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UNIVERSITI SAINS
MALAYSIA First Semester Examination Academic Session 2005l2OOoNovember 2005
BOI 109E/4 - Biostatistics [Biostatistik]
Duration :
3 hours fMasa: 3jam]
Please ensure that this examination paper contains TEN printed
pagesand
NINE pages of Attachment before you begin the examination.Answer
FIVE out ofSX
questions, in Englishor
Bahasa Malaysia.Each question carries
20
marks.Sila pastikan bahawa keftas peperiksaan ini mengandungi
SEPULUHmuka
surat yang bercetakdan
SEMBILANmuka
surat Lampiran sebelum anda memulakan peperiksaan ini.Jawab LIMA daipada ENAM
soalanyang
diberikandalam
Bahasa lnggerisatau
Bahasa Malaysia.Tiap-tiap soalan bernilai 20 markah.
61
...2t-
l
lal
1.
lBot
109Et4l-2-
The following data
representsthe volume of mice
erythrocytes (incubic microns) taken from normal (diploid) and
inter-sexindividuals
(triploid). Usingan appropriate statistical test,
comparethe
volume of erythrocytes between the two groupsof
individuals.(15 marks)
Normal Inter-sex
240 262
255 271
239 250
245 285
260 260
251 259
249 282
254 251
269 265
236 274
248 250
Write
a short note on nonparametric statistics.(
5
marks)Data beikut merupakan
isipadu(dalam unit mikron padu)
eritrosittikus yang diambil daipada individu normal (diploid) dan
individuinterjentina (intersex - triploid). Dengan menggunakan
ujiansfafi.sfik yang sesuai bandingkan isipadu eritrosit bagi
dua kumpulan individu ini.(15 markah)
Normal Inter-sex
240 262
255 271
239 250
245 285
260 260
251 259
249 282
254 251
269 265
236 274
248 250
Tulis nota
ingkas mengenai
statistiknonparametik
(5 markah) ...31- tbI
Ia]
62
tbI
I
lBor 10eE/4
-3-
For both cases below, describe how you would conduct the study
andfollowing that describe the
appropriatestatistical test that would be
usedto analyse the data. For the statistical test, include the hypotheses,
thecalculations to determine the test
statistics,the rejection region or
critical value andthe
conclusion should Ho be rejected.[a] You are given
12sea-bass
(siakap) andare
requiredto
determinewhich, among the
muscle,the kidney and liver tissues, can
store more organochlorine pesticides.(10 marks)
tbl You are
provided with 2 varieties of soybean seeds.You
are askedto grow the beans in order to determine which variety will give
abetter harvest. To
conductthe study you are
providedwith 6
plotsof
land each with an area of approximatelyt
hectare.(10 marks)
2. Bagi kedua-dua kes di bawah, huraikan bagaimana anda
akanmenjalankan kajian berkenaan dan seterusnya huraikan juga
kaedah statistikyang sesuai bagi
menganalisisdata yang akan dihasilkan. Bagi penghuraian statistik, sertakan hrpofesis, pengiraan bagi
menentukanstatistik
ujian,
Rawasantolak
atau nilaigenting
dankesimpulan
sekiranya Ho ditolak.Anda diberi 12 ekor ikan siakap dan diminta untuk
menentukanyang mana antara fisu otot, ginjal dan hati
berupayamengumpulkan lebih
banyak
pestisid organoklorin.(10 markah)
tbl Anda diberi dua
jenis bijikacang
soya. Anda diminta menanam biii-biji kacang
tersebutuntuk
menentukanyang mana membei
hasilyang lebih.
Untukkajian
tersebut,anda diberi
6plot
tanah denganIuas kawasan lebih
kurang t hektar
setiap satunya.(10 markah)
Ia]
63
...41-
)
3.
[BOl
109Er4l-4-
A student from the School of
BiologicalSciences conducted a study
todetermine the organic content of coastal bottom sediments
aroundPenang lsland. Six replicates of bottom sediment were obtained from
5locations and the organic contents (in mg/g) determined. The
mean valuesfor
the 6 replicates are as follows:Location Orqanic Gontent
Teluk Alino 131
Jelutono 295
Bavan Lepas 217
Gertak Sanooul 323
Balik Pulau 259
Upon running ANOVA test, the following results were obtained:
Source of Variation SS
Between Locations 42,431
Within Locations 54,650
Continue the statistical test to enable you to compare the
organic contents of the coastal bottom sediment fromthe 5
locations.(20 marks) Seorang
pelajar dari
Pusat Pengajian Sarns Kajihayatmenjalankan
suatukajian untuk menentukan
kandunganbahan organik bagi sedimen
dasar kawasanpantai Pulau
Pinang. Enamreplikat
sedimen dasar telah diambildari 5 lokasi dan kandungan bahan organiknya (dalam unit
mglg)ditentuRan. Min
bagi
6replikat
tersebutadalah
seperti di bawah.Lokasi Kandunsan Orqanik
Teluk Alino 131
Jelutonq 295
Bayan Lepas 217
Gertak Sanooul 323
Balik Pulau 259
64
...il-
lBor
10eE/41-5-
Setelah menjalankan
ANOVA
hasil berikut didapati:SumberVariasi ss
Antara Lokasi 42,431
Dalam Lokasi 54,650
Teruskan ujian statistik ini untuk membolehkan anda
membezakankandungan organik
bagi
sedimen dasarlima
lokasi ini.(20 markah)
4. [a] One of the possible side effects on a woman using
oralcontraceptive (ie taking birth control pills) is increase in
bloodpressure. In a study to confirm this possibility, the systolic
bloodpressures of 15 women volunteers were measured before
andafter 6 months of taking the pills. Based on these results
andassuming that these data do not come from populations that are normally distributed, run an appropriate statistical test
toshow whether or not it is true that taking the pills will in
fact increase one's blood pressure.Volunteer Before Taking Pill While Taking
Pills
1 125 127
2 119 118
3 130 134
4 125 130
5 106 111
6 108 108
7 121 120
8 134 140
I
115 12110 107 115
11 111 114
12 117 123
13 113 118
14 110 115
15 119 117
(12 marks)
Ibl When
runninga
statisticaltest we
needto indicate
eitherthe a
orthe
pvalues.
Explain these values ?(8 marks) ...6/-
65
lBor
10eE/41-6-
[a] Safu daipada Resan sampingan yang mungkin berlaku jika seseorang wanita itu mengamalkan kontraseptif oral
(mengambilpil pencegah kehamilan) ialah peningkatan tekanan
darah. Dalamsuatu kajian untuk menentukan kebenaran
dal<waanini,
tekanandarah
sisfo/ibagi
15orang sukarela wanita telah diambil
sebelumdan
selepasmengamalkan
kontraseptiforal bagi jangka masa
6bulan. Dengan andaian data ini tidak datang dari populasi yang bertabunn
normal,jalankan ujian
statistikyang
sesuaibagi menentukan
samaada
betulatau tidak tekanan darah
seseorangitu
boleh meningkatjika
mengamalkan memakanpiltersebut?
Sukarela Sebelum Menqambil
Pil
Sefelah MensambilPil
1 125 127
2 119 118
3 130 '|'34
4 125 130
5 106 111
6 108 108
7 121 120
8
1U
140I
115 12110 107 115
11 111 114
12 117 123
13 113 118
14
fia
11515 119 117
(12 markah)
tbl Semasa menjalankan ujian
sfafisfrkkita perlu menyatakan nilai a
ataup.
Huraikan mengenainilai-nilaiini.
(8 markah)
66
...71-
5.
[BOr 109Er4l
-7-
A study was carried out
to
determinethe
potency ofa
kindof
rat poison.lt was felt that the size of a rat plays a significant role in
determining howfast the animal will die after taking the poison. For this
particularexperiment 16 rats of different sizes were given the poison and
thelengths of time it took them to die were monitored. The results are
as follows:*tepgthof;rl}nresit@lrtrt6
Ar$@ts toDie
(hh0.46 36
0.43 36
0.40 35
0.47 39
0.44
%
0.39 34
0.51 44
0.55 46
0.44 36
0.55 44
0.41 32
0.35 27
0.26 24
0.30 28
0.41 29
0.34 30
ls there a linear relationship between size of rat and time it took
them to die fromthe
poisoning?Show
this
relationship in the form of a mathematical equation.How strong is
this
relationship?Suppose you administer the poison to a rat that weighs 0.59
kg,what would be the estimated time before this rat will die. Would
you consider your estimate to be good?Why?
(20 marks) laI
lbl lcl
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...8t-
lBot
109Er4l-8-
5.
Suafukajian telah
dijalankanbagi
menentukankepotenan
(kemujaraban)saful'ents racun
tikus. Pengkajimerasakan
saiz tikus berperanan penting dalam menentukan berapa cepat tikus akanmati
selepas memakan racuntersebut. Bagi kajian ini 16 ekor tikus pelbagai saE telah diberi
racuntersebut dan jangkamasa untu( tikus mati direkodkan.
Keputusannyaadalah
seperti berikut.r.@rgf,#i!l_
.10.46 36
0.43 36
0.40 35
0.47 39
0.4 u
0.39
u
0.51 44
0.55 46
0.44 36
0.55 44
0.41 32
0.35 27
0.26 24
0.30 28
0.41 29
0.34 30
(a) Adakah
terdapat peftalian linear antara saiz tikus danjangkamasa
tikusmati
setelah memakan racun?(b) Tunjukkan
pertalianinidalam bentuk
persamaan matematik.(c)
Berapa kuatkah pertalianini?
(d) Andaikan
anda memberi racunkepada tikus
bersaiz 0.59 kg,berapakah
anggaranjangkamasa
sebelum tikus itu mati?Adakah anggaran ini dianggap baik? Kenapa?(20 markah)
6B
...9t-
6.
lal
lBol
10eEt4l-9-
A
studywas
conducted in Batu Ferringhi, Penangto
determine thedistribution of the animals associated with the
seagrassSargassum at different distances from the shoreline. Sample of Sargassum
was taken at5,
10,an
15 mfrom the
shore and thesewere examined for
amphipodsand isopods. The
observations arerecorded below. ls the distribution of organisms associated
withSargassum the same at all three distances? Clearly explain
your results.Distance (m)
Amphipods lsopods
5 5 13
10 29 18
15 51 25
(10 marks)
Based on the Mendel's model, the progeny of inbreeding
a particular flowerwill
result in red, pink and white flowers inthe
ratioof 1:2:1. A total of
24O progenieswere
producedwith 55
bearing redflowers,
132with
pink flowersand
53 with whiteflowers.
Do the datafit
Mendel's model?(10 marks) tbl
69
...10/-
6.
-
10- [BOl
1o9Er4l[a] Suafu kajian telah dijalankan di Batu Feingghi, Pulau
Pinang,untuk menentukan taburan haiwan yang dikaitkan dengan rumpai
/auf Sarsassum pada jarak yang berbeza dari pinggir
pantai.Sampel
Saroassum telah
diambilpada jarak 5, 10 dan
15m dai
pantai dan sampel tersebut dikaji untuk menentukan
kehadiranhaiwan amfipod dan isopod. Cerapan tersebut direkod sepefti di
bawah. Adakah taburan organisma yang
berkait dengan Sarqassum samabagi
3jarak
tersebut? Huraikanjawapan
denganjelas.
Jarak (m) Amphipods lsopods
5 5 13
10 29 18
15 51 25
(10 markah)
tb]
Berasaskan model Mendel,progeni kacukan
dalamanbagi
se1'enisbunga akan menghasilkan bunga merah,
merahjambu dan putih dalam nisbah 1:2:1. Sejumlah 240 progeni telah
dihasilkandengan
55bunga merah,
132bunga
merahjambu, dan 53
bunga putih. Adakah dataini
secocok dengan model Mendel?(10 markah)
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