© Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia 2008
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HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007 From the Chairman
Introduction
Main findings
Tables
Glossary
3 4 6 19 27
CONTENTS
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007 FROM THE CHAIRMAN
M
alaysians are avid texters. This has proven true over the years that short messaging services (SMS) or multimedia messaging services (MMS) have been introduced. A steady increase of hand phone users who send an average of 5 or more SMS or MMS a day was noted over the period 2004 to 2007. In fact a solid 50.4 % of hand phone users sent more than 5 SMS or MMS per day.This is among some of the interesting findings of the SKMM Hand Phone Users Survey 2007; the fourth in the Hand Phone Users Survey series and the sixth in the Statistical Briefs Series published by the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (SKMM).
This report presents the main findings of the Hand Phone Users Survey (HPUS) 2007. It brings together the findings of the HPUS 2006 and HPUS 2005 carried out by SKMM that illustrates the relationship between hand phones and their owners.
Response rates to surveys done by the SKMM have been encouraging and the HPUS 2007 is no exception, garnering a response rate of 79.8 percent. I would like to thank respondents who answered our calls and agreed to be interviewed by our Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) operators for the survey.
Without their cooperation, this report would not have been possible.
I would like to commend the Research and Planning Division of SKMM on another successful survey and invite suggestions from readers to make this series of publication even more useful.
Datuk Dr. Halim Shafie Chairman
Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission
● nationality
● gender
● ethnicity
● age
● usual state of residence
● urban/rural distribution
● income
● payment plan
● number of active hand phone subscriptions ● SMS usage
● unsolicited SMS received per week ● Internet access through the hand phone
● awareness of mobile number portability, (MNP)
● awareness of International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) ● international roaming
as well as other hand phone user trends and usage.
In 2007, these included:
Target Population
INTRODUCTION
The Hand Phone Users Survey 2007 is the fourth of an annual survey on hand phone users conducted by the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission (SKMM). The main objective of this survey is to estimate proportions of the hand phone users that fall into the various classes of the categorization schemes of the key variables.
Proper use of these estimated proportions, in conjunction with population estimates, can yield the various hand phone user penetration rates.
The survey probed the demographics and socioeconomics of the hand phone user such as:
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Introduction
Reference date and geographical coverage of the survey
The reference date of the survey was set at 31 March 2007. The survey was canvassed using a Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) solution and operated out of SKMM’s CATI Centre located at the SKMM Central Regional Office, Shah Alam. The canvassing period extended from 9 June to 12 July 2007.
No statistical unit and no segment of the target population were excluded on the grounds of geographical inaccessibility or service non-coverage or on any other grounds.
Response Rate
Response rate to the survey was 79.8%.
Methodology
The sample size was 4,925 units (α = 0.01 and d = 0.02) drawing from the work on sample sizes from multinomial populations by Chakravarty.
There was only one stage of sample selection as the survey adopted a simple random sample (SRS) approach. Meaningful stratification was not possible because no suitable variable for stratification was available.
As at 31 March 2007, there were 20,808,797 hand phone subscriptions on the 6 digital networks operating in the country. The survey also determined that as high as 18.3% of hand phone users had the same main user and this was netted out to transfer the estimates from the survey, to a ‘user’ rather than
‘subscription’ basis.
Method of administering the instrument
The questionnaire was administered by CATI. Trained interviewers called up main users of selected hand phone numbers to seek their cooperation. Answers given to precoded questions were clicked in while open ended answers were typed in.
Calls were made from 2.00 pm to 9.00 pm on weekdays and 10.00 am to 6.00 pm on weekends and public holidays.
MAIN FINDINGS
Core Variables
Core Variables of the Hand Phone Users survey are the variables that are canvassed every round so as to enable the monitoring of key indicators in mobile telephony.
The findings in respect of these variables are presented below. However, percentages may not add up to 100 percent because of rounding.
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by nationality
The survey found that 90.3 percent of hand phone users are Malaysians while 9.7 percent of hand phone users are non – Malaysians.
Percentage
Percentage Nationality
Gender
2005 93.7 6.3
2005 57.4 42.6 Malaysian
Non - Malaysian
Male Female
2006 92.5 7.5
2006 58.3 41.7
2007 90.3 9.7
2007 56.4 43.6 Percentage distribution of hand phone users by gender
Survey results show that males contribute to 56.4 percent of the total hand phone subscribers while females contribute 43.6 percent. The figure for male is slightly lower compared to the years 2006 and 2005. On the contrary, the figure for females has shown an increase in percentage compared to 2006 and 2005.
The Malaysian population is made up of 51 percent male and 49 percent
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
Percentage
Percentage Age category
Ethnicity
2005 13.1 78.2 8.7
2005 53.9 6.5
32.4 6.3 0.9 Pre-teens & teens (up to 19)
Adults (20-49) Seniors (50+)
Malay
Bumiputra(Sabah/Sarawak) and Orang Asli
Chinese Indian Others
2006 20.5 66.8 12.6
2006 57.3 6.7
28.9 6.2 0.9
2007 20.9 66.8 12.3
2007 61.1 5.8
25.8 6.6 0.7 Percentage distribution of hand phone users by ethnicity
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by broad age categories Adults (users aged between 20 and 49 years as at last birthday) continue to be the highest group of users with 66.8 percent followed by pre-teens and teens (users aged up to 19 years old) with 20.9 percent. Seniors (aged 50 years and above) account for only 12.3 percent.
The upward trend for the pre-teens and teens continues, although slowing down in 2007. It was 13.1 percent in 2005, 20.5 in 2006 and 20.9 in 2007. In more specific age groups, the 20 – 24 year olds has the highest share of the user base, accounting for some 19.9 percent of it.
Among Malaysian users, Malays continue to be the largest group of users accounting for 61.1 percent followed by Chinese at 25.8 percent. Indians, Bumiputra Sabah & Sarawak and Orang Asli account for 6.6 percent and 5.8 percent respectively. The remaining 0.7 percent are other ethnic groups.
70 60 50 40 30 20 10
0 Malay Bumiputra
Sabah/Sarawak
& Orang Asli
Chinese Indian Others
20052006 2007
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by state
Selangor continues as the state with the highest number of hand phone users at 22.1 percent followed by Johor (13.5 percent), Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur (8.6 percent) and Perak (7.8 percent).
Among other states, Sabah (including Federal Territory of Labuan), Penang, Kedah, and Sarawak have between 6 and 7 percent of hand phone users, while Pahang, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan, Terengganu and Melaka have between 4 and 5 percent users.
Perlis has the smallest number of users with only 0.8 percent.
22.1% 13.5% 8.6% 7.8%
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
Selangor Johor W.P. Kuala Lumpur Perak
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
Percentage State
2005 13.7 5.9 3.7 3.0 3.9 4.5 7.4 7.3 0.8 24.7 2.9 6.4 5.9 9.7 Johor
Kedah Kelantan Melaka
Negeri Sembilan Pahang
Penang Perak Perlis Selangor Terengganu Sabah Sarawak
F.T. Kuala Lumpur
2006 13.0 6.6 4.6 3.7 4.3 4.8 6.4 7.7 0.9 21.7 3.8 6.4 7.1 8.6
2007 13.5 6.6 4.2 3.7 4.2 5.1 6.5 7.8 0.8 22.1 3.7 7.1 6.1 8.6
The graph below shows the consistent pattern that emerges in each survey conducted from 2005 to 2007.
30 25 20 15 10 5 0
Johor Kedah
Kelantan Melaka Negeri Sembilan
Pahang Penang Perak Perlis
Selangor Terengganu
Sabah Sarawak W.P. K
uala Lumpur 2005 2006 2007
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by urban – rural sector Percentage
Sector
2005 81.9 18.1 Urban
Rural
2006 80.5 19.5
2007 78.0 22.0
Over the period 2004 to 2006, the urban-rural gap has narrowed down as shown in the table above. The definition of ‘urban’ follows that of Census 2000 conducted by the Department of Statistics, Malaysia. Census 2000 findings had shown that 62 percent of the population live in urban areas while the remaining population in the rurals.
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by income category
Among hand phone users, 29.9 percent had incomes of RM1,000 and below, 30.8 percent had incomes between RM1,000 – RM3,000, while 5.3 percent reported monthly incomes ranging from RM3,000 – RM5,000. Only 3 percent had incomes in excess of RM5,000.
The remaining 31 percent consisting of retirees, housewives, students and unemployed persons had no income.
No Income
<RM1,000
<RM1,000-RM3,000
<RM3,000-RM5,000
>RM5,000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
Percentage
Percentage Payment plan
SMS/MMS sent per day
2005 19.6 80.4
2005 15.1 7.6 8.1 9.2 3.0 7.4 41.8 2004
25.9 9.1 9.7 10.8 5.6 7.2 31.7 Postpaid
Prepaid
0 1 2 3 4 5
More than 5
2006 15.9 84.1
2006 16.4 7.5 9.9 9.0 4.7 6.4 46.1
2007 16.1 83.9
2007 18.8 4.1 6.5 5.9 1.7 12.7 50.4
User Trends And Experiences
This section of the survey probes into current trends and issues in the use of hand phone and the experiences of hand phone users.
Percentage distribution of hand phone users by payment plan
In 2007, prepaid users outnumbered postpaid ones, 84 to 16 for every hundred.
This ratio closely reflects observations made in preceding years.
SMS Usage
In Q1 2007, the number of SMSes and MMSes sent, stood at 11,724 million (Communications & Multimedia – Selected Facts and Figure, Q1 2007). This represents a growth of 57 percent over Q1 2006. The upsurge in SMS usage is reflected in the survey findings. The percentage of hand phone users sending out more than five SMS/MMS in a day on average stood at 50.4 percent.
Unsolicited SMS
In total, 51.3 percent of users received unsolicited SMSes. 6.4 percent of users received more than 10 such SMSes in a week, while 44.9 percent of them received anything from one to 10 per week.
Internet access using hand phones
Only 13.7 percent of users accessed the Internet through their hand phones.
This is a drop of 4.7 percentage points from year 2006 figure.
Among those who accessed the Internet on their mobiles, 84.4 percent used GPRS while 16.5 percent used 3G, 12.1 percent used WAP and 1.5 percent used EDGE.
Percentage Unsolicited SMS per week
0
Up to 10 10 to 20 20 to 30 More than 30
48.7 44.9 4.7 0.9 0.8
Percentage Use of hand phone
to access internet
Yes No
2006 18.4 81.6
2007 13.7
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
86.3Main Findings
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
Awareness on Mobile Number Portability
In the past three months preceding reference date, as many as 28.1 percent of hand phone users changed their service provider.
However, only 12.6 percent of hand phone users were aware of Mobile Number Portability (MNP).
Percentage Changed service provider
Yes No
28.1 71.9
0.6%
Not Aware, 87.4%
1.5% 12.1%
16.5%
84.4%
GPRS 3G WAP EDGE Others & Don’t know
51.6 percent of hand phone subscribers will consider porting if charges are made lower by 10 percent and an additional 9.5 percent will consider if charges are lower by 15 percent, a further 18.4 percent of hand phone users will consider porting if charges are lower by 25 percent.
60.5 percent agreed that RM10 is a fair charge per port and 37.4 percent said that a five working day period to change the service provider is reasonable while others want it to be faster.
Percentage Lower charges by
10%
15%
25%
51.6 61.1 79.5
Percentage
Percentage RM10 per port
Awareness of mobile banking services Yes
No
Yes No
60.5 39.5
33.5 66.5
Mobile banking
Only 33.5 percent of hand phone users were aware of mobile banking. Only 7 percent of those who are aware have registered for the services.
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
Percentage Types of payment transactions
Purchase of goods and services from retailers Payment for public transportation
Parking fee Payment of bills
Remittance or person to person transfer Purchase of mobile ring tone
Others
*17.2
*20.7
**3.4 72.4
*34.5
*34.5
**6.9
Of those who are aware but not registered, 18.0 percent were interested to sign up while 82.0 percent were not interested.
Among those who are registered for mobile banking, 25.0 percent conducted financial banking transactions, 8.7 percent non-financial and 6.5 percent both financial and non-financial. The remaining 59.8 percent did not transact in the three month preceding reference date.
Among financial transactions, the most popular was payment of bills (72.4 percent), followed by remittance or person to person transfers (34.5 percent) and purchase of mobile ring tones, top-up and games (also 34.5 percent).
Not Registered, 93%
Registered, 7%
* see RSE tables
Factors that will spur the interest of hand phone users to subscribe to mobile banking services included more convenience (91.6 percent) followed by more banking services (27.6 percent), greater security features (24.8 percent) and others (3.2 percent).
Percentage Felt secure for
Payment of bills Parking fee
Payment for public transportation Remittance or person to person transfer Purchase of mobile ring tone
Purchase of goods and services from retailers Others
50.0 42.8 39.1 36.8 31.6 20.8 11.1
91.6
3.2
27.6
24.8
More banking services Greater security feature More convenience Others
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
50 percent of the subscribers felt secure using mobile banking transaction for payment of bills, 42.8 percent for paying parking fees, and 39.1 percent for payment for public transportation. These and others are shown in the table below.
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
Comfort ceilings are as tabulated below.
Cumulative percentage of those registered Comfort ceiling
Less than RM50 RM50
RM100 RM200 RM500
100.0 82.0 73.6 54.4 25.2
No Aware, 77%
Aware, 23%
Awareness of IMEI
Survey results show that 23.0 percent are aware about International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI). The majority of hand phone users, 77.0 percent, do not know what IMEI is. 57.1 percent of all respondents said that RM10 is a fair price to pay for registration of IMEI while the rest were of the opinion that it was too expensive.
Main Findings
International roaming
10.4 percent of users travel overseas during the three months preceding 31 March 2007 and of those, 55.6 percent made use of international roaming services to make calls/SMS/MMS while overseas.
Did not travel overseas, 89.6%
Travel overseas,
10.4%
Percentage Use of international
roaming services Yes
No
55.6 44.4
Among the international roaming users, 65.2 percent felt that the charges imposed were too expensive, 29.1 percent felt that the charges were fair while 5.7 percent claimed that the charges were cheap.
Expensive
Fair 29.1
65.2
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Main Findings
TABLES
Caution is required in the use of the estimates tabulated below.
While SKMM takes every care to minimize non-sampling errors, which cannot be quantified, the estimates presented are also subjected to sampling error, which is a measure of the chance variation that occurs because a sample, and not the entire population is canvassed. The sampling error of an estimate is usually expressed as a percentage of that estimate to give the relative sampling error (RSE) of that estimate.
In general, estimates that are small are subjected to high RSEs. As a guide, only estimates with RSEs of 25 percent or less are considered reliable for general use. Estimates with RSEs greater than 25 percent but less than or equal to 50 percent are denoted with an asterisk in these tables and should be used with caution while those with RSEs greater than 50 percent are denoted by two asterisks and are considered too unreliable for general use. However these estimates may be aggregated with others until an RSE of less than 25 percent is obtained.
Confidence intervals for very small estimates should be based on the binomial distribution rather than the normal approximation to the binomial. As an alternative, the method of Korn and Graubard, 1998 may also be used.
Percentages may not add up to 100.0 percent because of rounding.
Table 1
Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE Gender
Nationality
56.4 43.6
90.3 9.7
1.4 1.8
0.5 4.9 Male
Female
Malaysian Non-Malaysian Table 2
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Tables
Percent
Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE
RSE Ethnicity
Age category
State
61.1 5.8 25.8 6.2 0.7
20.9 66.8 12.3
13.5 6.6 4.2 3.7 4.2 5.1 6.5 7.8 0.8 22.1 3.7 7.1
1.3 6.7 2.8 6.3 20.3
3.1 1.1 4.2
4.0 6.0 7.6 8.1 7.6 6.9 6.1 5.5 17.8 3.0 8.1 5.8 Malay
Bumiputra (Sabah/Sarawak) and Orang Asli Chinese
Indian Others
Pre-teens and teens Adults
Seniors
Johor Kedah Kelantan Melaka
Negeri Sembilan Pahang
Penang Perak Perlis Selangor Terengganu Sabah Table 3
Table 4
Table 5
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Tables
Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE Income
SMS/MMS sent per day
31.0 29.9 30.8 5.3 3.0
18.8 4.1 6.5 5.9 1.7 12.7 22.8 12.0 3.8 1.0 4.8 6.0
2.4 2.4 2.4 6.7 9.1
3.3 7.7 6.1 6.4 12.2 4.2 2.9 4.3 8.1 16.1 7.1 6.3 No income
<RM1000
RM1000 – RM3000 RM3000 – RM5000
>RM5000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 – 10 11 – 20 21 – 30 31 – 40 41 – 50 50 and more Table 6
Percent RSE
Payment plan
15.9 84.1
3.6 0.7 Postpaid
Prepaid Table 7
Table 8
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Tables
Percent RSE
Use of hand phone to access Internet
13.7 86.3
12.6 87.4
60.5 39.5
4.0 0.6
4.2 0.6
1.3 2.0 Yes
No
Yes No
Yes No Table 9
Table 11
Table 12
84.4 16.5 12.1
*1.5
**0.2
**0.4
1.9 9.7 11.6 35.1 99.9 70.6 GPRS
3G WAP EDGE Others Don’t know Table 10
Percent RSE
Mode of hand phone access to Internet
Awareness of MNP Percent RSE
Percent RSE
Agreement to a 5 working day period to port
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Tables
Percent*
Percent
Percent
RSE RSE
RSE
Will consider switch on charges Agreement to a charge of RM10 per port
Changed service provider in past three months
51.6 9.5 18.4 37.4 62.6
28.1 71.9
2.0 6.3 4.3 2.1 1.2
5.4 0.5
10% lower 15% lower 25% lower Yes
No
Yes No Table 15 Table 13
Table 14
Percent RSE
Awareness of mobile banking services
33.5 66.5
2.2 1.1 Aware
Not aware Table 16
* In the report, aggregated percentages were used for ease of understanding.
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Tables
Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE Types of banking transactions
Types of payment transactions
25.0
*8.7
*6.5 59.8
*17.2
*20.7
**3.4 72.4
*34.5
*34.5
**6.9
18.1 33.8 39.4 8.6
40.7 36.6 98.3 11.5 25.6 25.6 68.2 Financial
Non-financial Both
None
Purchase of goods and services from retailers Payment for public transportation
Parking fee Payment of bills
Remittance or person to person transfer Purchase of mobile ring tone
Others Table 18
Table 19
Percent RSE
Registration with bank for mobile banking
7.0 93.0
10.1 0.8 Registered
Not registered Table 17
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Tables
Percent
Percent*
Percent
RSE
RSE RSE
Factors that drive mobile banking
Comfort ceiling Felt secure for
27.6
24.8 91.6
*3.2
18.0 8.4 19.2 29.2
*50.0
**42.8 39.1 36.8 31.6
*20.8
**11.1
10.2
11.0 1.9 34.8
13.5 20.9 13.0 9.9 46.4 22.1 27.7 32.9 36.4 40.7 54.7
More banking services offered on the mobile
Greater security features More convenience
Others
Less than RM50 RM50
RM100 RM200 Table 22
Table 23 Table 20
Percent RSE
Interest in signing up for mobile banking
18.0 82.0
6.1 1.3 Yes
No Table 21
Payment of bills Parking fee
Payment for public transportation Remittance or person to person transfer Purchase of mobile ring tone
Purchase of goods and services from retailers Others
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Tables
Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE Agreement to a registration
charge of RM10 per phone
Opinion on roaming charges incurred
57.1 42.9
65.2 29.1
1.4 1.8
4.8 10.4 Agree
Disagree
Expensive Fair Table 25
Table 28
Percent
Percent
RSE
RSE Travel overseas
Used of international roaming services
10.4 89.6
55.6 44.4
4.7 0.5
4.4 5.5 Yes
No
Yes No Table 26
Table 27
Percent RSE
Awareness of IMEI
23.0 77.0
2.9 0.8 Yes
No Table 24
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Glossary
GLOSSARY
TERM DESCRIPTIONS
The hand phone is seen as a personal, rather than a household equipment. This is because hand phones are normally carried by their main users when they leave the house or office. When the hand phone rings at home, more often than not the person who answers it is the main user as calls received by that device are expected to be for him.
(see also main user below)
The main user may or may not be the legal owner of the device.
He may also not be the one who pays for the bills incurred as in the case of supplementary subscriptions and company subscriptions.
The ethnicity of a child of mixed parentage is Malay if either parent is Malay, or recorded as reported, or takes the ethnicity of the father if undecided.
Age referred to age as at last birthday.
Usual state of residence refers to the state where the respondent has a home and has stayed continuously there for the past 6 months. If he has stayed for less than 6 months but knows beyond reasonable doubt that he will be there for at least 6 months continuously, then he should be counted in that state.
This is especially so in cases where the respondent has just been transferred in, prior to the interview taking place. If a respondent knows that he will be moving to another state shortly but has not done so yet at the time of the interview then he is not considered as a resident of the state where he is moving to. This is especially so in cases where the respondent has a notice of transfer but has not moved yet.
Usual state of residence does not refer to the state where ancestral homes or kampungs are located.
A service that allows customers the choice of switching from one mobile service provider to another while retaining their existing telephone numbers.
A number unique to every GSM and UMTS mobile phone. It is usually found printed on the phone underneath the battery and can also be found by dialing the sequence *#06# into the phone. The IMEI number is used by the GSM network to identify valid devices and can be used to stop a stolen phone from being used.
The hand phone
The main user
Ethnicity
Age
Usual state of residence
Mobile Number Portability (MNP)
International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI)
HAND PHONE USERS SURVEY 2007
Glossary
The SKMM website contains more statistics pertaining to the
Communications and Multimedia industry. This is updated every quarter of the year.
The SKMM website is at www.skmm.gov.my The SKMM publishes the following:
1. Communications & Multimedia: Selected Facts & Figures (ISSN: 1675-6223), a quarterly statistical bulletin of the communications and multimedia industry.
2. Postal & Courier Services: Selected Facts & Figures
(ISSN: 1823-9919), a half yearly statistical bulletin of the postal and courier industry.
Please contact SKMM for more details or email publications@cmc.gov.my The Statistical Brief series (ISSN:1823-2523) is issued by the SKMM to disseminate survey findings and statistical updates. These briefs are aimed at the general to intermediate user audience.
Titles in this series so far:
Statistical Brief Number One Hand Phone Users Survey 2004 Statistical Brief Number Two
Household Use of Internet Survey 2005 Statistical Brief Number Three
Hand Phone Users Survey 2005 Statistical Brief Number Four
Hand Phone Users Survey 2006 Statistical Brief Number Five
Household Use of Internet Survey 2006 Statistical Brief Number Six
Hand Phone Users Survey 2007 (this issue)
Koay Hock Eng Azilawati Masri Asharina Alwi
Dayang Aidah Awang Piut Siti Shadiah Zainol Abidin
For further information about these and related statistics, contact the following officers:
THE STATISTICS & KNOWLEDGE RESOURCE DEPARTMENT WEBSITE
STATISTICAL BULLETIN
STATISTICAL BRIEF
DIRECTOR STATISTICIANS
FOR MORE STATISTICS
CONTACTS
