriorating relation between the majority and the minority, the lack of understanding among the minority and the majority on their rights towards one another. This study aims to discuss this relation from the Islamic point of view in explaining the definition of majority and minority, the rulings for each of the responsibilities of the minority towards the ruling majority. This is significant to dispel any misunderstanding and bigotry in the name of Islam; while preserving the rights of the minority against the rights of the majority that would contribute towards the unity of the nation.
The study aims at emphasizing the position of Islam in facing the challenges posed by the majority on the minority in the case of the Muslim minority in Sri Lanka. The study is a library survey of the relevant contents and their analysis to explain the concept of minority, its historical background of Muslim minority, the Islamic position on the issue with a brief introduction on Sri Lanka. This would be complemented by the background of the challenges faced by the Muslim minority in Sri Lanka and the responsibilities of the minority in facing and overcoming these challenges.
Keywords: Challenges, Responsibilities, Muslim Minority, Sri Langka.
Abstrak
Topik minoriti antara topik rumit dalam bidang penyelidikan semenjak tahun 90-an disebabkan isu-isu terbaru menuntut masyarakat minoriti agar hak-hak merka dipelihara dari ketidakstabialn yang dihadapi dunia ketika ini. Oleh itu para ulama mula memberi tumpuan terhadap isu ini dengan melakukan kajian
dan analisa. Maka, terhasil banyak buku dan juga kajian. Jadi, kajian ini akan membincangkan pelbagai cabaran semasa minoriti muslim di Sri Lanka serta kesannya terhadap pergaulan mereka dengan kaum majoriti yang berbeza bangsa dan agama. Kerana masalah terbesar kaum minoriti di seluruh dunia adalah kerana hubungan buruk antara minoriti dan majoriti, dan kejahilan kedua belah pihak tentang hak dan tanggungjawab masing-masing terhadap satu sama lain. Kajian ini juga akan menerangkan hubungan ini dari sudut pandang Islam dalam membicarakan dua konsep minoriti dan majoriti, hukum- hukum yang antaranya; tanggungjawab minoriti terhadap majoriti yang memerintah; bertujuan membuang kejahilan dan taksub dengan nama Islam, dan hak-hak minoriti terhadap majoriti yang memerintah yang akan mengukuhkan perpaduan masyarakat dan pada akhirnya mampu menarik minat hati orang bukan Islam terhadap Islam itu sendiri. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah induktif dan analisa untuk menerangkan konsep minoriti dan kehidupan minoriti Muslim dan pendirian Islam terhadap isu ini dan pengenalan ringkas tentang Sri Lanka serta keterangan tentang cabaran-cabaran yang dihadapi oleh minoriti Muslim di sana dan akhir sekali, penerangan tanggungjawab minoriti dalam menghadapi cabaran dan menanganinya dengan baik.
Kata kunci: Cabaran, Tanggungjawab, Minoriti Muslim, Sri Lanka.
ﺔﻣدﻘﻣ
.1
ﺔﻤﻠﺴﻤﻟا ﺔﻴﻠﻗﻷا مﻮﻬﻔﻣ
ـــﻣ ﺢﻠﻄﺼ
"
ﺔـــﻴﻠﻗﻷا
"
ةﺎـــﻋاﺮﻣ زﺮـــﺑ ﺮـــﺻﺎﻌﻣ ﺢﻠﻄﺼـــﻣ ﺔـــﻴﻠﻗﻷا تﺎـــﻌﻤﺘﳎ عﺎـــﺿوأ ً
و ،ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﲑﻏ دﻼﺒﻟا ﰲ ﺔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﺖـﱠﻨﺒﺗ
ﺎﻳﺎﻀـﻗ ﺎﻫ ،ﺔﻴﻣﻼـﺳﻹا تﺎـﺌﻴﳍا ﺾـﻌﺑ ﻦـﻣ
ﻞـــــﺜﻣ : ﻲﻣﻼـــــﺳﻹا ﺮﲤﺆـــــﳌا ﺔـــــﻤﻈﻨﻣو ،ﻲﻣﻼـــــﺳﻹا ﱂﺎـــــﻌﻟا ﺔـــــﻄﺑار ﺎـــــﻬﺜﺤﺒﻴﻟ ؛
ءﺎـــــﻤﻠﻌﻟا
ﺮﻜﻔﳌاو و ﱂﺎـﻌﻟا لﻮـﺣ ن
1، ﻓ اﺬـﻫ ﺔـﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﺐﺴـﺣ ﻢﻬﻔﻗاﻮـﻣ ﺖـﻨﻳﺎﺒﺗو ﻢـﻫؤارآ ﺖـﻔﻠﺘﺧﺎ
عﻮﺿﻮﳌا
، ﺔـﻴﻠﻗﻸﻟ نﺎـﻔﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺎـﻬﻨﻣ زﺮﺑو ﺎﻤﻫﺪـﺣأ :
ﺎـ أ "
ﱡﻞـﻛ ﺮـﻄﻗ ﰲ ﺔﻳﺮﺸـﺑ ﺔـﻋﻮﻤﳎ
ﻮـﳓ وأ ﺔـﻐﻠﻟا وأ قﺮـﻌﻟا وأ ﺐﻫﺬـﳌا وأ ﻦﻳﺪـﻟا ﰲ ﻪـﻠﻫأ ﺔـﻳﺮﺜﻛأ ﻦﻋ ﺰﻴﲤ رﺎﻄﻗﻷا ﻦﻣ ــﻋ ﺎﻬﻀــﻌﺑ ﺔﻳﺮﺸــﺒﻟا تﺎــﻋﻮﻤ ا ﺎــ ﺰﻳﺎــﻤﺘﺗ ﱵــﻟا تﺎﻴــﺳﺎﺳﻷا ﻦــﻣ ﻚــﻟذ ﺾــﻌﺑ ﻦ
"،
2
ﻵاو ﺎ أ ﺮﺧ
"
تاﲑـﻐﺘﳌا ﻦـﻣ ﺮـﺜﻛأ وأ ةﺪـﺣاو ﰲ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﻏﻷا ﻦﻋ ﻒﻠﺘﲣ ﺔﻳﺮﺸﺑ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﳎ
ﺐــﻴﺒﳊا1
، ،لﺎــﻤﻛ ﺪﻴﻌﺴــﻟا ﺔــﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔــﻳﺎﻬﻧ ﻰــﺘﺣ ﺔــﻳﻮﺒﻨﻟا ﺔــﻟوﺪﻟا ﺔــﻳاﺪﺑ ﻦــﻣ ﺔﻴﻣﻼــﺳﻹا ةﺮــﺒﺨﻟا ﻲــﻓ ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴــﻟاو تﺎــﻴﻠﻗﻷا
ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻤﺜﻌﻟا ) م622
- م(1908
، ) ةﺮﻫﺎﻘﻟا : ط ،ﱄﻮﺑﺪﻣ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣ ،1
م(2002
ص ، .52
،يوﺎﺿﺮﻘﻟا 2
،ﻒﺳﻮﻳ
،تﺎﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻪﻘﻓ ﻲﻓ )
ةﺮﻫﺎﻘﻟا : قوﺮﺸﻟا راد ط ،
،1
ﻫـ1422
/ م(2001
، ص .15
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟا : ﺔﻟﻼﺴـﻟا وأ ،ﺔـﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا وأ ،ﺔـﻐﻠﻟا وأ ،ﻦﻳﺪـﻟا
"،
ﲔﻔﻳﺮـﻌﺘﻟا ﻦﻳﺬـﻫ لﻼـﺧ ﻦـﻣو 1
ﲔـــﺒﻳ نأ ﻊـــﻤﺘﳎ ـــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﺔ ﻳ ﺸـــﻴﻌﻳ يﺬـــﻟا ﻊـــﻗاﻮﻟا ﺐﺴـــﺣ ﺔـــﻔﻠﺘﺨﳌا تﺎﻔﺼـــﻟﺎﺑ ﲔـــﻌﺘ ،ﻪ
ﻰﻤﺴﻳ ﺎﻣ اﺬﻫوﱠ ُ )
ﺼﺧ ﺺﺋﺎ ﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﺔ(
.
و ﻦــــﻜﻟ تﺎــــﺒﺛإ ﰲ ﺔــــﻋﻮﻨﺘﻣ ءارآ كﺎــــﻨﻫ ــــﻣ
ﺢﻠﻄﺼ ) ﺔﻤﻠﺴــــﳌا ﺔــــﻴﻠﻗﻷا (
ﻪــــﻠﺒﻘﻳ ﻻ ذإ ؛
ﻦـﻣ ﺮـﺜﻛأ ﻪـﻴﻓ ﺪـﻨﳍا ﻞـﺜﻣ ﻦـﻣ اﺪـﻠﺑ ﻲﻤﺴـﻧ ﻒﻴﻜﻓ ؛ﻢﻬﻀﻌﺑً ﻢﻠﺴـﻣ نﻮـﻴﻠﻣ ﱵـﺌﻣ
،
؟ﺔـﻴﻠﻗأ ً
اﺬـﻛو ناﺪـﻠﺒﻟا ﺾـﻌﺑ ﺎــﻬﻴﻓ
ﻛأ ﲔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا دﺪـﻋ ـﺜ
ﻦــﻣ ﺮ عﺎـﺒﺗأ دﺪـﻋ ىﺮــﺧﻷا تﺎﻧﺎﻳﺪـﻟا
؛ ﻻإ
ﻳ ﻻ ﻢــ أ
؛ﺔــﻳﺮﺜﻛأ نوﺪﱡ ُــﻌ ﺴــﻟ ُ
ا ﲑــﻏ ﺔﻄﻠ ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﳌ
ﰲ ﺔــﻟوﺪﻟا
2، نوﺮــﺧآ ىﺮــﻳ ﲔــﺣ ﰲ
نأ ُﺔﺒﺴـﻧ ﺔـﻴﻠﻗأ ﺎـﻣ ﺔــﻟود ﻮﻤﻠﺴـﻣ نﻮـﻜﻳ نأ ﰲ سﺎـﻴﻘﳌا ﱴــﻤﻓ ،نﺎﻜﺴـﻟا دﺪـﻋ ﱃإ ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا
ﻦﻣ ﻞﻗأ ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا دﺪﻋ نﺎﻛ
50
ﺪﻋ نﺎﻜﺴﻟا دﺪﻋ ﻦﻣﱡُ %
ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛأ اﻮﻧﺎﻛ ﱴﻣو ،ﺔﻴﻠﻗأ او
ﻢﻫﲑﻏ - ﰲ ﺎﻤﻛ : ﻘﻳﺮﻓأ ﰲ ﺎﻴﻧاﺰﻨﺗو ﺎﻳﲑﺠﻴﻧو ،ﺎﺑوروأ ﰲ ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺒﻟأ ﻴﺎ
ﻋ ُ - ﺪﱡ أ او ﺮﺜﻛ ﺔـﻳ
3، ﺎـﻤﻛ
ﻚـﻟﺎﻨﻫ نأ ﻟا ﺔـﻤﻈﻨﻣ ﰲ ءﺎﻀــﻋأ ﺔﻴﻣﻼــﺳإ ﻻودً
نوﺎــﻌﺘ ﻊـﻣ ﻲﻣﻼــﺳﻹا نأ
ﺎــﻬﻴﻓ ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا
،ﺔﻴﻠﻗأ ﻦﻣ نﻮﺑﺎﻐﻟا ﻞﺜﻣ .
و اﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻨﺑً ﻦﻜﳝ
ﺎ ﺄﺑ ﺎﻘﻴﻗد ﺎﻔﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺔﻴﻠﻗﻷا فﺮﻌﻧ نأً ً ﱢ ُ
"
ﺶﻴـﻌﺗ ﺔﻳﺮﺸـﺑ ﺔـﻋﻮﻤﳎ ﻞﻛ
ﻹا ﱃإ ﻲـﻤﺘﻨﺗ ﺎـ ﻮﻜﺑ ﺎـﻬﻨﻋ ﻒـﻠﺘﲣو ،ﺎـﻬﻨﻣ ﱪﻛأ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﳎ ﲔﺑ ﺎﻫﺪـﻬﺟ ﻞـﻜﺑ لوﺎـﲢو ،مﻼـﺳ
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ظﺎﻔﳊا ."
4
.2
ﺔﻤﻠﺴﻤﻟا تﺎﻴﻠﻗﻷا ةﺄﺸﻧ :
أﺪﺑ ﳌا نﻮﻤﻠﺴ ﺮـﺳ ﺔـﻳﻮﻋﺪﻟا ﺎـﳍﺎﻤﻋﺄﺑ مﻮـﻘﺗ ﺔﻔﻴﻌﺿ ﺔﻴﻠﻗأ ا،
ﱯـﻨﻟا لاﻮـﺣأ ﺪـﺣأ ﻞـﻬﳚ ﻻو
ﻪﺑﺎﺤﺻأو ﺎﻫﻮﻬﺟاو ﱵﻟا ﻞﻛﺎﺸﳌاو ،
ﻟ ؛ ﻠﻘﱠ ﻲﻜﳌا ﺪﻬﻌﻟا ﰲ ﻢﻬﺘ ؛
لﺎـﻗ : اوﺮـﻛذاوْ ُُْ َ
ﻌﻀــﺘﺴﻣ ﻞــﻴﻠﻗ ﻢﺘـﻧَأ ذإ
َ ْ َْ ﱡ ٌ َِ ُِْْ ﻩﺮﺼــﻨﺑ ﻢﻛﺪــﻳَأو ﻢﻛاوﺂـﻓ سﺎــﱠﻨﻟا ﻢﻜﻔﻄﺨﺘـــﻳ نَأ نﻮﻓﺎـﲣ ضرﻷا ﰲ نﻮﻔِِْ َِ َُﱠ َ َْ َُ ُ ُ َُ ﱠ َ ََ َ ُ ََ ِ َْ ِ َ ُ
ﺪﻟا ﺪﻌﺳ1
ﻦﻳ
، ،ﻢﻴﻫاﺮﺑإ تﺎﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﺔﻟﺄﺴﻣ ﻲﻓ تﻼﻣﺄﺗ ،
) ةﺮﻫﺎﻘﻟا : ،ﺔﻴﺋﺎﳕﻹا تﺎﺳارﺪﻠﻟ نوﺪﻠﺧ ﻦﺑا ﺰﻛﺮﻣ (1992
ص ، .18
ﻳُ2
ﺮﻈﻨ : ﱯﻠﺷ
،ﺪﲪأ ، "
ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا تﺎﻴﻠﻗﻷا لﻮﺣ
"
مﻼﺳﻹا رﺎﻨﻣ ﺔﻠﺠﻣ ، ج ،
،نﺎﻀﻣر ،9
ـﻫ1414
.ﻖﺸــﻣد) ، ﺔ(ﻴﻣﻼــﺳﻹا تﺎــﻴﻠﻗﻷا :ﺮــﺻﺎﻌﳌا ﺦﻳرﺎــﺘﻟا) ،ﻲﻣﻼــﺳﻹا ﺦﻳرﺎــﺘﻟا ،دﻮــﻤﳏ ،ﺮﻛﺎــﺷ :ﺮــﻈﻨ ﻳُ3
: ،ﻲﻣﻼــﺳﻹا ﺐــﺘﻜﳌا
ط ،2
ـﻫ1416
(،
ج ص ،22
.11
ﺮﺼﺘﻨﳌا ﻲﻠﻋ ،ﱐﺎﺘﻜﻟا 4
مﻮﻴﻟا ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا تﺎﻴﻠﻗﻷا ،
، ) ﺔﻣﺮﻜﳌا ﺔﻜﻣ :
،رﺎﻨﳌا ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣ ط
،1
ـﻫ1408
(،
ص .7
نوﺮﻜﺸــﺗ ﻢــﻜﻠﻌﻟ تﺎــﺒﻴﻄﻟا ﻦــﻣ ﻢـﻜﻗزروَ ُُ ْ َ ْ ﱠُ ََ ِ َﱢﱠ َ ﱢ ََََُ
) لﺎـﻔﻧﻷا : (26
، ﻢﻬﺘــﻴﻠﻗأ ﺪــﻛﺆﻳوﱢ ُ ــﻟﻮﻗ
ﻪ :
» أﺪــﺑ
ﺒﻳﺮﻏ مﻼﺳﻹا ﺒﻳﺮﻏ أﺪﺑ ﺎﻤﻛ دﻮﻌﻴﺳو ،ﺎً
ءﺎﺑﺮﻐﻠﻟ ﰉﻮﻄﻓ ،ﺎً
1 «،
ﺪﻗو ﱢﺪﶈا ﻦﻣ ﲑﺜﻛ حﺮﺷ ﻆﻔﻟ ﲔﺛ
) ﺐـﻳﺮﻐﻟا ( ﺔـﻠﻗو سﺎـﻨﻟا ﻦــﻣ دﺎـﺣﺂﺑ لﺎــﻗ ؛
ﻃﻮﻴﺴـﻟا ﺎﺣرﺎـﺷ ﻲً :
"
ﻩﺮــﻣأ لوأ ﰲ ﺄﺸـﻧ مﻼــﺳﻹا نإ
ﱪﺧﺄﻓ ،ﺮـــﻬﻇو ﺮﺸـــﺘﻧا ﰒ ،ﺔـــﻠﻗو سﺎـــﻨﻟا ﻦـــﻣ دﺎـــﺣآ ﰲ ﺎـــﻧَ
ﻒﻌﻀـــﻟا ﻦـــﻣ ﻪﻘﺤﻠﻴـــﺳ ﻪـــﻧأ ﻪـــﺑ
ﻪﺋاﺪﺘﺑﺎﻛ ﺔﻠﻗو دﺎﺣآ ﰲ ﻻإ ﻰﻘﺒﻳ ﻻ ﱴﺣ لﻼﺘﺧﻻاو
".
2
ـﺳﱢُأ ﰒ ﰲ مﻼـﺳﻹا ﺔـﻟود ﺖﺴ ﻞـﺳرأ ﺪـﻗو ،ةرﻮــﻨﳌا ﺔـﻨﻳﺪﳌا
ءﺎــﳓأ ﱃإ مﻼـﺳﻹا ﺔﻟﺎـﺳر
،ﺎﺟاﻮﻓأ ﷲا ﻦﻳد ﰲ سﺎﻨﻟا ﻞﺧدو ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﳌا لوﺪﻟاً و
،ﻪﺗارﺎﻣإو مﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻟود ﻊﺳﻮﺘﺗ تﺬﺧأ
تﺎــﻴﻠﻗأ ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا ﲑــﻏ رﺎــﺻ ﻞــﺑ ،ﻪــﺘﻟودو مﻼــﺳﻹا ةﻮــﻗ ﺐﺒﺴــﺑ ﻢﻬﻨــﻣ ﺔــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﺔﻔــﺻ ﺖــﻟازو ﲔﻤﻠﺴـــﳌا دﻼـــﺑ ﰲ ﺶﻴـــﻌﺗ ،
ا رﺎـــﺠﺘﻟاو ةﺎﻋﺪـــﻟا أﺪـــﺑ ﰒ ﻦﻛﺎـــﻣأ ﱃإ نﻮـــﻠﻘﺘﻨﻳ نﻮﻤﻠﺴـــﳌا بﺮـــﻌﻟ
،مﻼﺳﻹا دﻼﺑ جرﺎﺧ ةﺪﻴﻌﺑ ﺎﻤﻴﺳ ﻻو
ﰊﻮﻨﺟ لود ﱃإ ﻘﻳﺮﻓأ ﻲﻗﺮﺷو ﺎﻴﺳآ ﻲﻗﺮﺷ
ﻴ ﺚﻜﻣو ،ﺎ
مﻼﺳﻹا تاﺰﻴﻣ ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﻢﳍ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺔﻧﺎﻜﻣ اوﺪﺟوو ،ةﻮﻋﺪﻟﺎﺑ اﻮﻣﺎﻗو ،ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻢﻬﻀﻌﺑ ﻦﻣ ،
ﻞﺜﻣ
ﻮﻔﺗﱡ ا تﺄﺸـﻧو ،كﺎـﻨﻫ اﻮـﺟواﺰﺘﻓ ،ﺔﺒﻴﻄﻟا قﻼﺧﻷاو ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ةرﺎﻀﳊا ﰲ ﻢﻬﻗ ﻷُ
ﺔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا ﺮـﺳ
ﲏــــﻟا ـــــﻋُ
ﺪﱠ ت ﺔﻴﻣﻼــــﺳإ ﲑـــــﻏ لود ﰲ ﺔﻤﻠﺴـــــﻣ تﺎـــــﻴﻠﻗأ ،
ﻒﻌـــــﺿ دﻮﺴـــــﻳ أﺪـــــﺑ ﰒُ ﲔﻤﻠﺴـــــﳌا
جرﺎـﺧ ناﺪـﻠﺑ ﱃإ ﲔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا لﺎـﻘﺘﻧا داﺰـﻓ ،مﻼـﺳﻹا ءاﺪـﻋأ تاﺮﻣاﺆﻣو رﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﻻاو لﻼﺘﺣﻻﺎﺑ ﻋ ﱴﺣ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا لوﺪﻟا دوﺪﺣ ﺎـﻬﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﻣﻼـﺳإ تﺎﻴﻠﻗأ او ُﺪﱡ
3، ﳝُو ـﺣ ﻦـﻜَ ﺮُﺼْ
تﺎـﻴﻠﻗﻷا ةﺄﺸـﻧ
ﺔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﺎﻤﻛ ﻳ ﰐﺄ :
- مﻼـــﺳﻹا قﺎـــﻨﺘﻋا
؛ يأ ﱃإ ﺔﻤﻠﺴـــﻣ ﲑـــﻏ ةﲑـــﺒﻛ ﺔـــﻋﻮﻤﳎ ﻦـــﻣ سﺎـــﻨﻟا ﺾـــﻌﺑ لﻮـــﺧد
،ﻢﻠﺴـﻣ1
ﺢﻴﺤــﺻ ﻢﻠﺴــﻣ ،
،يرﻮﺑﺎﺴــﻴﻨﻟا جﺎــﺠﳊا ﻦــﺑ ﻢﻠﺴــﻣ ،ﻲﻗﺎــﺒﻟا ﺪــﺒﻋ داﺆــﻓ ﺪــﻤﳏ ﻖــﻴﻘﲢ
) توﲑــﺑ : ثاﱰــﻟا ءﺎــﻴﺣإ راد
د ،ﰊﺮـــﻌﻟا . ،ط ـــﻫـ1374
/ م(1954
ﲔـــﺑ زرﺄـــﻳ ﻪـــﻧأو ﺎـــﺒﻳﺮﻏ دﻮﻌﻴـــﺳو ﺎـــﺒﻳﺮﻏ أﺪـــﺑ مﻼـــﺳﻹا نأ نﺎـــﻴﺑ بﺎـــﺑ ،نﺎـــﳝﻹا بﺎـــﺘﻛ ،ً ً
ج ،ﻦﻳﺪﺠﺴﳌا ص ،1
ﻢﻗر ،130
.232
،ﻲﻃﻮﻴﺴــﻟا 2
،ﺮــﻜﺑ ﰊأ ﻦــﺑ ﻦﲪﺮــﻟا ﺪــﺒﻋ ﻦﻳﺪــﻟا لﻼــﺟ ،ﻢﻠﺴــﻣ ﻰــﻠﻋ جﺎﺒﻳﺪــﻟا
ﰊأ ﻖــﻴﻠﻌﺗو ﻖــﻴﻘﲢ ،يﺮــﺛﻷا ﲏﻳﻮــﳊا ﻖﺤــﺳإ
) ﱪﳋا : ط ،نﺎﻔﻋ ﻦﺑا راد ،1
ﻫـ1416
/ م(1996
ج ، ص ،1
.164
ﻳُ3
ﺮـﻈﻨ : ،ﻲـﻤﻴﳌا ،ﻲﻃﺎـﻌﻟا ﺪـﺒﻋ فﺮـﺷأ ﻷا ﻪـﻘﻓ
ﻖـﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟاو ﺔـﻳﺮﻈﻨﻟا ﻦﻴـﺑ ﺔﻤﻠﺴـﻤﻟا تﺎـﻴﻠﻗ ،
) ةرﻮﺼـﻨﳌا : ط ،ﺔــﻤﻠﻜﻟا راد ،1
(2008
ص ،
14 -
.17
ﺔﺑﺎﺤﺼﻟا ﻞﺧد ﺎﻤﻛ ،مﻼﺳﻹا ﻲﻜﳌا ﺪﻬﻌﻟا ﰲ ةﻮﻋﺪﻟا ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ لوأ ﰲ
.
- ﺔﻤﻠﺴــﻣ ﲑـﻏ لود ﱃإ ﲔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا ﺾـﻌﺑ ةﺮـﺠﻫ
؛ وأ ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﺴــﻟا ضاﺮـﻏﻷا ﻦـﻣ ضﺮـﻐﻟ
ﺎﻫﲑﻐﻟ وأ ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﺘﻟا وأ ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا
، ﺎﻤﻛ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ ﻮﻫ مﻮﻴﻟا
ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣأو ﺎﺑوروأ ﰲ .
- ﱴﺣ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻢﻬﺘﻴﺴﻨﺟ ﻖﻴﻘﲢو ،ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﻲﺿارأ ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﲑﻏ لﻼﺘﺣا ﻦﻣ اﻮﻨﻜﻤﺘﻳ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﻠﻐﺘﻟا ﺎـﻣ ﻞـﺜﻣ ،ﺎـﻫﲑﻏو ﺔﻳدﺎﺼـﺘﻗﻻاو ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﺴـﻟا تاﻮﻘﻟﺎـﺑو دﺪـﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا
ﺪﻨﳍا ﰲ ثﺪﺣ
1.
ﻞــﺜﳝوﱢُ
ﻤﻠﺴـــﻣ ﻮ ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮـــﺳ مﻼـــﺳﻹﺎﺑ ﻢﻬﻗﺎـــﻨﺘﻋا ﰲ ﻢﻬﳜرﺎـــﺗ ﺪﻬﺸـــﻳ ﺎــﻤﻛ لوﻷا عﻮـــﻨﻟا
،
ﻦــــﻜﻟو ﺔــــﻓﺮﻄﺘﳌا تﺎــــﻬﳉا ﺾــــﻌﺑ فﺪــــ ﱵــــﻟا
ﰲ ﲔﻤﻠﺴــــﳌاو مﻼــــﺳﻹا ﺔــــﻳﻮﻫ ﺲــــﻤﻃ ﱃإ
ﺪـــﺗ ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮـــﺳﱠ ﺚـــﻟﺎﺜﻟا عﻮـــﻨﻟا ﻦـــﻣ ﲔﻤﻠﺴـــﳌا نأ ﻲﻋ
ﻢـــ ﻷ ؛ ﲔﻳذﻮـــﺒﻟا ضرأ اﻮـــﻠﺘﺣا
2، اﺬـــﻫو
ءﺎﻋدا ةﺮﺠﻬﻠﻟ لوﻷا نﺮﻘﻟا ﺬﻨﻣ ﺔﻘﻄﻨﳌا ﰲ ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌاو مﻼﺳﻹا ﺦﻳرﺎﺗ ﻪﻴﻔﻨﻳ .
.3
تﺎﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻩﺎﺠﺗ مﻼﺳﻹا ﻒﻗﻮﻣ
ﰲ تﺎﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﺔﻳدﻮﺟﻮﻟا ﺎﻬﺘﻘﻴﻘﺣ
ﺳ ﻦﻣُ ﻦﻨ ﻖﻟﺎـﳋا ﰲ
ﻟ ؛ﻪـﻘﻠﺧ ﺮﻌﺸـﻴ او ﺑ ﺔـﻗﺪ ﻢﻴـﻈﻨﺗ
ﰒ ﻦـــﻣو ،نﻮـــﻜﻟا اﺬـــﻫ ﺪـــﻌﺗﱡ ُ
ءﺰـــﺟ ﺔـــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﺔـــﻠﺣﺮﻣ تﺎـــﻌﻤﺘ ا ﰲ ﻲﻋﺎـــﻤﺘﺟﻻا ﺞﻴﺴـــﻨﻟا ﻦـــﻣ ًا
ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴــﻧﻹا
، و ﺗ ﺔــﻳﻮﺑﺮﺗ ﺔﺣﺎــﺳ ﻞــﻫﺆﱢ
ﺮــﳝ ﱵــﻟا راﻮــﻃﻷاو ةﺎــﻴﳊا ﻩﺬــﻫ ﺔــﻘﻴﻘﺣ ﺔــﻓﺮﻌﳌ نﺎﺴــﻧﻹا ﱡ ﺎــ
،نﺎﺴــﻧﻹا ﻪـــﻟﻮﻗ ﰲ ﺎـــﻤﻛ
: ذاو نَأ نﻮﻓﺎـــﲣ ضرﻷا ﰲ نﻮﻔﻌﻀـــﺘﺴﻣ ﻞـــﻴﻠﻗ ﻢﺘـــﻧَأ ذإ اوﺮـــﻛَ ُ ََ ِ َْ ِ ُ ْ َْ َ َ ﱡ ٌ َِ ُْ ِْ ُْ ُ ْ َ
نوﺮﻜﺸــــﺗ ﻢــــﻜﻠﻌﻟ تﺎــــﺒﻴﻄﻟا ﻦــــﻣ ﻢــــﻜﻗزرو ﻩﺮﺼــــﻨﺑ ﻢﻛﺪــــﻳَأو ﻢﻛاوﺂــــﻓ سﺎــــﱠﻨﻟا ﻢﻜﻔﻄﺨﺘـــــﻳَ ُُ ْ َ ْ ُﱠََ ِ َﱢﱠ َ ﱢ ََُ ِ ْ َِ ََُ ِ َ ﱠَ َُْ َ ُ ُُ َﱠ َ َ َ
) لﺎــﻔﻧﻷا : (26
، ﻓ ﺔــﻳﻵﺎ ﲑﺸــﺗُ
ــﻠﻋ يﺬــﻟا ﻒﻌﻀــﻟا ﱃإﱠ ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا ﻚــﺌﻟوأ ﻢ
ﱪﺼــﻟا ﺔــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﰲ َ
ﱃإ ،ﻞﻛﻮﺘﻟاو ،ةﺪﻫﺎ او ،ىذﻷا اﻮﻐﻠﺑ نأ
ﷲا ﻦـﻣ ﺎﻫوﺪـﺟو ﱵـﻟا ةﺮﺼـﻨﻟاو ةﻮـﻘﻟا ﺎـﻣ ﺪـﻌﺑ
ﺔﻳﺮﺜﻛأ اورﺎﺻ
، و ﺪﻗ ﻞﻌﺟ ،ﲔﳊﺎﺼﻟاو ﻢﻬﻋﺎﺒﺗأو ءﺎﻴﺒﻧﻷا ﰲ ﺔﻴﳍﻹا ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ
ﻳ ﺪﺒ ؤو ن
كﺎــﻴﻟﻮﺑﻮﺗ 1
،
،ﺪــﻤﳏ نﺎﻤﻴﻠــﺳ ﻲﻣﻼــﺳﻹا ﻪــﻘﻔﻟا ﻲــﻓ ﺔﻤﻠﺴــﻤﻟا تﺎــﻴﻠﻗﻸﻟ ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﺴــﻟا مﺎــﻜﺣﻷا
، ) نﺎــﻤﻋ : دا ،ﺲﺋﺎــﻔﻨﻟا ر
ط ،1
ـﻫ1418
/ م(1997
ص ،
29
،
.30
2Anas, M.S.M., Ameerdeen, V., Vaseel, A.J.L., Ilenkeil Inekkalevarenkelum Muslimkelum, (Colombo: Islamic Book House, 2nd edn., 2008), p23.
ﻮﻋد ا ،ﻦﻳﺪﻬﻄﻀﻣ ﺔﻠﻗ ﻢ ﻴﻟ
ﻮﺼﱠُ
و ،ﺐﺋﺎﺼﳌاو تادﺎﻬﻄﺿﻻﺎﺑ اﻮﻏ ﻳُ
ﺬﻬﱠ ﰒ ،اﻮﺑ ﻳ ﺜﻜ و اوﺮ ﻳ اﻮﻌﺘﻤﺘ
ﺗ ﱵﻟا ﺔﻧزاﻮﺘﳌا ةﺎﻴﳊﺎﺑ ﻦﻣﻷاو راﺮﻘﺘﺳﻻا ثرﻮُ
؛ لﺎﻗ ﺐﻴﻌﺷ ﰲ
ﻪﻣﻮﻗ ﻪﺑﺎﻄﺧو :
ﻻوَ َ
ذإ اوﺮﻛذاو ﺎﺟﻮﻋ ﺎﻬـﻧﻮﻐـﺒـﺗو ﻪﺑ ﻦﻣآ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻠﻟا ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻦﻋ نوﺪﺼﺗو نوﺪﻋﻮﺗ طاﺮﺻ ﻞﻜﺑ اوﺪﻌﻘـﺗِْ ُُْْ َ ًَِ ََ َُْ َِ َِ َ َْ ِّ ِ ِ َ ََ ﱡُ ََ َ ُِ ُ ٍ ِ َُ ﱢ ِْ َُُْ و ﻢﻛﺮـﺜﻜﻓ ﻼﻴﻠﻗ ﻢﺘﻨﻛَ ْ َُﱠَ َ ًَ ِ ُْ ُ ﻦﻳﺪﺴﻔﻤﻟا ﺔﺒﻗﺎﻋ نﺎﻛ ﻒﻴﻛ اوﺮﻈﻧاَ ِ ِ ُْْ َُ َِ َ َ ََ ْ ْ ُُ
) فاﺮﻋﻷا : (.86
سورﺪﻟﺎﻓ تادﺎﻬﻄﺿﻻاو ﺐﺋﺎﺼﳌا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﺔﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻊﻤﺘﳎ ﺎﻬﻤﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﱵﻟا
؛ ﺎﻬﻠﻛ
ﺗُ
و ،ﻢﻴﻘﺘﺴــﳌا طاﺮﺼــﻟا ﱃإ ﻩﺪــﺷﺮ ﻪــﺑ ُﺬﱢ
؛ ﻴﻟ ﳝو ،ﻪﻨــﺳﺎﳏو مﻼــﺳﻹا ﺮﻫﺎــﻈﻣ ﻪــﻴﻓ ﺮــﻬﻈ ﺪَــُ
ح
ﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﻮ و ن إ ﺎﻬﺳ ﺎﻣ ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﲑﻏ ﺮﻌﺸﻳو ،ﻢ ﺔـﻴﻤﻨﺘﻟاو ﺔـﻟوﺪﻟا ﺮﻳﻮـﻄﺘﺑ مﻼﺳﻹا مﺎﻤﺘﻫﺎﺑ
،ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﳌاو مﻼـــﺳﻹا ﺔــﻌﻴﺒﻃ ﻩﺬـــﻫو ،ﺔﻳﺮﺸــﺒﻟا ﻓ
ر نﺎـــﻜﻣ يأ ﰲ نﻮﻤﻠﺴـــﳌا شﺎــﻋ ﻮـــﻠ يؤ
ﺰـــﻴﻤﺘﳌا ﻢﻫﺮـــﺛأ و ﰲ
اﺬـــﻫو ،حﻮـــﺿ ﻩداﺮـــﻣ
ﻪـــﻟﻮﻗ ﻦـــﻣ :
» نإﱠ ـــَـﺜَﻣ ﻠَﻜُ
ﻷا ﰲ ﻢ
ُﻣـــَ
ﻛ َﻢِ
ﻤَﺜـــَ
ﻞِ
ﺸﻟاﱠﻌْ
ﺮَةِ
ـﺒﻟا ﻀَ َﻴْ
ءﺎِ
ﺟ ﰲ ِﻠْ
ﺪِ
ـﺜﻟا ﱠﻮْرِ
ﺳﻷا ْﻮَ
دِ،
ﻛ وأ َ ﻗْﻤَﺮﻟﺎﱠ
1ﺔِ
ذ ﰲ ِرَعاِ
ِﻤَﳊا رﺎِ
«
2، و ﻪـﻴﻓ ﺎﻨﻟ
ﲔــﺑ ﻻﻮــﺒﻗ ﻰــﻗﻻ ﺎــﳌ ﺔــﺜﻌﺒﻟا ﻞــﺒﻗ ﺔــﺒﻴﻃ لﺎﺼــﺧ ﻦــﻣ ﻪــﻨﻋ فﺮ ﻋ ﺎــﻣ ﻻﻮــﻠﻓ ،ﺔﻨﺴــﺣ ةﻮــﺳأً ــُ
لﺎﻗ ؛سﺎﻨﻟا :
اﻮﻀﻔﻧﻻ ﺐﻠﻘﻟا ﻆﻴﻠﻏ ﺎﻈﻓ ﺖﻨﻛ ﻮﻟو ﻢﳍ ﺖﻨﻟ ﻪﻠﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﲪر ﺎﻤﺒﻓْ ﱡ َ َ ِ ْ ْ َ َِ َ َ َ ُ ْ َْ ََ ُ َ ِ ﱠِ َ ﱢ ٍَ َْ ََِ
ﻬـﻨﻋ ﻒﻋﺎﻓ ﻚﻟﻮﺣ ﻦﻣ
َُْ ُ ْ َ َ ِْ َ ِْ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﻛﻮـﺘـﻓ ﺖﻣﺰﻋ اذﺈﻓ ﺮﻣﻷا ﰲ ﻢﻫروﺎﺷو ﻢﳍ ﺮﻔﻐـﺘﺳاو ﻢـََ ْ ـﱠَ ََ َ ـَْ َ ِ ِ َ ِ َْ ـَ ْ ُِْ َ َ ْ َُْ َِْْ َ ْ
ﲔﻠﻛﻮـﺘﻤﻟا ﺐﳛ ﻪﻠﻟا نإ ﻪﻠﻟاَ ِﱢََُ ْ ﱡ ُِ َﱠ ﱠ ِ ِﱠ )
ناﺮﻤﻋ لآ :
(.159
ﱯــﻨﻟا ﻖـﻠﺧ تﺎﻔـﺻ ﻦـﻣ ﺎـﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺎـﻣﻼﻛ ﺔــﻳﻵا ﻩﺬـﻫ ﲑﺴـﻔﺗ ﰲ ﺎـﺿر ﺪﻴـﺷر ﺦﻴﺸـﻟا لﻮـﻘﻳً ً :
"
ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺣ إ ﳊا ﰲ ﺖـﻟﺰﻧ ﺔـﻳﻵا ﻩﺬﻫ ن ﺾـﻌﺑ ﺔـﻔﻟﺎﳐ ﻦـﻣ ﺪـﺣأ ﺔـﻌﻗو ﰲ ﺖﺛﺪـﺣ ﱵـﻟا ﺔـﺛدﺎ
ﱯﻨﻟا ﺮﻣﻷ ﺔﺑﺎﺤﺼﻟا ﻨﻜﻟو ،
ﻪ ﷲا ﻪﺼـﺧ ﺔـﻤﻴﻈﻋ ﺔـﲪر ﺐﺒﺴـﺑ ﲎﺴـﳊﺎﺑ ﻢﻬﻠﻣﺎﻋ
ﱯﻨﻟا ﺬﲣاو ،ﺎ ،ﺐﺋﺎﺼـﳌا ﻪـﻴﻠﻋ نﻮـ ﱵـﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﺎﺴـﻟا ﻢـﻜﳊاو ﺔـﻴﻟﺎﻌﻟا بادﻵا نآﺮـﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ
ﱯﻨﻟا نﺎﻛ ﻮﻟو ،ﺎ ﱪﺘﻌﻤﻠﻟ ﺎﻬﺒﻗاﻮﻋ ﻦﺴﺣو ﺎﻬﻤﻜﺣو ﺎﻬﻌﻓﺎﻨﻣ ﻢﻠﻌﺗو ـﻈﻓ
ﺐـﻠﻘﻟا ﻆﻴـﻠﻏ ﺎ
)1
ﺔـﻤﻗﺮﻟا ( فﺎـﻘﻟا نﺎﻜــﺳإو ءاﺮـﻟا ﺢﺘـﻔﺑ ؛
ﺪﻀـﻋ ﻦﻃﺎــﺑ ﰲ ﺮـﺛأ ﺔـﻤﻗر ﺪﻀــﻋ ﻞـﻛ ﰲ ؛نﺎـﺘﻤﻗر ﺎــﳘو ،رﺎـﻤﳊا
ﺮـﻈﻨﻳُ . : يوﻮــﻨﻟا
،
ﲕﳛ فﺮﺷ ﻦﺑ ﻢﻠﺴـﻣ ﺢﻴﺤـﺻ حﺮـﺷ جﺎﻬﻨﻤﻟا، ،
) توﲑـﺑ : ط ،ﰊﺮـﻌﻟا ثاﱰـﻟا ءﺎـﻴﺣإ راد ،2
ـﻫـ1392
( نﻮـﻛ نﺎـﻴﺑ بﺎـﺑ ،
ج ،ﺔﻨﳉا ﻞﻫأ ﻒﺼﻧ ﺔﻣﻷا ﻩﺬﻫ ص ،3
.98
،ﻢﻠﺴﻣ2
ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ج ،ﺚﻌﺑ جﺮﺧأ مدﻵ ﷲا لﻮﻘﻳ ﻪﻟﻮﻗ بﺎﺑ ،قﺎﻗﺮﻟا بﺎﺘﻛ ،
ص ،5
ﻢﻗر ،2392
.6165
ـﻟﻮﺣ ﻦﻣ اﻮﻀﻔﻧﻻ ﻪ
ﻰـﻠﻋ سﺎـﻨﻟا ﱪﺼـﻳ ﻻو ،ﺔـﻠﻣﺎﻌﳌا ﰲ ﺔـﻈﻠﻐﻟاو ةﻮﺴـﻘﻟا ﻲـﻫ ﺔـﻇﺎﻈﻔﻟا نﻷ ؛
ﻻ ،ﻪﻧﺄــﺷو ﻪــﻧﻮﻛﱰﻳو ،ﻪــﻨﻣ نوﺮــﻔﻳ ﻞــﺑ ،ﻪﻠﺋﺎﻀــﻓ تﺮــﺜﻛ نإو ﻖــﻠﳋا ﻩﺬــﻫ ﺐﺣﺎﺼــﺑ ةﺮــﺷﺎﻌﳌا
،ﺔـﻳاﺪﳍا ﻦـﻣ ﻢﻫﺪـﻌﺒﺗ اذإو ،ﻪـﻴﻟاﻮﺣ ﺔﺴـﻟﺎ او ،ﻪـﻴﻠﻋ لﺎـﺒﻗﻹا ﻊﻓﺎـﻨﻣ ﻦﻣ ﻢ ﻮﻔﻳ ﺎﻣ نﻮﻟﺎﺒﻳ ﱂو
ﷲا ﺮﻣﺄﻳ ﻚﻟﺬﻠﻓ ،ةﻮﻋﺪﻟا ﻢ ﻮﻠﻗ ﻞﺒﻘﺗ ﱯﻨﻟا
ﻢﳍ رﺎﻔﻐﺘﺳﻻاو ،ﻢﻬﻨﻋ ءﺎﻔﻋﻹﺎﺑ ."
1
ﺔﻤﺴﻟا ﻩﺬﻫ تﺮﻬﻇ ﺪﻗو ىﺪﻟ
ﰲ ﰉﺮﺗ يﺬﻟا ﻞﻴﳉا ﺮﺠﺣ
ﱯﻨﻟا ﻘﻳﺮﻃ نأ اﻮـﺘﺒﺛأو ،
ﻪـﺘ
ةﺰﻴﻤﺘﻣ ﻣ ﻖﺋاﺮﻃ ﻦ ﰲ ﻩﲑﻏ ءﻲﺷ ﻞﻛ ـﻴﱡﺰًاﲤ ؛
ﻮـﻠﻏ ﻼـﻓ ،دﺎـﻘﺘﻋﻻاو رﻮﺼﺘﻟا ﰲ ﱠ ﺮـﻄﺗ ﻻو ﱡ
،ف
ﻢﺠﺴﻨﺗ ﻞﺑ ا ﻊﻣ
ـﻴﲤو ،نﺎﺴﻧﻹا ﺎ ﷲا ﺮﻄﻓ ﱵﻟا ةﺮﻄﻔﻟﱡﺰًا ،ﻢﻠﻌﻟاو ﺮﻋﺎﺸﳌاو ﲑﻜﻔﺘﻟا ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﰲ
ﺼﻌﺘﺗ ﻼﻓﱠ ﺖﻤﻠﻋ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﻤﲡ ﻻو ﺐ
و و ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﻔﻟﺎﺨﳌا ﺪﻴﻟﺎﻘﺘﻟا ﺬﺧﺄﺗ ﻻ ا
ﺎﻴﺋاﻮﺸﻋ ةءوﺮﳌ
،
ﺰﻴﻤﺘﻳ ﻖﳊا ﻢﻠﺴﳌﺎﻓ ﻣ
ﺮﻋﺎﺸـﳌاو دﺎـﻘﺘﻋﻻاو ﲑﻜﻔﺘﻟاو ﻢﻠﻌﻟاو رﻮﺼﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ ءﻲﺷ ﻞﻛ ﰲ ﻩﲑﻏ ﻦ
ﺪﺒﻌﺘﻟاو
2، و ﻣ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻢﻬُ
ﻤﻬﻔﺗ نأ ﱞ ﺎﻬ
ﻴﻠﻗﻷا تﺎ ﺔﻤﻠﺴﳌا
؛ نأ ﱠ بﺎـﺑ ﻦـﻣ ﺲﻴـﻟ ﺰﻴﻤﺘﻟﺎـﺑ داﺮﳌا
ﻳ يﺬﻟا مﻮﻠﳌا ﺐﺼﻌﺘﻟا ﻤﻬﱢُ
ﻳو ﻢﻬﻀﻓﺮﻳو ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵا ﺶ ﻂـﻘﻓ ﲔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا نأ ﻦـﻈﻳ وأ ،ﻢﻬﻨـﻋ ﺪـﻌﺒُ
ﻣو رﺎﺘﺨﳌا ﷲا ﺐﻌﺷَ ﻴﺿﺮﱡ
ﻦﻈﻳ ﺎﻤﻛ نﻮﱡ ﻞﺑ ،دﻮﻬﻴﻟا
ﻪﻧإ ﱂ ﱵﻟا ﻢﻬﺼﺋﺎﺼﺧ ﻦﻋ رﺎﺒﺧإ ﻦـﻜﺗ
ﻢ ﺄﺑ ،ﻢﻫﲑﻐﻟ ﲑﺧُُأ
ﻣﱠﺔٍ
ُأو ، ﻣﱠﺔٌ
ﻂﺳو ٌﻟ ﻴ سﺎﻨﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ءاﺪﻬﺷ اﻮﻧﻮﻜ
3.
ﻣ ﺪــﻗو
ُﻠــﺌ ﻛ ﺖُــﺘُ
ﺐُ
ﲑﺴــﻟا يزﺎــﻐﳌاو ﺔﺑﺎﺤﺼــﻟا دﻮــﻬﳉ ﺔــﻴﻗاﺮﻟا لﺎــﺜﻣﻷﺎﺑ
بﻮــﻠﻗ ﻒﻟﺂــﺗ ﰲ
ﺑاﺮـــﺗو ،مﻼـــﺳﻹا ﱃإ ﲔﻤﻠﺴـــﳌا ﲑـــﻏ ،ﲔﻤﻠﺴـــﳌﺎﺑ ﻢﻬﻄُ
ﻦـــﻣ ﻣ ﺔـــﻴﻣأ ﻦـــﺑ ناﻮﻔـــﺻ ءﺎـــﻄﻋ ﻞـــﺜﻣ ـﻨﻤﺘﱢ ُ
ﺎـــﻴً
،ﻪــﻣﻮﻗ مﻼــﺳإ ﻦــﻌﻓ
ﺲــﻧأ لﺎــﻗ
" : ــﺳ ﺎــﻣُ ﷲا لﻮــﺳر ﻞﺌ ﻩﺎــﻄﻋأ ﻻإ ﺎﺌﻴــﺷ مﻼــﺳﻹا ﻰــﻠﻋ ً
؛
لﺎــﻗ : ﻪــﻣﻮﻗ ﱃإ ﻊــﺟﺮﻓ ،ﲔــﻠﺒﺟ ﲔــﺑ ﺎــﻤﻨﻏ ﻩﺎــﻄﻋﺄﻓ ،ﻞــﺟر ﻩءﺎــﺠﻓً
، لﺎــﻘﻓ : مﻮــﻗ ﺎــﻳ
، اﻮﻤﻠــﺳأ
، نﺈــﻓ
ﺔﻗﺎﻔﻟا ﻰﺸﳜ ﻻ ءﺎﻄﻋ ﻲﻄﻌﻳ اﺪﻤﳏً
"،
مﻮـﻴﻟا ﻲﻤﻠﺴـﻣ ىﺪـﻟ ﺖـﺒﺜﺗ ﻻ لﺎﺜﻣﻷا ﻩﺬﻫ ةﺮﻜﻓ ﻦﻜﻟو 4
ﻳُ1
ﺮﻈﻨ : ،ﺎﺿر ﺪﻴﺷر ﺪﻤﳏ
، رﺎﻨﻤﻟا ﺮﻴﺴﻔﺗ ،
) ةﺮﻫﺎﻘﻟا : د ،ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﻳﺮﺼﳌا ﺔﺌﻴﳍا .
،ط (1990
ج ، ص ،4
.163
ﻳُ2
ﺮﻈﻨ : ،ﺐﻄﻗ ﺪﻴﺳ نآﺮﻘﻟا لﻼﻇ ﻲﻓ، ،
) ةﺪﺟ : ط ،ﻢﻠﻌﻟا راد ،12
ـﻫ1406
( ج ، ،1
.125
ﺮﻈﻧا 3
: ،دﻮﻌﻠﳉا سﺎـﻤﳏ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟا ﻲﻓ ةادﺎﻌﻤﻟاو ةﻻاﻮﻤﻟا، ،
) مﺎﻣﺪـﻟا : ط ،يزﻮـﳉا ﻦـﺑا ﺔـﺒﺘﻜﻣ ،2
ــﻫ1410
( ،
ج ص ،2
.594
،ﻢﻠﺴــــﻣ4
ﻴﺤــــﺻ ﺢ ﻢﻠﺴــــﻣ ،ﻞﺋﺎﻀــــﻔﻟا بﺎــــﺘﻛ ، ﷲا لﻮــــﺳر ﻞﺌــــﺳ ﺎــــﻣ بﺎــــﺑ
ﺌﻴــــﺷ ج ،ﻻ لﺎــــﻘﻓ ﻂــــﻗ ﺎً ص ،4
،1806
ﻢﻗر .2312
و ،مﻼﺳﻹا ﻢﻴﻟﺎﻌﺗ اﻮﻤﻬﻔﻳ ﱴﺣ ﻢ ﻮﻠﻗ ﰲ ﺮﻘﺗ
ﻻﺎﳎ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﺸﻟا ﻪﻣﺎﻜﺣأ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴﻧﻹا ةﺎﻴﳊا ت
ﺎﻬﻠﻛ .
صﺮــﳛ ﺎــﳕإ ﺔﻤﻠﺴــﻣ ﲑــﻏ مأ ﺔﻤﻠﺴــﻣ ﺖــﻧﺎﻛأ ءاﻮــﺳ تﺎــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻦــﻣ ﻪــﻔﻗﻮﻣ ﰲ مﻼــﺳﻹﺎﻓ ﺪــﻴﻌﺒﻟا نزاﻮـﺘﳌا ﺮــﻈﻨﻟا لﻼـﺧ ﻦـﻣ ﻚــﻟذو ،ﺔـﻳﺮﺜﻛﻷاو ﺔــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﲔـﺑ ﻞﻛﺎﺸـﳌاو عزﺎــﻨﺘﻟا ﺬـﺒﻧ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﻦﻣ ﻦﻜﻤﺘﺘﻟ ﺔﻋﺎﲨ ﻞﻜﻟ تﺎﺒﺟاﻮﻟاو قﻮﻘﳊا ﻢﻬﻓ ﻦﻤﻀﻳ ﺎﲟ ﺐﺼﻌﺘﻟاو دﻮﻤﳉا لﺎﻜﺷأ ﻦﻋ اﻮﻣ ﻊــﻤﺘ ا ﰲ ﺎــﻬﺒﻗاﻮﻋ ﱃإ ﺔــﻬﺒﻨﺘﻣ ﻢــﻜﳏ ﻲﻋﺮــﺷ ﻂﻴــﻄﲣ ﰲ ﺎﻬــﺿﱰﻌﺗ ﱵــﻟا تﺎﻳﺪــﺤﺘﻟا ﺔـﻬﺟً ﱢ ُ ُ
ﺔﻴﻤﻴﺗ ﻦﺑا لﻮﻘﻳ ؛ﺔﻣﺎﻌﺑ :
"
ﻢـﻠﻌﻳ يﺬـﻟا ﻞـﻗﺎﻌﻟا ﺎﳕإو ،ﺮﺸﻟا ﻦﻣ ﲑﳋا ﻢﻠﻌﻳ يﺬﻟا ﻞﻗﺎﻌﻟا ﺲﻴﻟ
ﻦﻳﺮﺸــﻟا ﺮــﺷو ﻦﻳﲑــﳋا ﲑـﺧ
"،
ﻢــﻠﻌﻳو 1
"
ﺎــﻬﻠﻴﻤﻜﺗو ﱀﺎﺼــﳌا ﻞﻴﺼــﲢ ﻰــﻠﻋ ﺎــﻫﺎﻨﺒﻣ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸــﻟا نأ
ﺪــﺳﺎﻔﳌا ﻞــﻴﻄﻌﺗو ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸــﻟا ﺔﺤﻠﺼــﳌا ﻦــﻣ كﱰــﻟاو ﻞــﻌﻔﻟا ﰲ ﺎــﻣ نزاﻮــﻳ ﱂ ﻦــﻤﻓ ﻻإو ،ﺎــﻬﻠﻴﻠﻘﺗو
تﺎﻣﺮﳏ ﻞﻌﻔﻳو تﺎﺒﺟاو عﺪﻳ ﺪﻘﻓ ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸﻟا ةﺪﺴﻔﳌاو
".
2
و ﻎـﻠﺑ نأ ﺪـﻌﺑ ﺎﻤﻴـﺳ ﻻو ،ﻞـﺣ ﺎـﻤﺜﻴﺣو نﺎـﻛ ﺎﻤﻨﻳأ ﻢﻠﺴﳌا ةﺎﻴﺣ نﻮﻜﺗ ﺞﻬﻨﻟا اﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋﱠ
ﳍﺎــــﻤﻋأ ﺔــــﺳرﺎﳑ ءﺎــــﻨﺛأ ﰲ ﻩﺎــــﺒﺘﻧﻻا ﲔﻤﻠﺴــــﻤﻠﻟ ﻲــــﻐﺒﻨﻴﻓ ،ﻎــــﻠﺑ ﺎــــﻣ مﻼــــﺳﻹا ءاﺪــــﻋ رﺎــــﻬﻇإو ﻢ
ﺦﻴﺸــﻟا لﻮــﻘﻳ ؛تﺎﻘﺸــﳌاو ىذﻷا لﺎــﻤﺘﺣا ﰲ ﱪﺼــﻟاو ،ﻢﻫﺮﺋﺎﻌــﺷ ﻢﻴــﻈﻌﻟا ﺪــﺒﻋ ﺪــﻤﳏ ﺪــﲪأ
ﻞــﺒﳉا
" : ،ﺎــ ﺎﺑﺎﻏ ﰲ ﺔــﻴﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟا رﺎﺠــﺷﻷا ﺶﻴــﻋ ﲔﻏﺎــﺒﻟا ةﺎــﻐﻄﻟا لﻼــﻇ ﰲ تﺎــﻋﺎﻤﳉا ﺶﻴــﻋ
ﲢو ،قﺮﻐﻟاو قﺮﳊا ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﻮﻄﺴﻳ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﰲ ﺔﻔﺛﺎﻜﺘﳌا شاﺮﺣﻷاوُ ﻄﱢ
،ءاﻮـﻧﻷاو ﻒﺻاﻮﻌﻟا ﺎﻬﻤ
ﻷا ﺎﻬﻔﺼــﻘﺗو ﺮﺼــﺘﻳو ،ماﺪــﻗﻷاو يﺪــﻳﱠ
ﻂﺑﺎــﳋاو ،ﻰــﻤﻋﻷا ﺐــﻃﺎﳊا ﺎــﻬﻋوﺮﻓو ﺎﻬﻠﺋﺎﺼــﻓ ﰲ ف
ﰲ راﺪـﻗﻷاو ﺔﻓﺪﺼﻠﻟ رﺎﻴﳋا ﺎﳕإو ،ﺶﻴﻌﺗ نأ ﲔﺒﻃﺎﳊا ﺔﲪر ﺎﳍ تءﺎﺷ ﺎﻣ ﺶﻴﻌﺘﻓ ،ﻰﺸﻋﻷا ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻋ وأ ةﺮﻤﺜﻣ ،ﺔﻤﻴﻘﺘﺴﻣ وأ ﺔﺟﻮﻌﻣ ﻞﻈﺗ نأ
"
. 3
ﺎﻛﻧﻼﯾرﺳ ﺔﻟودﺑ فﯾرﻌﺗ
ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮــﺳ ةﺮــﻳﺰﺟ ﻲـــﻫو ،ﺎﻴـــﺳآ ﻲﻗﺮــﺷ ﰊﻮـــﻨﺟ لود ىﺪـــﺣإ
ﺎـــﻬﻋﻮﻗﻮﻟ ؛خﺎـــﻨﳌا ﺔﻴﺋاﻮﺘـــﺳا
ﺎﻬﺘﺣﺎﺴــﻣ ﻢــﻏر ﻲــﻫو ،ءاﻮﺘــﺳﻻا ﻂــﺧ لﺎــﴰ ــﻟا
ةﲑﻐﺼ ،ﺔــﻴﻌﻴﺒﻄﻟا ﺎﻫردﺎﺼــﲟ ﺔــﻴﻨﻏ ﻦــﻋ ﻼﻀــﻓً
،ﺔﻴﻤﻴﺗ ﻦﺑا 1
ىوﺎﺘﻔﻟا عﻮﻤﺠﻣ ،
) توﲑﺑ : ط ،ءﺎﻓﻮﻟا راد ،3
ـﻫ1426
/ م(2005
ج ، ص ،20
.54
ﻪﺴﻔﻧ رﺪﺼﳌا2
ج ، ص ،10
.512
ﻞﺒﳉا 3
، ،ﻢﻴﻈﻌﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ﺪﻤﳏ ﺪﲪأ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟا ﺪﺻﺎﻘﻣ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻣﻷا ﻦﻣأ
، )ﻟا ةﺮﻫﺎﻘ : ط ،مﻼﺴﻟا راد ،1
(2009
ص ، .31
ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟا دﻼﺒﻟاو سرﺎﻓو ﲔﺼﻟاو ﺪﻨﳍا ﲔﺑ ةرﺎﺠﺘﻠﻟ ﻲﺠﻴﺗاﱰﺳﻹا ﺎﻬﻌﻗﻮﻣ .
ﺔﻤﺴــــﻧ نﻮــــﻴﻠﻣ20ﻰــــﻠﻋ ﻢﻫدﺪــــﻋ ﻮــــﺑﺮﻳ ﺎ ﺎﻜــــﺳ مﺎــــﻋ تﺎﻴﺋﺎﺼــــﺣإ ﺐﺴــــﺣ
،2012
ﺳﺎﻨﺟأو ﻢﻬ ﺎﻧﺎﻳدو ،ﺔﻋﻮﻨﺘﻣ ﻢ
ﳐ ﻨﻣ ،ﺔﻔﻠﺘ ﺎﻬ : ﺔﻴﻧاﺮﺼﻨﻟاو ،مﻼﺳﻹاو ،ﺔﻴﺳوﺪﻨﳍاو ،ﺔﻳذﻮﺒﻟا
1:
- ،ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮـﺳ ﺐﻌــﺷ ﻦـﻣ ﺔــﻋﻮﻤﳎ ﱪـﻛأ نﻮــﻳذﻮﺒﻟا ﺪـﻌﻳو وﳝُﺜ
نﻮــﻠﱢ ﺔﺒﺴـﻧ
70.19
ﻦــﻣ %
نﺎﻜﺴﻟا ﱄﺎﲨإ .سوﺪـــﻨﳍا ﻢﻬﻴـــﻠﻳ -
، و ﻣﺎﺘﻟا ﺔـــﻐﻠﻟا نﻮـــﻤﻠﻜﺘﻳو ،ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮـــﺳ ﰲ ﱃوﻷا ﺔـــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻢـــﻫ ﻴ
،ﺔـــﻴﻠ
وﳝُﺜ نﻮﻠﱢ ﺔﺒﺴﻧ
12.61
نﺎﻜﺴﻟا ﱄﺎﲨإ ﻦﻣ %
.
- ـــﻣأ ﻴﻓ نﻮﻤﻠﺴـــﳌا ﺎ ﺜﻤﱢُ
نﻮـــﻠ ﺔﺒﺴـــﻧ
9.71
ﻦـــﻣ %
ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮـــﺳ نﺎﻜـــﺳ ﱄﺎـــﲨإ ﻢﻠﻜﺘـــﻳو ،
ﻣﺎﺘﻟا ﺔﻐﻠﻟا ﻢﻬﻤﻈﻌﻣ ﻴ
ﺔﻴﻠ
. ﳝُﺜﱢﻚﻴﻟﻮﺛﺎﻜﻟا ىرﺎﺼﻨﻟا ﰒ - نﻮﻠ
ﺔﺒﺴـﻧ
6.10
و ،%
ﻦـﻣ ﻢﻫﲑـﻏ ﳝ ىرﺎﺼـﻨﻟاُﺜﱢ
نﻮـﻠ ﺔﺒﺴـﻧ
1.35
نﺎﻜﺴﻟا ﱄﺎﲨإ ﻦﻣ%
.
ﺔﻣﻠﺳﻣﻟا ﺔﯾﻠﻗﻷا ﺎﻬﻬﺟاوﺗ ﻲﺗﻟا تﺎﯾدﺣﺗﻟا ﺎﻛﻧﻼﯾرﺳ ﻲﻓ
عﻮــﻨﺘﺗ ﺎﻳﺪــﺤﺘﻟا ﻩﺬــﻫ ت
ﺎــﻤﻛ ﺔــﻔﻠﺘﳐ تﺎــﻬﺟ ﻦــﻣ ﺎــﻴﻣﻮﻳ دادﺰــﺗو ﻊــﻣ ثﺪــﳛ
تﺎــﻴﻠﻗﻷا
تﺎﻳﺪـﺤﺘﻟا ﻩﺬـﻫ ﻢﺴـﻘﻧ نأ ﺎـﻨﻟ ﻦـﻜﳝو ،ﱂﺎـﻌﻟا لﻮﺣ ﺔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﱃإ
: ﻊـﻤﺘﳎ ﺎﻫرﺪﺼـﻣ ﺔـﻴﺟرﺎﺧ
ﺔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﲑﻏ ﺔﻳﺮﺜﻛﻷا ﺎﻫرﺪﺼﻣ ﺔﻴﻠﺧادو ،
ﺎﻬﺴﻔﻧ ﺔﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻊﻤﺘﳎ .
.1
ﺔﻴﺟرﺎﺨﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟا :
ﻳﺮﺳ ﰲ ﺔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﺔﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻪﺟاﻮﺗ ﱵﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟا ﺮﺜﻛأ ،ﺎـﻴﻣﻮﻳ ﻢﻗﺎـﻔﺘﺗ ذإ ؛ﺎـﻫﺮﻄﺧأو ﺎﻜﻧﻼ
ﱃإ ﺎﻫدر ﻦﻜﳝوﱡ ُ :
ﺔﻳﺮﺼﻨﻋو ،ﺔﻴﻨﻳد
، و ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺛ ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗو ،ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟا
، ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﺳو ،ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗاو .
:ﺔﻴﻨﻳﺪﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘﻟا أ .
- ﺮﺸـــﻧ ﻦــــﻋ ةاﱰــــﻔﳌا تﺎــــﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا لﻮــــﺳﺮﻟا
ﻦـــﻋو نآﺮــــﻘﻟا ؛ﱘﺮــــﻜﻟا ﺾﻳﺮــــﺤﺘﻟ
ﲑــــﻏ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا مﻼﺳﻹا
.
- ﻠﻗﺮﻋ ﺔ ءادأ ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﻢﻫﺮﺋﺎﻌﺷ
ﺪﻟا ﺔﻴﻨﻳ ﰲ ﺔﻠﻣﺎﻛ ﺔﻳﺮﺣ .
1 Mohideen, M.I.M., Anti-Muslim Riots in Alutgama and Beruwala–15 June 2014, (Colombo: Al-Ceylon Muslim Documentation Centre, 2014), from Introduction to p3.
- ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﻤﻠﻟ ﺔــﻟوﺪﻟا رﻮﺘــﺳد ﺎــﻫزﺎﺟأ ﱵــﻟا ﺔﻴﺼــﺨﺸﻟا لاﻮــﺣﻷا مﺎــﻜﺣأ ﻰــﻠﻋ مﻮــﺠﳍا
مﺎﻋ .1951
1
- ﺔـﺑرﺎﳏ سﺎــﺒﻠﻟا ءاﺪـﺗرا ﻰــﻠﻋ ﻦﻫرﺎـﺒﺟإو ،تﺎﻤﻠﺴــﻤﻠﻟ ﻲﻣﻼـﺳﻹا سﺎــﺒﻠﻟا ،يﺪــﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا
إو ماﺰــــﻟ تﺎﻤﻠﺴــــﳌا تﺎــــﺒﻟﺎﻄﻟا ــــﺑ
ﻦﻬﻫاﺮــــﻛإو ،ﲑﺼــــﻘﻟا ﻲــــﺳرﺪﳌا يﺰﻟﺎ ﻰــــﻠﻋ
ﺾــــﻌﺑ
ﺪﺒﻌﺘﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺗ ﱵﻟا لﺎﻤﻋﻷا ﻦﻫﱠ
سراﺪﳌا نﻮﻧﺎﻗ فﻼﺧ
2.
؛ﻟ ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ ءﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻌﲨ ﺎ رﺪﺻأ ﱵﻟا ( لﻼﺣ) ﺔﻣﻼﻋ ﺔﻟازإ - ﻠ
ﺰﻴﻴﻤﺘ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻤﻌﻃﻷا
3.
ب . ﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘ ﻟا
ﺔﻳﺮﺼﻨﻌ
- ﺰﻴﻴﻤﺘﻟا يﺮﺼﻨﻌﻟا ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣَِِ
،سوﺪﻨﳍاو ﲔﻳذﻮﺒﻟا ﺎـ فﱰـﻌﺗ ﱵـﻟا تﺎـﻛﺮﳊا ﺎﻤﻴﺳ ﻻو
ﻞـﺜﻣ ﻦـﻣ ،ﻢﻛﺎـﳊا بﺰـﳊا ﺪﻧﺎﺴﺗو ،ﺔﻴﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺴﻟا ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊاُ :
ﺑوذﻮﺑ ﺎﻨﻴـﺳﻻﺎ
Bodhu
Bala Sena
4، ﺎـﻳﺎﻣوروأ ﻼﻴﻫ ﺎﻜﻴﺗﺎﺟو
National Heritage Party
5؛ ﻞـﻤﻌﺗ ذإ
ﻰــﻠﻋ تﺎــﻛﺮﳊا ﻩﺬــﻫ ــﳏ قاﺮــﺣإو ،ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا تﺎــﻜﻠﺘﳑ ﺐــ و ﺪﺟﺎﺴــﳌا مﺪــﻫ
ﺎﳍ ؛ﻢ
ﰲ ﻻاوﲑﺑو ﺎﻣﺎﲡﻮﻟأ ﰲ ثﺪﺣ ﺎﻤﻛ ﻞﻇ ﱢ
ﺎﺸـﻛﺎﺑﺎﺟار اﺪـﻨﻴﻫﺎﻣ ﺔـﻣﻮﻜﺣ
Mahinda
Raja Paksha
ﻳﺮﺳ ﺔﻳرﻮﻬﻤﳉ ﻖﺑﺎﺴﻟا ﺲﻴﺋﺮﻟا ﺎﻜﻧﻼ
6.
- ﺮﺸﻧ ﻷا ذﺎﻛ ﺐﻳ ﺔﻓﺎﺧﻹ ﺔﻳﺮﺜﻛﻷا
ﻳذﻮﺒﻟا ﺔ،
ﻦﻣ ﻞﺜﻣ ءﺎﻋدﻻا و ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﺮﺛﺎﻜﺘﺑ دﺎﻳدزا
ﻢﻫرﺎﺸﺘﻧاو ﻢﻫدﺪﻋ ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﲑﺼﺘﻟ ؛
ﺔﻠﻴﻠﻗ تاﻮﻨﺳ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻤﻠﺴﻣ ﺔﻟود ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ
7.
1http://www.colombopage.com/archive_16B/Nov11_1478879448CH.php
2 Farook,Latheef, Muslims of Srilanka Under Siege, (Sri Lanka: Printed by Addictive International, 1st edn., 2014), p113-114.
3 Idrees, A.B.M., Halal Ndaimuraium Savalkalum, (Colombo: Published By Kaham, 1st edn, 2013), p19-21.
ﺎﻫﺮﻘﻣ ﺔﻳذﻮﺑ ﺔﻤﻈﻨﻣ 4
ﻌﻟا ﻮﺒﳌﻮﻛ ﺔﻤﺻﺎ مﺎﻋ ﺎﻬﺴﺳأ ،
ﺮﻟا 2012
ا نﺎﺒﻫ : راﲑﺗ ارﺎﺳﺎﻧﺎﻧ ﺎﺗأ ادﻮﺟﻻﺎﺟو ،يذﻮﺟ ﻻﺎﳝو ﺎﻣاﲑﻛ .
ﺮﻈﻨﻳُ
:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bodu_Bala_Sena
ﺎﻫﺮﻘﻣ ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺔﻳذﻮﺑ ﺔﻛﺮﺣ 5
ﻌﻟا ﻮﺒﳌﻮﻛ ﺔﻤﺻﺎ مﺎﻋ ﺎﻬﺴﺳأ ،
ﺐﻫاﺮﻟا2004
ﲑﺗ ﻻﺎﻜﻧﺎﻣﻮﺳ اوﺎﻧﻮﻟﻮﻛ رﻮﻬﺸﳌا يذﻮﺒﻟا .
ﻳُ
ﺮﻈﻨ : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jathika_Hela_Urumaya
ﺎﻣﺎﲡﻮﻟأ 6
و ﻻاوﲑﺑ ﻨﺟ ﰲ ﻮ ﰊ ﺎﻜﺳ ﺐﻟﺎﻏو ،ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ و ،نﻮﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﰒ نﻮﻳذﻮﺒﻟا ﺎﻤ
ﻟ ﻤﻠﺴﻤﻠ ﲔ ﺎﻤﻬﻴﻓ ﺘﺳﻻا ﺬﻨﻣ دﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا ةﻮﻗ ﻴ
نﺎﻄ
. .http://www.yarl.com/forum3/topic/129258 :ﺮﻈﻨ ﻳُ7
- ةرﺎﺛإ ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﲔﻳذﻮﺒﻟا ﺪﺿ
ﻟ ﱵـﻟا ﺔـﻣﻮﻜﳊا ﲔـﺑ ﺖﻌﻟﺪـﻧا ﺎـﻤﻛ ﻢﻬﻨﻴﺑ بﺮﳊا ﻊﻟﺪﻨﺘ
ﲤُﺜﱢ ﻷا ﻞ ﺔﻳﺮﺜﻛ ﺣ ﲔﺑو ﺔﻳذﻮﺒﻟا ﻣﺎﺘﻟا رﻮﻤﻨﻟا ﺔﻛﺮ
ﻴ ﲤ ﱵﻟا ﻞُﺜﱢ ﳍا ﺔﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻞ
ﺔﻴﺳوﺪﻨ
1.
- دﺮــﻃ ﻤﻠﺴــﳌا ﲔ ﰲ ﺎﻤﻴــﺳ ﻻو ،ﺎــﻬﻴﻟإ ةدﻮــﻌﻟا ﻦــﻣ ﻢﻬﻌﻨــﻣو ،ﺎــﻫﻼﺘﺣاو ﻢﻬﻴــﺿارأ ﻦــﻣ
لﺎﻤﺸﻟا ﺔﻈﻓﺎﳏ
2.
ج . ﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘ ﻟا
ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜ ﻻا ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟ
- ـــﺗ ﺎـــ أو ،ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا ﲑـــﻏ تﺎـــﻓﺎﻘﺛ ﺔـــﻳدﺎﻌﻣ ﺎــ ﺄﺑ ﺔﻴﻣﻼـــﺳﻹا ﺔـــﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا مﺎــ اُ ﻓﻮﱢ
ﺎـــﻌﺗﺮﻣ ﺮً
ﻟ ﺎﺒﺼﺧً فﺮﻄﺘﻟاو بﺎﻫرﻹا ﺦﻳﺮﻔﺘ
3.
- ﺮﺛﺄــﺗﱡ بﺎﺒــﺷ ﻤﻠﺴــﳌا ﺔــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﺔ
ﺔــﻓﺎﻘﺜﺑ ﺔــﻳﺮﺜﻛﻷا ﺾــﻌﺑ لﺎــﻄﺑإ ﱢﺪــﺣ ﱃإ ﺔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا ﲑــﻏ
ﻞـــﺜﻣ ﻦــﻣ ،ﺔﻴﻣﻼـــﺳﻹا ﻢﻴــﻘﻟا :
،طﻼﺘـــﺧﻻا ءردو ،ﻞـــﺟﺮﻟا ﺔــﻣاﻮﻗو ،ﺔـــﻳﻮﺑﻷا ﺔﻄﻠﺴــﻟا
رﻮﻔﺴﻟا ﻊﻨﻣو
4.
د.
ﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘ ﻟا
ﺔﻴﻤﻴﻠﻌﺘ
- ﻟ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊا سراﺪﳌا ﻢﻈﻌﻣ ﻠ
ﺗ ﲔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا ﺔﺒﻠﻄ ﻠﲣ ﻪـﺟاﻮُ
ﱡـﻔ حاﻮـﻧ ﻦـﻣ ةﺪـﻋ تﺎٍ
،ﺔـﻔﻠﺘﳐ
ﻦﻣ ﻞﺜﻣ : ـﺳرﺪﳌا ﺔﻠﻗو ،ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟاو ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻠﻟ سﺎﺳﻷا داﻮﳌا ﲑﻓﻮﺗ مﺪﻋ ﲔ
،ﲔﺼـﺼﺨﺘﳌا
ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا بادﻵا عﺎﺒﺗﺎﺑ ةﺬﺗﺎﺳﻷاو ﺔﺒﻠﻄﻟا ﲔﺑ مﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻا ﺔﻠﻗو
5.
1Farook, Latheef, Mayhem During Curfew: Attacks on Aluthgama, Dharga Town and Beruwala Muslims, (Sri Lanka: Addictive International (Pvt.) Ltd., 1st edn, 2014), p77-78.
2 H. Hasbullah, Shahul, Denying the Right to Return: Resettlement in Musali South and the Wilpattu Contrroversy, (Colombo: Kandy Forum,1st edn, 2015), p5-6.
3Murasil, Muthur, “Muslimkelum Samekale Pirechinaikelum”, Muslims and Contemporary Issues, (Mutur, Sri Lanka: Published By Peace Home, 1st edn, 2013), Part-1, p46-49.
4Fazlan, M.F.M., Singhala Padasalaihalil Muslim Manavarkhal, (Gelioya, Srilanka:
Published By Lucky Book Shop, 1st edn, 2011), p18.
5Noufal, Mohamed Thamby Mohamed, Challenges Faced by Muslims in Sri Lanka, (Maruthamunai, Sri Lanka: ABNA Printers, 1st edn, 2015), p27-30.
- ﺪــﻨﻋ ﺎــﻴﻠﻌﻟا تﺎــﺳارﺪﻟﺎﺑ مﺎــﻤﺘﻫﻻا ﺔـﻠﻗ ﻟا
او ،ﲔﻤﻠﺴــﳌا ﺔــﺒﻠﻄ ﻗ
رﺎﺼــﺘ ﻪــﻓاﻮﺗ ﰲ ﻢﳍﺎــﻣآ
؛ءﺎﻴﺷﻷا ﺐﺒﺴﺑ
ﺔﺑﻮﻌﺻ ﻻا
قﺎﺤﺘﻟ ﺑ ﺪﺋﺎﺴـﻟا ﺮـﻘﻔﻟاو ،ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻌﻣﺎﳉا ﺔﻠﺣﺮﳌﺎ
ﰲ لﻮﲢ ﱵﻟا ﺔﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﺮﺛأو ،ﻊﻤﺘ ا ﲔﺑ
ﺔﺒﻠﻄﻟا و ﱄﺎﻌﻟا ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟا .
- مﺪﻋ فاﱰﻋا ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊا ﻰﻠﻋ ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﺔﺒﻠﻄﻟا ﱪﳚ ﺎﳑ ،ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا سراﺪﳌاو ﺪﻫﺎﻌﳌﺎﺑ ُ
،ﺔﻴﻣﻼـــﺳﻹا ﲑـــﻏ ﺔـــﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊا تﺎﺴـــﺳﺆﳌا ﰲ ﺔـــﺳارﺪﻟا نأ ﻮـــﻟو
ﺔـــﻣﻮﻜﳊا ـــﺼﺧﱠ
ﺖﺼ
ـــﳌ سراﺪـــﻣ ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮـــﺳ ﻲﻤﻠﺴ
ﻢﻬﻘﻃﺎـــﻨﻣ ﰲ ،
نﺈـــﻓ رﺮـــﻘﳌا تا ﻴـــﺳارﺪﻟا ﻢـــﳍ ةﺪـــﺣاو ﺔ
ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا ﻢ ﺎﺳرﺎﳑ ءادأ ﻖﺣ ﻢﻬﺤﻨﲤ ﻻ ﺎ أ ﻦﻋ ﻼﻀﻓ ،ﻢﻫﲑﻐﻟوﱠ ً .
- ةﲑﺜﻛ تاﲑﻴﻐﺗ ﺔﻳﺪﻴﻠﻘﺘﻟا ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹا سراﺪﳌا ﺐﻠﻄﺘﺗ أﺪﺒﺗ
ﺑ ﻹا تﺎﻤﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺎ ﻻو ،ﺔـﻳراد
ﻲﻬﺘﻨﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ،ﻲﺳارﺪﻟا رﺮﻘﳌا نأ ﺎﻤﻴﺳ ﻻو
ﺎﻬﻴﳚﺮﺧ ﲑﺼﻣ ﺔﻟﺎﻄﺒﻟاﱢ .
- ﺮﺛﺄـﺗﱡ ﲔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا ﺔـﺒﻠﻄﻟا ﻢﻬﺋاﺪــﻋ ﰲ ﺎﻤﻴـﺳ ﻻو ،ﲔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا ﲑـﻏ ﻦـﻣ ﻢـﻬﺋﻼﻣز رﺎـﻜﻓﺄﺑ
تﺎــﻗﻼﻋ ﱃإ ﻢــ يدﺆــﻳ وأ ،ﻢﻬﻨــﻴﺑ ﺎــﻤﻴﻓ ﺔــﻴﻗﺮﻌﻟا ﻞﻛﺎﺸــﳌا ﲑــﺜﻳ ﺪــﻗ ﺎــﳑ ،مﻼــﺳﻺﻟ جاوﺰﻟا ﺔﻴﻋوﺮﺸﲟ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺗ ةﺪﺳﺎﻓ
1.
- اوﺮﻓﺎــﺳو ،ﻢﻫءﺎــﻨﺑأ اﻮــﻛﺮﺗ نأ ﱃإ ﻞــﻫﻷﺎﺑ ىدأ ﻊﻗﺪــﳌا ﺮــﻘﻔﻟاﱠ ﺎــﳑ ،ﺐﺴــﻜﻟاو ﻞــﻤﻌﻠﻟ
ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻳﺎﻨﻌﻟا ﻞﻠﻗﱠ
2.
ه . ﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘ ﻻا
ﺔﻳدﺎﺼﺘﻗ
ﻟ ﺔﻳدﺎﺼـﺘﻗﻻا ةﻮﻘﻟا ﺪﻌﺗﱡ ُ ﺔـﻴﻠﻗﻸ
ـﳌا ﻤﻠﺴ ﺔ
؛ﲔﻤﻠﺴـﳌا ﲑـﻐﻟ ﺎـﻬﻨﻣ ﻰـﻠﻋأ ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮـﺳ ﰲ اﺮـﻈﻧً
إ ﱃ ﻤﻠﺴــــﳌا مﺎـــﻤﺘﻫا ﲔ
،اﲑــــﺒﻛ ﺎــــﻣﺎﻤﺘﻫا ﺔــــﻴﻟﺎﳌا ﻢ اوﺮــــﺛ دﺎــــﻳدزﺎﺑ ً ً ﺪــــﻘﻓ
ﻢــــﻈﻌﻣ ﻰــــﻠﻋ اوﺮﻄﻴــــﺳ
رﺎﺠﺘﻟا تا ،ﺔﻤﻬﳌا ﺎﻤﻴﺳ ﻻو
و ،ﺔﳝﺮﻜﻟا رﺎﺠﺣﻷا ةرﺎﲡ ﺨﺒﻟاو ،ﻞﺑاﻮﺘﻟا
ﻮ ﺲﺑﻼﳌاو ،ر اداﲑﺘﺳا ؛ً
،اﺮﻳﺪﺼﺗوً ﰲو
ﺔﻤﻬﳌا ﻖﻃﺎﻨﳌا ﻦﻣ ﲑﺜﻛ
3؛ اﺬﻟ ﺮﻬﻈﻳ ﺪﺴﳊا ﰲ بﻮـﻠﻗ ﻦـﻣ سﺎـﻨﻟا ﺾـﻌﺑ ﲑـﻏ
1M.F.M. Fazlan, Singhala Padasalaihalil Muslim Manavarkhal, p29-37.
2Abdul Wajid, M.L., Velinattu Velaivaippum Manavar Kalvium, (Madampe, Sri Lanka: Published By Islahiyyah Publication Centre, 1st edn, 2013), p44-55.
3Ameen, M.I.M.., Ilenkai Muslimkelin Varelarum Kalasaremum, (History and Culture of Sri Lankan Muslims and Culture), (Colombo: Islamic Book House, 2nd edn, 2009), p47-49.
،ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﺑ ﻢﻬﻨﻣ ﲔﻔﻳﺮﻄﺘﳌا ﺾﻌﺑ مﺎﻘﻓ
ﻢﻬﻴﺿارأ لﻼﺘﺣاو ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌا لﺎﳏ قاﺮﺣﺈﱢ
1.
و . ﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘ ﻟا
ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﺴ
ﻪــﺟاﻮﻳُ
ﻤﻠﺴــﻣ ﻮ ﻼﻳﺮــﺳ ﺎﻜﻧ ﲑــﺜﻛ ﺔﻴﺳﺎﻴﺴــﻟا تﺎﻳﺪــﺤﺘﻟا ﻦــﻣ اً ﱵــﻟا
ــﺜﲝ جﺎــﺘﲢًﺎ ،ﻼﻘﺘﺴــﻣ ً
ـــﻳ ﻦـــﻜﻟوُ ﱃإ ﺚـــﺤﺒﻟا ﲑﺸ رﻮﺘـــﺳﺪﻟﺎﻓ ،زﺎـــﳚﺈﺑ ﺎـــﻬﻴﻓ ﺎـــﻣ ﻢـــﻫأ
ـــﻟا ﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺴ ﻊﻧﺎـــﳝ ﻻ ﻲُ ـــﱡﺷﱰﻟا
ﺢ
ﻫو ،ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ ﻲﻤﻠﺴﳌ ﺖﻳﻮﺼﺘﻟاو اﺬ
فوﺮﻌﻣ ﻦﻣ
لﻼﻘﺘﺳا ﻞﺒﻗ أ ﻦﻣ نإ ﱴﺣ ؛دﻼﺒﻟا ْ ِ
ﻣ لوَﻦِ
ﲑﺘﺧا ﻟ ﺲﻠﺠﻤﻠ ﻟا
ﺬﻴﻔﻨﺘ ﻋﺪﻳ ﺎﻤﻠﺴﻣ نﺎﻛ يُ ً ﻰ
) مإ . ﻲﺳ . ﻦﲪﺮﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ
2( مﺎـﻋ
، 1889
ﻢـﻏرو
اﺬﻫ ﻟ اﻮﺿﺮﻌﺗﱠ تﺎﻘﻳﺎﻀﳌا ﻦﻣ ﲑﺜﻜ ﺪـﻘﻓ ،ﻢﻫءﺎـﻤﺘﻧا ﺺﳜ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ
لوﺎـﺣ ـﻟا ﺎـﻣار مﻼﺒﻣﺎـﻧﻮﺑ ﲑﺴ
ناذﺎﻧ إﳊ ﺎ ﻣﺎﺘﻟا سوﺪﻨﳍﺎﺑ ﻢﻬﻗ ﻲﻫ ةﺪﺣاو ﺔﻐﻠﺑ نﻮﻤﻠﻜﺘﻳ ﺎﻌﻴﲨ ﻢ ﻷ ﻞﻴً
ﻣﺎﺘﻟا ﻴ ﺔﻴﻠ
3، و ﱃإ مﻮﻴﻟا
لﺬﺒﻳ ﻳذﻮﺒﻟا نﻮ ﻫدﻮﻬﺟ ﻰﺼﻗأ سوﺪﻨﳍاو ﻢ
ﻠﺴﳌا ﺶﻴﻤﻬﺘﻟ ﻴﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﲔﻤ
ﺎ ،ﺔـﻔﻠﺘﺨﳌا ﻞﺣاﺮﳌا ﰲ
ﺎﻤﻴﺳ ﻻو و ،ﻲﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺴﻟا رﻮﺘﺳﺪﻟا ﲑﻴﻐﺗ تﺎﻗوأ ﰲ
ﰲ ﺔﻴﺟرﺎﳋاو ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪﻟا تاﺪﻫﺎﻌﳌا ﻦﻣ
ﻞﺜﻣ
ﺪﻨﳍاو ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ ةﺪﻫﺎﻌﻣ
Ilenkai India Oppenthem
ﰲ تﺮﻀﺣ اﺬﻫ ﻊﻣو ، تﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧا
مﺎﻋ ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ ﻲﻤﻠﺴﳌ ﺔﻣﻮﻜﳊا ﺪﻨﻋ ﺎ فﱰﻌﻣ باﺰﺣأ ﺔﺘﺳ 2010
4؛ ﻳ ﺎﳑ صﺮﺣ ﱃإ لﺪ
ﺎﲟ ﻲﺸﻳ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﳌا ﰲ ﻪﻨﻜﻟو ،ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ ﰲ ﻲﺳﺎﻴﺴﻟا ﻞﻤﻌﻟا رﺎﻤﻏ ضﻮﺧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﺔﻴﻠﻗﻷا فﻼﺘﺧاو مذﺮﺸﺗو ﺔﻗﺮﻓ ﻦﻣ نﻮﻤﻠﺴﳌا ﻪﻴﻠﻋ .
.2
ﻟا تﺎﻳﺪﺤﺘ ﻟا
ﺔﻴﻠﺧاﺪ :
تﺎﻳﺪـــﺤﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﲎــــﻌﺗ ﺎــــﻨﻫ ﺔـــﺳارﺪﻟاوُ ﺔﻤﻠﺴــــﳌا ﺔــــﻴﻠﻗﻷا ﻊــــﻤﺘﳎ ﻞـــﺧاد ﰲ نﻮــــﻜﺗ ﱵــــﻟا
ﰲ
1Farook, Latheef, Mayhem During Curfew: Attacks on Aluthgama, Dharga Town and Beruwala Muslims, (Sri Lanka: Addictive International (pvt) Ltd, 1st edn, 2014), p44-45.
يﺎﺑ ﻢﺳﺎﻗ ﺪﻤﳏ ﻦﺑا 2
يﺬﻟا و ُ ءﺎﺟو ،ﺪﻨﳍا ﰲ ﺪﻟ ﱃإ
رﺎﺻو ،ﻪﻴﺑأ ﺐﺼﻨﻣ ﱃﻮﺗ ﻦﲪﺮﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ﻪﻨﺑاو ،ةرﺎﺠﺘﻟا ﺪﺼﻘﻟ ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ
ﺮﺟﺎﺗً ﲑﺒﻛ ا ﻋو ،اً ﻦﻣ ُﱠﺪ ﻷا و ،ﺎﻜﻧﻼﻳﺮﺳ ﰲ ﻦﻳزرﺎﺒﻟا ءﺎﻳﺮﺛ ؤاﺮﺛ ﻪﻠﺻوأ ﺪﻗ
ﻮﻀﻋ ﺐﺼﻨﳌا اﺬﻫ ﱃإ ﻩًا يﺬﻴﻔﻨﺘﻟا ﺲﻠ ا ﰲ
.
Jameel, S.H.M., Muslims In Sri Lankan Parliament, (Chennai, India: Kumaran Book House, 2edn, 2013), p2-5.
3Abdul Aziz, I.L.M., A Criticism of Mr. Ramanathan’s “Ethnology Of Moors of Ceylon”, (Colombo: C.W.E Print, Department for The Moors’ Islamic Cultural Home, 1957), p611.
4Jameel, Muslims In Sri Lankan Parliament, p187-189.
