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2. Issues and Challenges

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International Symposium on

HARMONISING ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS WITH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL of

River Basins River Basins

PROTECTING WATER RESOURCES

- ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

by:

NOORHASHIM BIN BARON

National Water Services Commission (SPAN)

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 1

National Water Services Commission (SPAN) 24 – 26 MAC 2010

PRINCE HOTEL & RESIDENCE, KUALA LUMPUR

1 Policy and Institutional Framework on

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

1. Policy and Institutional Framework on Water Services and Role of SPAN

2. Issues and Challenges

3. Conclusion

(2)

BODY AREA OF

RESPONSIBILITY DESCRIPTION Federal Government

(Ministr of Energ Water

Policy matters Development of a holistic water policy for the co ntr b setting polic

POLICY & INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ON WATER SERVICES

(Ministry of Energy, Water and Communications)

for the country by setting policy directions.

State Government Raw Water matters Regulate raw water abstraction and catchment management

National Water Resource Council (NWRC) – chaired by Prime Minister

Water Resource matters – Cross boundaries / Inter state / Issue of National

Ensures coordination with the various State Government in the management of the water basins.

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 3

/ Issue of National interest

National Water Services Commission (SPAN)

Regulatory matters Regulate the Water Services industry (Water and Sewerage services)

STATE FEDERAL

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

DAM

RIVER

BALANCING RESERVOIR

SERVICE RESERVOIR

CONSUMER z

STATE FEDERAL

CATCHMENT AREA

WATER TREATMENT PLANT

SOURCE TREATMENT DISTRIBUTION

(3)

A) Individual Septic Tank

PREMISE OWNER

SEWERAGE SYSTEM

RIVER

SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

B) Connected System

PREMISE OWNER SEPTIC TANK

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 5

COLLECTION TREATMENT

Sewerage remains under the jurisdiction of Federal Government

National Policy Objectives for the Water Supply and Sewerage Services Industry are:

NATIONAL POLICY OBJECTIVES

i. To establish a transparent and integrated structure for water supply services and sewerage services that delivers effective and efficient service to consumers;

ii. To ensure long term availability and sustainability of water supply including the conservation of water;

iii. To contribute to the sustainability of the watercourse and the water catchment areas;

iv. To facilitate the development of competition to promote economy and efficiency in the water supply services and sewerage services industry;

v. To establish a regulatory environment which facilitates financial self sustainability amongst the operator in the water services and sewerage services industry in the long term;

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vi To regulate for the long-term benefit of the consumers;

NATIONAL POLICY OBJECTIVES

(Cont’d…)

vi. To regulate for the long-term benefit of the consumers;

vii. To regulate tariff and ensure the provision of affordable services on an equitable basis;

viii.To improve the quality of life and environment through the

effective and efficient management of water supply services and sewerage services;

ix. To establish an effective system of accountability and governance between operators in the water services and sewerage services industry; and

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 7

sewerage services industry; and

x. To regulate the safety and security of the water supply system and sewerage system.

6 An Act to establish the Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara SPAN (National Water Services Commission)

SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AIR NEGARA ACT 2006 [Act 654]

( )

and set out the function and powers of SPAN which includes:

¾ To advise the Minister on the national policy objective

¾ To implement and enforce the provisions of WSIA

¾ To supervise and monitor water supply services and sewerage services activities

¾ To review and recommend tariffs

¾ To review and recommend tariffs 6 SPAN is the economic and technical

regulator

6 Approved by Parliament in June 2006 and came into force on 1 Feb 2007

(5)

6 An Act to provide for and regulate water supply services and sewerage services 6 Objective : to establish a licensing and

WATER SERVICES INDUSTRY (WSIA) ACT 2006 [Act 655]

6 Objective : to establish a licensing and regulatory framework for regulatory intervention to promote national policy objectives for the industry.

6 Does not affect general applications of existing laws on environment quality and land matters and existing State powers on water source

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 9

water source.

6 Approved in Parliament in June 2006 and gazetted on 20thJuly 2006

6 Came into force on 1stJanuary 2008

WHO ARE BEING REGULATED?

PUBLIC WATER OPERATORS

PRIVATE WATER OPERATORS

REGULATED BY SPAN PUBLIC

SEWERAGE OPERATORS

OPERATORS

PRIVATE SEWERAGE OPERATORS

SEWERAGE CONTRACTORS

IWK, PBT Kelantan, PBT Pasir Gudang + MBJB

WATER CONTRACTORS

CONTRACTORS

MANUFACTURERS / SUPPLIERS

PLUMBERS

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QUALITY OUTPUT

The new regulatory regime is aimed to ensure:

QUALITY PEOPLE + PROCESS QUALITY

INPUT

QUALITY OUTPUT

Quality

Materials

Products

Skilled, Competent

Contractors

QUALITY OPERATION &

MAINTENANCE

Efficient

Operation

Facilities

+

+ =

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 11

Contractors

Plumbers Standard, Proven

Specification

Procedures

Best Practices

Facilities Management and Maintenance

1 Policy and Institutional Framework on

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

1. Policy and Institutional Framework on Water Services and Role of SPAN

2. Issues and Challenges

3. Conclusion

(7)

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES - Sg. Langat Water Catchment

Sg. Langat Sg. Raya

Sg. Perimbun Sg. Sering

Bandar Mahkota Cheras

Sg. Long

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 13

Sg. Cheras

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Shutdown of Cheras Bt. 11 Water Treatment Plant

9 Design Capacity: 7.13 MGD;

9 Extracting water from Sg. Langat;

9 Located on top of Bukit Sebaran, Hulu Langat at 133.8 m above sea level;

9 Experienced a total of more than 50 times shutdown since 1998;

9 Raw water pollution: -

ƒ High ammonia level

ƒ Contaminated with oil / diesel

ƒ Contain chemicals

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ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Part of water catchment areas has been transformed from forest / agricultural area to residential, commercial & industrial area (urbanisation)

Sg. Langat WTP

Cheras Bt 11 WTP

(urbanisation).

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 15

Langat River Raya Raya

Cheras River

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Langat River (Upper Langat) and its tributaries

Sering River Langat River

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ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Langat River (Upper Langat) and its tributaries

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 17

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Source of pollution

o Domestic sewage

ƒ Effluent from public & private STP and septic tanks.

o Manufacturing and Industrial discharge

ƒ Effluent discharges, illegal dumping, leakages of waste, accidental spillage etc.

o Wet market

o Private nurseries & agriculture

o Private nurseries & agriculture

o Run-off water

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EVOLUTION OF THE SEWERAGE SYSTEM IN MALAYSIA

Prior to 1950-s

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 19

Year

1950-s 1970-s 1980-s 1990-s 2000

Primitive / Primary Treatment Partial / Full Secondary Treatment 1960-s

Pour Flush

Septic Tank

Imhoff Tank

OP/AL Activated Sludge/

Biological Filters

Fully Mechanised Plant

Address Public Health Address River Pollution Address Environment Future Tertiary

Treatment

BEFORE & AFTER REFURBISHMENT / UPGRADING

Before After

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ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Environmental Quality Act 1974

Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations 2009

Effluent discharge standards for existing sewage treatment systems

Sewage treatment systems approved before January 1999

Type of Sewage Treatment Systems

Parameter Unit Communal

Septic Tank

Imhoff Tank Aerated Lagoon

Oxidation Pond

Mechanical System

A B A B A B A B A B

(a) BOD5 at 20oC mg/L 200 200 175 175 100 100 120 120 60 60

(b) COD mg/L - - - - 300 300 360 360 180 240

(c) Suspended Solids mg/L 180 180 150 150 120 120 150 150 100 120

(d) Oil & Grease mg/L - - - - - - - - 20 20

(e) Ammoniacal Nitrogen mg/L - - 100 100 80 80 70 70 60 60

S t t t t d ft J 1999

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 21

Standard

Parameter Unit A B

(a) BOD5 at 20 OC mg/L 20 50

(b) COD mg/L 120 200

(c) Suspended Solids mg/L 50 100

(d) Oil and Grease mg/L 20 20

(e) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (enclosed water body) mg/L 50 50

Sewage treatment systems approved after January 1999

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Environmental Quality Act 1974

Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations 2009

Effluent discharge standards A & B for new sewage treatment systems

STANDARD

A B

(a) Temperature oC 40 40

(b) pH Value - 6.0 - 9.0 5.5 – 9.0

(c) BOD5 at 20oC mg/L 20 50

(d) COD mg/L 120 200

(e) Suspended Solids mg/L 50 100

(f) Oil and Grease mg/L 5.0 10.0

(g) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (enclosed water body) mg/L 5.0 5.0

(h) Ammoniacal Nitrogen (river) mg/L 10.0 20.0

(i) Nitrate – Nitrogen (river) mg/L 20.0 50.0

(j) Nitrate – Nitrogen (enclosed water body) mg/L 10.0 10.0

(h) Phosphorus (enclosed water body) mg/L 5.0 10.0

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ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

Possible Solution

Structural Non-structural

Upgrade the existing water treatment plant

Enforcement Upgrade the existing sewage

treatment plant

Awareness campaign

Relocate the water intake point Research and Development

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 23

Improve the drainage systems to control both quantity and quality of urban runoff.

1 Policy and Institutional Framework on

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION

1. Policy and Institutional Framework on Water Services and Role of SPAN

2. Issues and Challenges

3. Conclusion

(13)

CONCLUSION

6 The protection of Langat water catchment is needed in ensuring sustainability of water resources for future use;

6 The water management approach shall consider for both quantity and quality of

SURUHANJAYAPERKHIDMATANAIRNEGARA 25

river water.

THANK YOU

Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara

Daripada : www.span.gov.my

Rujukan

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